Budget for the salary year. Will raising public sector wages cause economic growth?

Unfortunately, in our country the usual abbreviation “state employees” is not associated with the most prestigious profession. Why is this happening? Constant complaints from public sector workers, low wages and, as a result, staff turnover, create an unfavorable atmosphere for the performance of specialists in public sector organizations, and also aggravate the overall picture of life for “public sector employees” in the country, especially in the regions.

Why the above problems have existed for several decades, and what circumstances impede their solution, we will consider in this article. We will also find out how the Decrees of the President and the Government on this issue are implemented.

State employees are employees of budgetary organizations who receive wages from the state budget. That is, in fact, this is the only category of workers whose income directly depends on the economic situation in the country and the state of the state treasury.

State employees include, first of all, doctors, teachers, teachers of state preschool institutions, cultural and scientific workers.

None "straight line" with the President he cannot do without complaints and questions about increasing salaries for employees of budgetary organizations. Their work is invaluable and necessary for the country as a fundamental basis for the sustainable development of younger generations and maintaining the social security of citizens.

In total in the Russian Federation there are about 23% of employees budgetary sector from the entire working population. To increase the prestige of the social worker profession, the Head of the Russian Federation decided to increase the average wage level for this category of citizens.

This mainly concerns the fundamental part of remuneration, that is, salaries and rates. “Of course, as part of future procedures, the share of wages that goes to salary form should be increased”,” Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Social Policy Valery Ryazansky agreed. He also emphasized that in the process of implementing the project to increase salaries for public sector employees, it is necessary to highlight a separate area of work to develop measures to stimulate young specialists.

First steps to solving the problem or “Your complaints are heard”

The issue of the problem of employees of budgetary organizations was raised literally every year, however, previously, the size of their monthly wages was at the level of the average monthly income of the country's population, therefore, this issue was not so pressing.

However, over time, the income of the population gradually began to increase, the average salary in the country increased, but this did not affect state employees. Teachers, kindergarten teachers and doctors received almost the minimum wage (minimum wage). And if you think about it, these are some of the most important professions in the whole world.

Another prerequisite for serious consideration of the issue of increasing wages for public sector employees was the mass migration of scientists and cultural workers and other highly qualified specialists abroad.

It was impossible to close our eyes to this in 2012, the first thing after taking office as President of the Russian Federation, V.V. Putin issued 11 "May Decrees" aimed at improving the country's social, economic, government and defense policies. These Decrees collectively contained 218 instructions to the Government of the Russian Federation, and a clear deadline was set for their implementation, namely, from 2012 to 2018.

At that time, it was decided to radically change the situation in the social and budgetary sphere, which was served by one of the Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation “On measures to implement state social policy” No. 597 of May 7, 2012. The President called the main goal of the issued Decree to improve the quality of life of citizens - public sector workers.

Mainly, the Decree talked about increasing the amount of real wages by 2018 for the following categories of budget employees:

Employees of medical organizations those with higher medical (pharmaceutical) or other higher education providing medical services - up to 200% of the average salary in the corresponding region;
Social workers, including paramedical (pharmaceutical) personnel and junior medical personnel - up to 100% of the average salary in the corresponding region;
Doctors, researchers and teachers of educational institutions of higher professional education - up to 200% of the average salary in the corresponding region.

What do we have in 2018? Interim results of work and analysis of immediate actions

In his Address to the Federal Assembly in 2018, Vladimir Vladimirovich noted that the “May Decrees” were very ambitious, and their incomplete implementation indicates that the bar is too high. However, in general, the President is satisfied with the work done and the intermediate result, commenting that we cannot stop there, we need to go in the same direction.

Mid 2015 The Government of the Russian Federation announced that as of May, 80 instructions of the President remained unfulfilled. The reason for this was the crisis of 2014. However, soon the situation began to dynamically change for the better and within 2 years almost all orders were carried out.

Based on the results of 2017 Colossal work has been done to increase wages for public sector employees. It was especially hard for the regions, because the implementation of the “May Presidential Decrees” significantly increased the burden on local budgets. Due to objective circumstances, the Government of the Russian Federation decided to extend the program until the end of 2018, and later - until the end of 2020.

Maintaining wages at the already created level is one of the main tasks of regional budgets. But a further increase in wages and their indexation will cost local budgets a pretty penny. Analysts have already calculated future budget expenditures, and senior analyst of the ACRA regional ratings group Alexander Shurakov claims that to implement the Instructions, at least 420 billion rubles will be required (until 2020). Shurakov also noted that the total reserve fund for special purposes in 2019-2020 should be increased by at least 8% of the previously estimated amounts.

