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Magnesium is in fourth place in abundance in the human body after potassium, iron and calcium and takes part in many vital metabolic processes. It is one of the main regulators of the central nervous system, participates in the processes of phosphorus and carbohydrate metabolism, and is found in teeth and bones. Reduces neuromuscular excitability, has a vasodilator and antiseptic effect, enhances bile secretion and intestinal motor function, and promotes the removal of harmful cholesterol from the body.

Magnesium affects protein synthesis, carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism, participates as an activator or cofactor of many enzymes (hexokinase, enolase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylase, etc.), and is in an antagonistic relationship with calcium ions.

You need to be careful when taking medications containing this microelement; despite its non-toxicity for the human body, its excess can cause no less unpleasant and severe symptoms in the body than its deficiency.

Causes of excess magnesium

Fearing the negative impact of magnesium deficiency on the body, you may encounter another, no less dangerous problem - overdose. Magnesium is not a toxic trace element and the maximum permissible limit for humans has not been determined.

It is worth noting that its excess is a fairly rare occurrence, but if this happens, the cause of the symptoms should be established.

An excess of magnesium in the body is sometimes much worse than hypovitaminosis. In most cases, the causes of its excess are related to the adrenal glands and thyroid gland. The use of psychotropic drugs (prescribed for the treatment of certain mental illnesses) also contributes to an excess of trace elements in the body.

Excess magnesium often accompanies cancer. During the process of cancerous changes in the body, the metabolism of the microelement changes significantly; if the study reveals an increased level of magnesium, it is likely that cancer develops.

Increased amounts of the microelement can be observed in children who drink large quantities of mineral water and eat modified milk. You should definitely pay attention to the content of magnesium ions in the water your child drinks. Kidneys in children do not work as efficiently as in adults, so excess trace elements are not completely excreted in the urine, but tend to accumulate.

An excess of magnesium in the body sometimes occurs due to excessive consumption of this element. When taking vitamin and mineral preparations, you must correctly calculate the dose and consult a specialist.

Symptoms caused by excess magnesium depend on the amount of this element in the body. If a person has a healthy excretory system, the kidneys remove excess trace elements, but if their functioning is disrupted, it accumulates in the body and adversely affects the condition of the body. When its level is too high, the most common health disorders are observed, which include:

dizziness;
increased fatigue;
deterioration of kidney function;
hypotension;
hypocalcemia;
digestive system disorders;
breathing problems;
impaired coordination and speech;
weak heartbeat and arrhythmia;
circulatory arrest;
coma;
in extremely rare cases, death.

Along with the above symptoms, dyslexia is added, a condition in which it is impossible to master reading skills. The activity of the parathyroid and thyroid glands increases significantly. The risk of developing arthritis and psoriasis increases significantly, and muscle atrophy manifests itself. The person experiences apathy and low blood pressure.

With an excess of magnesium, dry mucous membranes are observed, and a person feels unquenchable thirst. A high concentration of microelement in the body can inhibit the absorption of calcium. In women, an excess of the microelement is manifested by characteristic symptoms: increased symptoms of PMS, menstrual irregularities, and dry skin.

If the level of a microelement in the body is not reduced, the consequences will only worsen and the symptoms will only progress.

If similar symptoms appear while taking medications containing magnesium, you should immediately consult a doctor to adjust the dosage of the drug and undergo a medical examination.

First aid and treatment for magnesium overdose

The consequences of an overdose are serious and very dangerous; if there is an excess of magnesium in the body, the victim must be given first aid. To prevent serious consequences, you need to stop taking magnesium so that it stops being absorbed into the blood. If the drug was taken orally, it is necessary to rinse the stomach with plenty of water. Intravenous administration of calcium or gluconate, substances that have a neutralizing effect on magnesium, is allowed.

Such actions are carried out under the supervision of a doctor who will monitor the condition of the victim and then send him to the hospital. The medical institution will carefully monitor the amount of substances in the body, and treatment will be prescribed for an overdose of microelements in the body. However, this does not mean that you should completely abandon the use of micronutrients. It is a very significant and important element, without which the normal functioning of the human body is impossible.

Magnesium is an important chemical element, but its excess in the body is more dangerous than its deficiency. Before you start taking medications containing a microelement, you need to make sure that you have no contraindications to it.

It provides oxygen to green plants and converts solar energy into matter. Plants are eaten by animals. In turn, we eat foods of plant and animal origin. That is, all living nature is fed by chlorophyll, and its basis is magnesium.

Some statistics...

About 40% of people in the world suffer from magnesium deficiency, and women are 3-4 times more likely than men. What is associated with the characteristics of the female body: the birth of children, menstruation, and so on.

What is the importance of magnesium?

Magnesium is the fourth most important mineral for the human body after potassium, calcium and sodium.

It has been proven that magnesium is involved in more than 300 biochemical reactions:

* Improves the body's absorption of calcium, sodium and potassium, helping them penetrate into the cell. Thanks to this, the bones are strengthened, the heart muscle is strengthened, and metabolism is improved.

* Promotes the penetration of nutrients into all cells of the body and the removal of toxins (waste products of microbes and viruses, poisons) and waste products (for example, carbon dioxide) from them.

* Participates in the synthesis of cell DNA (a molecule that carries genetic information, which it transmits from generation to generation), as well as in the division and restoration of all cells of the body.

* Promotes the absorption of vitamins (B1, B6, C and others), as well as their transfer into cells.

* Takes part in protein synthesis (the main building material of all organs and tissues).

* Improves the transmission of nerve impulses.

* Regulates the tone and contractility of skeletal muscles, blood vessels and heart, stomach, intestines, gall bladder.

* Thus, without magnesium, coordinated work of the entire body is impossible.

How does magnesium work in the body?

Nervous system

Magnesium is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses, reducing neuromuscular excitability. With a lack of magnesium, the nerve cell does not relax, so a person is easily irritated over trifles, is more susceptible to stress, suffers from headaches and insomnia, is tearful, and gets tired quickly.

It has been proven that during times of stress, magnesium is very quickly absorbed by nerve cells, using it to transmit nerve impulses and solve the problem. That is, the more a person is exposed to stress, the less magnesium in the body, so disorders of the nervous system are aggravated. Thus, a vicious circle is formed.

Musculoskeletal system

Calcium and magnesium are physiological partners: without magnesium, calcium is not absorbed in the intestines and is not absorbed in the bones. Therefore, calcium settles in the joints, leading to their ossification and decreased mobility, and in the bones - to the development of osteoporosis.

And at the same time, calcium, with a lack of magnesium, rushes into the muscles. And calcium is a mineral that causes muscles to contract, preventing it from relaxing. Therefore, there are often convulsive muscle contractions: tics, twitching, cramps in the calf muscles (in 75% of cases, it is the lack of magnesium that causes all cases of cramps in the calf muscles).

In addition, a lack of magnesium sometimes causes calcium to settle in the kidneys and gallbladder, leading to the formation of stones.

The cardiovascular system

About a fifth of all magnesium contained in the body is normally found in the heart muscle and blood vessels (most of all in the vessels of the brain). It is important to remember that with a lack of magnesium, calcium also rushes into the heart muscle, which prevents it from relaxing.

Normally, magnesium relaxes blood vessels and maintains their elasticity, improving blood circulation in all organs and systems (brain, gastrointestinal tract, lungs and others). Thanks to which they receive more oxygen and nutrients. In addition, magnesium thins the blood, preventing excessive blood clots.

Magnesium improves the conduction of impulses and the contractility of the heart muscle, and also normalizes metabolism in it.

Therefore, when taking magnesium:

Headaches, which are based on vasospasm, are reduced. For example, scientists from the University of Tennessee (USA) have proven that in patients with migraines, taking magnesium reduces the number, severity and duration of headache attacks by 80%.

The number of arteriosclerotic plaques on the walls of blood vessels is reduced.

Cholesterol is removed from the body.

The heart rate and blood pressure are regulated, and the development of stroke is prevented.

Magnesium and diabetes

Magnesium enhances the production of insulin by the pancreas and increases the permeability of the cell membrane. Thereby facilitating the penetration of glucose into cells. Therefore, taking magnesium reduces the risk of developing diabetes in people who have a hereditary predisposition to this disease.

The role of magnesium in child development

Magnesium is an essential mineral from the moment a child is conceived, as well as throughout the entire period of its intensive growth and development. Judge for yourself: magnesium helps a woman carry a pregnancy, improves oxygen supply to the fetus, and much more.

However, the most important task of magnesium is to help the child adapt to a society and world that places high demands on him.