In one of the television interviews with the channel "Russia 24", Finance Minister Anton Siluanov assured that during 2018 public sector wages will be increased by 20-23% on average. However, keeping this promise everywhere will not be so easy. After all, it is necessary to take into account the fact that from May 1, 2018 the minimum wage increased.

After analyzing the general financial situation in the country, it was decided to provide support in the form of partial compensation for additional costs associated with increasing wages for public sector employees. This applies to some regions that have encountered financial difficulties with the implementation of the “May Presidential Decrees.” In 2018, about 81 billion rubles of compensation will be allocated to the regions.

A burdening news for the federal budget was the result of a preliminary calculation of the required amount to provide subsidies to the regions. In 2018, it will double the amount of the previous year. By the way, in 2017 the amount of subsidies was 40 billion rubles. But for the next 2019-2020, 100 billion rubles will need to be pledged.

By the end of 2020, the May Presidential Decrees must be implemented 100%. The salaries of university teachers, teachers and doctors will be increased to 200% of the average salary in the region. In addition, it will be necessary to maintain the final result.

Officials will also not stand aside. By the end of 2018, it is planned to increase their wages by at least 2 times. An amount of 460 billion rubles has already been reserved in the budget for these purposes.

Medvedev's report on the implementation of the May decrees of the President of the Russian Federation

May Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation of 2012 have been at the epicenter of discussed topics for the sixth year now. The Government of the Russian Federation regularly reports on the work carried out and on emerging difficulties. Putin is keeping the situation under control and has instructed the Government to complete all unfinished areas on this issue before the end of 2018.

New Decrees of the President and Government of the Russian Federation on increasing wages for public sector employees in 2018-2020

The Government's concern about the low wages of public sector workers and the frequent responses of dissatisfaction from public sector employees force the Federal authorities and regional subordination to “keep their finger on the pulse.”

To maintain the sustainability of the implemented “May Decrees-2012” project, a decision was made to regularly monitor current processes, as well as to create new Decrees to improve the system.

Thus, on December 6, 2017, the Government of the Russian Federation signed Order No. 2716-r on taking measures to increase wages for the following public sector employees:

employees of federal government, budgetary and autonomous institutions;
employees of federal government agencies;
civilian personnel of military units, institutions and divisions of federal executive authorities, in which the law provides for military and equivalent service.

So, according to this Order, from January 1, 2018, work will be carried out to increase the salaries paid to public sector employees from the federal budget by 4%. The order applies to all federal institutions (autonomous, state and budgetary), including:

social and scientific institutions;
forestry institutions;
state veterinary institutions;
state employment service and many others.

Literally a week later, the President of the Russian Federation signed Decree No. 594 “On increasing the monthly salaries of persons holding positions in the federal state civil service.” In accordance with Part 11 of Article No. 50 of the Federal Law “On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation” No. 79-FZ dated July 27, 2004, V.V. Putin decided to increase the monthly salary of the above-mentioned workers by 1.04 times from January 1, 2018. The Decree states that the Government of the Russian Federation needs to provide full financial support for the costs associated with the implementation of the Decree.

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Why should wages be increased?

Every year, due to inflation, the ruble exchange rate depreciates, and prices for goods and services rise. Despite the fact that as of 2018, inflation was 3.1%, the real expenses of Russians, in contrast to official statistics, increased.

This year, due to an increase in the VAT rate, a significant jump in prices is expected, which will inevitably reduce consumer demand by five to seven percent. And this, in turn, will affect the country’s domestic economy.

As for non-state commercial organizations, such employers use internal systems for calculating employee remuneration that are not regulated externally. In contrast, the procedure for forming salaries for employees of government departments is regulated at the legislative level.

The salaries of state and municipal employees are subject to indexation depending on the annual increase in consumer prices (Article 134 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

In addition, the increase in the salaries of certain categories of citizens employed in the public sector in 2019 is due to the implementation by the Government of the Russian Federation of the “May Decrees” of the President. At the same time, the final amount of money allowance for public sector employees should approach the average earnings in the regions of the country, and not stop at the minimum wage mark.

Indexation of salaries of public sector employees in 2019

At the end of the New Year holidays, Labor Minister M. Topilin announced the upcoming indexation of wages. Moreover, the wage increase is planned not only for the categories of public sector employees designated in the “May decrees” of the president, but also for other categories of public sector employees.

In accordance with the budget approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in 2019, in the next two years it is planned to index the wages of the following public sector employees who fall under the “May Decrees”:

teachers and educators;
research assistants;
social workers;
social psychologists;
medical staff;
doctors;
rehabilitation specialists;
personnel workers;
economists, accountants and lawyers;
engineers and programmers;
military personnel;
firefighters;
prosecutors;
investigators;
judges;
workers involved in the maintenance of buildings and equipment (engineering and support personnel).

Salaries of the listed categories of public sector employees will increase by 6% from September 2019. Next year an increase of 5.4% is expected, and in 2021 the percentage of salary growth will be 6.6%. For comparison, the inflation rate for 2019 is set at 4.3%. It turns out that the percentage increase will exceed the expected percentage of inflation.

Salaries of other categories of public sector employees will also increase, but the percentage increase will not exceed the percentage of inflation this year.

When will the salaries of state employees be increased?

Earlier, the media reported that the salaries of public sector workers who were not included in the list designated by the “May Decrees” have been indexed by 4% since January last year.

As a result, the incomes of managers, employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and veterinarians increased. The percentage of wage increases in October 2019 will be 4.3%. The implementation of the “May Decrees” of 2012 has already been felt by certain categories of public sector employees, for example, workers in the education and healthcare sectors.

Increase size

The implementation by the Government of the Russian Federation of the President’s “May Decrees” of 2012 should lead to an increase in wages of public sector workers to one hundred percent or more of the average income of citizens in certain regions of the country.

For example, the salaries of teachers and nurses in the regions should increase to one hundred percent of the average income level, and the salaries of doctors and teachers of higher educational institutions - to two hundred.

Note! An increase in wages for public sector employees who are not covered by the “May Decrees” is planned for 2019. Their salaries will be indexed this year by 4.3%, next year by 3.8%, and in 2021 the indexation rate will be 4%, explained Lyubov Eltsova, Deputy Minister of Labor and Social Protection.

Teachers' salaries

Previously, it was planned to increase teachers' salaries to 150% of the average salary in the regions. The Ministry of Education supports this initiative, but proposes two ways to bring teachers' incomes to this level.

The first provides for a gradual annual increase in teachers' salaries. At the same time, the annual increase in wages will be ten percent, which by 2024 will allow teachers to achieve an income level of 160% of the average earnings in the regions.

The second option involves a one-time increase in teachers’ salaries to fifty-nine thousand rubles. However, there are some nuances here. For example, the salary of a teacher in the capital will exceed the salary of a teacher with similar experience and length of service working in another region of the country, due to differences in income levels and prices in individual regions.

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Increase in salaries for law enforcement agencies

Salaries of military personnel, bailiffs, firefighters, police officers and employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service will increase by 4.3% in accordance with the draft federal budget. The increase is expected in October 2019. This is a necessary measure in the current conditions, since in recent years, with the exception of 2018, the income of employees of these departments has remained virtually unchanged, which has led to a depreciation of their wages over the past five years by 30-40%.

Despite the fact that the “May decrees” provide for an increase in the salaries of law enforcement officers, the increase will occur in stages. For example, the income of police officers by 2024 should reach 150% of the average salary in the regions.

The employees themselves are skeptical about such prospects. The latest salary increase and reform in 2011-2012 increased the income of security forces, but led to the reduction and consolidation of individual departments, as well as the recertification of employees.

That is why police officers and employees of other law enforcement agencies fear a new wave of layoffs and an increase in the workload on existing employees.

Will raising public sector wages cause economic growth?

As Russian political scientist Dmitry Solonnikov noted, increasing the level of income of public sector employees contributes to economic growth in the country. In his opinion, the restoration of demand for certain consumer goods is one of the primary factors influencing the economy, since citizens with average incomes mainly spend them within the country, and public sector workers belong to the category of citizens with average incomes. level of income.

Last October, Labor Minister Topilin said that wages increased by 11.4% in 2018. The minister noted that according to Rosstat, Russians’ incomes are growing at an “unprecedented pace.”

At the same time, political scientist Andrei Kolyadin clarifies that it is quite difficult to simultaneously bring the salaries of public sector employees to the average income level in the regions.

This is a very expensive path, so the process of increasing the wages of public sector workers must be carried out in stages, gradually bringing the income of public sector employees to the planned level.

In addition, it is worth paying attention to the fact that this year it is planned to implement a whole range of social support measures for Russians.

For example, the minimum and maximum amount of unemployment benefits will almost double: the minimum benefit will reach one and a half thousand rubles (against the previous 850), and the maximum will be eight thousand (from 4900).

At the same time, citizens of pre-retirement age (who have no more than five years left before retirement) can count on a benefit in the amount of 11,280 rubles.