The baby experiences the very first and greatest stress when, leaving the mother’s womb, he appears in a dazzling, large and noisy world. Having matured a little, the baby begins to attend kindergarten and school, takes exams, tries to find mutual understanding with peers and teachers, he is negatively affected by family troubles, and so on.

Of course, such events are stressful for the baby’s fragile nervous system. Although at the initial stage, stress has a beneficial effect on the child’s body, helping to mobilize strength to solve the problem. For example, in the first days of school, a child enthusiastically talks about his peers, how he wakes up independently in the morning and does his homework. However, later the strength is depleted, and the child becomes irritable, whiny, and so on.

And how the baby copes with problems depends a lot. After all, one child endures school everyday life without much difficulty (gets good grades, easily finds a common language with peers). While the other is frightened by all the events of school life to such an extent that he develops stomach pains, headaches, loses his appetite, and so on. This kid needs help. Because the more the stressful situation increases, the more magnesium consumption by cells increases, and the less magnesium in the body, the more the nervous system suffers.

How do you know if your child needs additional sources of magnesium?

Symptoms of stress

the child has quite a variety, but they can be combined into groups, distributed by age:

The baby refuses to eat, becomes irritable, and his sleep is suddenly and unexpectedly disturbed (for example, he refuses naps or wakes up too early).

The child may again return to the pacifier, begin to urinate in his pants or in the bed. He develops excessive fears, aggressive behavior, uncontrollable outbursts of bad mood, tears as a reaction to everything new, and hyperactivity.

You can read more about hyperactivity in children on our website in the articles:

The child often complains of causeless pain and discomfort in the abdomen (sometimes vomiting), and refuses to attend school and contact with peers.

He develops inexplicable anxiety or fear, nervous tics (twitching of the eyelid, neck muscles) and stereotypical movements (turning the head, movements in the arms or legs, flexion and extension of fingers, and so on), repeated at certain intervals or occurring at night.

The baby often has low self-esteem, disturbed sleep and appetite, and decreased memory. At this age, the child usually comes to understand that all children are different. As a result, competition appears, which can adversely affect the child’s nervous system.

The role of magnesium for women's health

Magnesium is the #1 mineral for every woman. Because it is necessary for a normal menstrual cycle and libido (sex drive), as well as reducing the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome (irritability, tearfulness).

It is important to remember that when taking oral contraceptives, magnesium is eliminated from the body very quickly, so it is necessary to replenish it.

When a woman lacks magnesium, water is retained in the body. Therefore, she quickly loses her beauty: she looks tired, swollen, pale, and the skin loses its elasticity.

Moreover, together with many minerals and vitamins (potassium, folic acid and others), magnesium is responsible for the normal course of pregnancy, childbirth and fetal development. You can learn more about this in our article Magnesium. Importance for women during pregnancy and fetal development

The most common causes of magnesium deficiency

All kinds of diets. Young women who are trying hard to lose weight are especially at risk. In this case, magnesium is supplied in insufficient quantities.

Abuse of laxatives, since food transits through the gastrointestinal tract, and magnesium and many other nutrients do not have time to be absorbed.

Consuming large amounts of easily digestible carbohydrates (for example, sweets, baked goods), carbonated drinks. Because the absorption of magnesium in the gastrointestinal tract is impaired.

Any diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, colitis, biliary dyskinesia, peptic ulcer). Magnesium deficiency is caused by impaired digestion, so it is not sufficiently absorbed in the intestines.

Smoking and alcohol abuse, since nicotine and alcohol remove magnesium from the body.

Endocrine diseases (for example, decreased or increased thyroid function), taking hormonal contraceptives. Since the absorption of magnesium by cells is disrupted and its removal from the body is accelerated.

Eating disorders: over-salted food, consumption of large quantities and regularly of fast food, smoked foods, dried foods, abuse of coffee, and so on. This diet promotes rapid removal of magnesium from the body.

Long-term use of medications (especially for the treatment of chronic diseases), as they wash magnesium out of the body.

How to determine magnesium deficiency?

Laboratory tests are not informative for determining the level of magnesium in the body, since only 1% of it is in the blood, the remaining 99% is in the cells.

Therefore, it is better to focus on

symptoms of magnesium deficiency:

Changes in the gastrointestinal tract - a tendency to constipation, difficulty swallowing and a feeling of a lump in the throat, causeless spasmodic pain throughout the abdomen without a clear localization (location).