Real growth in salaries of public sector employees in Russia

In addition to increasing the VAT rate from 18 to 20%, increasing housing and communal services tariffs and travel costs, in the new year 2019, Russians will see a number of other innovations, for example, an increase in the minimum wage. This year, its value will be 11,280 rubles and will be equal to the cost of living established in the second quarter of 2018 for the country’s working population.

Despite the relatively small amount, the increase in the minimum wage will affect the wages of 3.7 million working citizens.

Important! The most significant jump in prices is expected in the first six months of the year (by approximately 4% or more), which is ultimately guaranteed to block the indexation of wages of public sector workers planned for October.

According to Dmitry Medvedev, said in summing up the results of the outgoing 2018, the state has a plan to combat poverty in the country, but the Prime Minister did not provide details of its implementation.

Nevertheless, the problem of impoverishment of the country's population has been and remains one of the key themes of the economy. Contrary to official data that Russia has reached the lowest level of unemployment, the majority of citizens are barely staying afloat, given rising prices and critically low wages in some regions.

From the end of 2014 to the beginning of 2018, the level of income of citizens in Russia continuously decreased. On average, ten to fifteen percent of income was lost by the country's population over four years.

In 2018, the government of the Russian Federation raised wages for officials and public sector employees. Salaries of employees of federal institutions were increased by 4%.

Also this year, official salaries of employees of government agencies were increased by 1.04 times. The country's finance minister said that state employees will receive a more significant increase.

Increasing wages for public sector employees

The country's leadership, despite unfavorable economic indicators, decided to increase the salaries of public sector employees by 15-16% annually. Since the average salary level differs by region, the increase will be different. State employees are people who work in government firms and organizations.

The government has announced a list of budget employees whose salaries will be increased in Russia from January 1, 2018:

cultural workers;
treasury staff;
persons working in migration and social services;
employees in the tax sector;
customs officers;
Russians working in the courts, police, army and prosecutor's office;
citizens working in hospitals and clinics;
officials of the administrative apparatus and ministries;
Russians working in kindergartens and schools.

Employees of private institutions cannot count on salary increases. Also, the bonus is not provided for the following professions: personnel workers, social workers, accountants, programmers and IT workers, engineers, cleaners, mechanics and lawyers.

By what percentage will the salaries of public sector employees be increased?

In order to pay salaries to employees in the public sector, politicians and experts offer 3 options for raising money to increase salaries: the first is an increase in taxation (excise taxes, value added tax, income tax), the second is a reduction in spending on the country's defense (reducing expenses from 3 to 6 percent), the third is the use of reserve funds from various funds.

Experts, taking into account the fact that regional budgets are filled from 5 to 25 percent from tax surveys in some manufacturing sectors, are inclined towards this method of taxation and replenishing the country’s budget.

The 4% salary increase is determined by the inflation rate and the coefficient approved by officials. The minimum increase in salaries for Russians in the public sector is 3.8%. If federal subsidies are not provided, then regional authorities will need to find financial reserves on their own. Funding will only be available after reducing social and economic programs and increasing taxation on private entrepreneurs and organizations.

Analysts are confident that the salary increase has both positive and negative consequences for the Russian economy. For Russians, increasing salaries helps improve their standard of living, but at the same time a number of additional difficulties arise, especially in small businesses and the industrial sector.

About the salaries of officials in 2018

The head of the country signed a decree on increasing salaries for diplomats, justice officials, and government employees. The increase will affect almost all officials. It is promised to increase wages for Kremlin employees, employees of ministries and departments, employees of the prosecutor's office and courts and other categories.

About 4.5 million citizens can count on salary increases of up to 35-38%. This is due to the fact that a moratorium was imposed on increasing the salaries of civil servants, and now the government wants to provide people with this kind of compensation.

Now the highest salary that an official working in the presidential administration receives is 216 thousand rubles per month. More than 1.5 thousand people belong to this category of civil servants. Employees of the Federal Archives and representatives of ministries receive the smallest salaries (from 38 to 53 thousand rubles).

Salaries of employees of federal institutions from January 1, 2018 will increase by 4% by Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 6, 2017 No. 2716r “On increasing, from January 1, 2018, wages for employees of federal government, budgetary and autonomous institutions, employees of federal government bodies, as well as civilian personnel military units”, published on the legal information website.

In accordance with the document, federal government bodies and institutions must take measures to increase, from January 1, 2018, by 4% the wages of employees of federal government, budgetary and autonomous institutions provided from the federal budget. The increase should also apply to employees of federal government agencies, civilian personnel of military units, institutions and divisions of federal government agencies that provide for military and equivalent service, whose wages are paid on the basis of the Unified tariff schedule for remuneration of employees of federal government agencies.

ORDER

Federal state bodies, federal state institutions - the main managers of federal budget funds, including those under the jurisdiction of federal state institutions, take measures to increase from January 1, 2018 by 4 percent the wages provided from the federal budget:

employees of federal government, budgetary and autonomous institutions;

employees of federal government bodies, as well as civilian personnel of military units, institutions and divisions of federal executive authorities, in which the law provides for military and equivalent service, whose remuneration is carried out in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 5, 2008 N 583 “On the introduction of new systems of remuneration for employees of federal budgetary, autonomous and government institutions and federal government bodies, as well as civilian personnel of military units, institutions and divisions of federal executive authorities, in which the law provides for military and equivalent service, the remuneration of which is carried out based on the Unified Tariff Schedule for remuneration of employees of federal government institutions.”

Chairman of the Government

Russian Federation

D.MEDVEDEV

The last time the salary for this group of people was increased was in October 2013. By another Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 2, 2017 No. 1456 “On increasing the official salaries of employees of federal government agencies holding positions that are not positions in the federal state civil service,” increased by 4% the official salaries of employees of federal government agencies working in positions not related to categories of the federal state civil service.

GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION

ON INCREASING THE SALARIES OF FEDERAL EMPLOYEES

STATE BODIES FILLING POSITIONS,

NON-FEDERAL POSTS

STATE CIVIL SERVICE

The Government of the Russian Federation decides:

To increase from January 1, 2018 by 1.04 times the official salaries of employees of federal government bodies holding positions that are not positions in the federal state civil service, established by the annex to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 24, 2007 N 176 “On remuneration of employees” federal state bodies filling positions that are not positions of the federal state civil service" and increased in accordance with the resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 24, 2007 N 702 "On increasing from December 1, 2007 the salaries of employees of federal state bodies replacing positions that are not positions in the federal state civil service”, dated March 29, 2008 N 226 “On increasing, from February 1, 2008, the salaries of employees of federal government bodies holding positions that are not positions in the federal state civil service”, dated 29 September 2008 N 721 “On the increase from October 1, 2008 in the salaries of employees of federal government bodies holding positions that are not positions in the federal state civil service”, dated May 14, 2012 N 477 “On the increase from October 1, 2012 d. the amount of official salaries of employees of federal state bodies holding positions that are not positions of the federal state civil service" and dated October 12, 2013 N 912 "On increasing the amount of official salaries of employees of federal state bodies filling positions that are not positions of the federal state civil service services."
The costs associated with the implementation of this resolution shall be financed from budgetary allocations provided for the main managers of federal budget funds by the federal law on the federal budget for the corresponding financial year.

Chairman of the Government

Russian Federation

D.MEDVEDEV

Let us also recall that trade unions have repeatedly stated the need to increase the level of wages for those categories of workers that are not discussed in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2012.

In addition, at the end of November, the Government allocated more than 200 million rubles to increase the salaries of employees of cultural institutions and 3.6 billion rubles for those employed in the field of education and science.

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“A huge army of people were not included in the compensation part of the May 2012 decrees regarding the salaries of employees in public sector sectors. In total, more than 14.5 million people are employed in public sector sectors in Russia; the annual indexation of salaries affected no more than 9 million. If we take the real statistics regarding of all categories of workers in these areas, then in my opinion, more than 7 million workers can count on the indexation announced by the president on January 1, 2018.

The May decrees determined the indexed categories of employees very selectively. In the medical field, only medical workers were included in them; technical personnel were not included. In the educational sector, the picture is similar - only teachers received annual compensation for inflation; other employees in this public sector could not count on an increase. In January, it will affect state employees working in the transport sector, culture and all others - this is a huge army of Russians,” the specialist emphasized.

Today, during the “Direct Line”, Russian President Vladimir Putin, in response to complaints from public sector workers about low wages, announced: from January 1, 2018, salaries for all public sector employees will be indexed. Including categories that were not included in the “May decrees”. “In another category of the budgetary sector, which was not included in the May decrees, it is more complicated. They were not indexed, despite the fact that prices had risen, inflation was significant, the year before last it was 12.9%. But there was no indexation. This, of course, is unfair, I agree. I spoke with the government about this. They have an instruction - from January 1, 2018, their income will be indexed,” Putin said.

“In fact, millions of Russians will receive a salary increase of about 4% - the exact level of inflation this year, of course, is calculated next year. This is a serious step on the part of the government, significantly increasing the burden on the federal budget. However, you need to understand: the country’s leadership is making this practice permanent. does not put it, this is a one-time action designed to support all employees of the country’s public sector,” the expert emphasizes.