Nervous system - insomnia, irritability, tearfulness, unreasonable fears, headaches and sudden dizziness, memory impairment, sudden mood swings, nightmares.

Musculoskeletal system - convulsive muscle contractions (most often the calf muscles), tics, muscle weakness and rapid fatigue, decreased sensitivity of the limbs.

Cardiovascular system - increased blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances, aching pain in the heart area, vascular spasm (therefore the limbs are often cold).

On a note

All these symptoms occur in other diseases. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is supported by the fact that after prescribing magnesium supplements, the symptoms of its deficiency decrease.

How much does it weigh in grams?

A healthy adult's daily requirement for magnesium is mg.

In children, the need for magnesium depends on age: up to six months - 40 mg, from six months to one year - 60 mg, from one to three years - 80 mg, from four to six years - 120 mg, from seven to 10 years - 170 mg, from eleven to fourteen years 280 mg, over 15 years - mg.

What foods contain magnesium?

The richest in magnesium are bran, dried fruits, pine and walnuts, banana, peanuts, pistachios, buckwheat and barley, peas, beans, seaweed, oatmeal, millet, almonds, fresh vegetables and fruits.

And if a person is healthy, then by consuming these foods, he receives a sufficient amount of magnesium.

However, with nervous stress and any diseases, during pregnancy the body's need for magnesium increases.

In addition, it must be remembered that during heat treatment a significant part of magnesium is destroyed. Therefore, additional intake of magnesium into the body is necessary.

How can you restore magnesium deficiency in the body?

Medicines containing magnesium and vitamin B6 are prescribed. Because vitamin B6 promotes the absorption of magnesium in the intestines and is its conductor into cells. In turn, magnesium helps vitamin B6 move from an inactive form to an active one.

The most common drugs are Magnesium B6, Magnelis B6, Magnesium plus.

In addition, magnesium is found in dietary supplements (for example, Bio-Magnesium). But before using them, you need to make sure that the manufacturer is officially registered in the country, and that the drug itself contains a sufficient amount of magnesium.

However, in some cases it is preferable to prescribe magnesium in combination with potassium (Panangin). For example, for cardiovascular diseases. Because thanks to this combination, the work of the heart muscle is normalized many times faster.

As you can see, magnesium really plays a huge role in the human body. However, it is necessary to remember that magnesium preparations should not be taken on your own, but it is better to consult a doctor. After all, an excess of magnesium is also dangerous, since in this case vitamins are removed from the body.

Excess magnesium in the body: signs and elimination

You need to be careful when taking medications containing this microelement; despite its non-toxicity for the human body, its excess can cause no less unpleasant and severe symptoms in the body than its deficiency.

Causes of excess magnesium

It is worth noting that its excess is a fairly rare occurrence, but if this happens, the cause of the symptoms should be established.

An increased amount of the microelement can be observed in children who drink large quantities of mineral water and eat modified milk. You should definitely pay attention to the content of magnesium ions in the water your child drinks. Kidneys in children do not work as efficiently as in adults, so excess trace elements are not completely excreted in the urine, but tend to accumulate.

Symptoms of excess magnesium

dizziness;
increased fatigue;
deterioration of kidney function;
hypotension;
hypocalcemia;
digestive system disorders;
breathing problems;
impaired coordination and speech;
weak heartbeat and arrhythmia;
circulatory arrest;
coma;
in extremely rare cases, death.

If the level of a microelement in the body is not reduced, the consequences will only worsen and the symptoms will only progress.

If similar symptoms appear while taking medications containing magnesium, you should immediately consult a doctor to adjust the dosage of the drug and undergo a medical examination.

First aid and treatment for magnesium overdose

Excess Magnesium in the body

The human body contains approximately 25 g of magnesium. In liquids there is approximately 0.5-1% of this substance, in soft and muscle tissues - about 50%. The rest is in the bones.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this element in the body. Magnesium takes part in various body reactions associated with enzymatic activity. Therefore, a deficiency of this important element negatively affects the condition of the heart muscle, the condition of blood vessels, as well as the nervous, bone, connective and soft tissues.

In order to compensate for magnesium deficiency, a person begins to use products containing it. If you do not follow the dosage or use it for a long time, an overdose may develop.

Description

Magnesium is a chemical component. It is a light, grayish metal, reminiscent of silver in appearance. This component is found in the tissues of animals and plants in the form of oxides and salts.

It enters the human body with food, but this amount is usually not enough for its normal functioning. Therefore, very often doctors prescribe medications that contain magnesium. Indications for the use of magnesium are:

Heart diseases;
Stress;
During gestation, with eclampsia, late toxicosis, with the threat of early labor;
Signs of hypomagnesemia;
Barium chloride intoxication;
Treatment of arterial hypertension;
Brain concussion.

Magnesium has found its active use in the pharmaceutical field. It is used to produce medications that are designed to compensate for the deficiency of this chemical element. Magnesium is also present in various multivitamin supplements.

Contraindications for use

Like any drug, Magnesium preparations also have some contraindications for use. This:

The patient has hypersensitivity to the components of the drug (both primary and additional);
Presence of bradycardia;
Arterial hypotension;
Time before labor (about 2 hours);
Kidney failure.

Preparations with magnesium

We list the most common medications that contain this element. These are magnesium sulfate, Magne B6, Magnerot, Magvit, Cardiomagnyl.

Cardiomagnyl

The active components of this drug are magnesium hydroxide and acetylsalicylic acid. The drug is produced in tablet form, the tablets are coated with a thin film-like coating.

Contraindications to the use of this medicine are the first and second trimester of pregnancy, the lactation period, and age less than 18 years. If a person has hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid, then he should also not use this drug.

Other contraindications for use are bronchial asthma, stomach ulcers, tendency to develop bleeding, combined use with ibuprofen and alcoholic beverages.

Magne B6

The product has the following active ingredients: vitamin B6 and magnesium lactate. The components have a positive effect on the absorption of each other in the body. The drug is produced in tablet form, as well as in ampoules.

Children under 6 years of age should not use the medicine in tablet form. The solution is allowed to be used by children over 1 year of age. You should not use the drug together with products containing calcium, since calcium prevents magnesium from being absorbed normally in the body.

It is important to know that MagneB6 contains fructose, so people who have an allergic reaction to this component should also avoid taking the drug.

Magwit

A product that is similar in its effect and composition to Magne B6. But the main difference is that Magvit does not contain lactate. This component is replaced by magnesium citrate. Magvit should not be taken by persons with hypomagnesemia.

Persons who cannot tolerate milk sugar should also avoid this product because it contains lactose. Additional contraindications for use: low blood pressure, childhood.

During pregnancy, as well as during breastfeeding, the drug can be prescribed by the attending physician if indicated.

Magnesium sulfate

The active component of this product is magnesium sulfate. Produced in powder form, as well as in ampoules. The product provides an antispasmodic effect.

Magnesium sulfate has the ability to reduce blood pressure, so you should not use it during hypertensive crises. Sometimes doctors prescribe Magnesium sulfate to prevent atherosclerosis.

If the drug is injected into the muscles or into a vein, a sharp depression of respiratory function occurs. That is why the drug must be administered slowly, while monitoring the patient’s condition.

If during administration a person begins to breathe poorly, then a medicine containing calcium is administered. This ensures that the absorption of Magnesium sulfate is stopped.

Magnerot

The active component of this medicine is magnesium orotate. Produced in tablet form.

The therapeutic course can be long without negative consequences for the body in the absence of contraindications to the use of the drug. The medicine can provoke poisoning only in those people who used it for renal failure.

The drug contains lactose, so people who have severe hypersensitivity to this element should avoid taking it. Additional contraindications for use are liver cirrhosis, urolithiasis, under the age of 18 years.

For pregnant women, as well as lactating mothers, Magnerot can only be prescribed by a doctor, if there are certain indications.

Overdose and its symptoms

If a person is completely healthy, then excess magnesium is excreted from the body without negative consequences. Poisoning with this element is not common. This usually happens in people with impaired kidney function. Symptoms of an overdose are as follows:

The walls of the gastrointestinal tract are irritated, diarrhea occurs;
Respiratory function is depressed. Poisoning greatly compresses the chest, and as a result of such compression, it becomes difficult to fill the lungs with oxygen. Therefore, all medications that contain magnesium should not be used by persons who have bronchial asthma;
There is a strong decrease in blood pressure;
Heart rate increases;
There is nausea, vomiting;
There is no patella reflex.

After poisoning with a product containing magnesium, magnesium ions are formed in the bloodstream. They have a powerful antidepressant effect and have a strong effect on the nervous system.

To some extent, the nervous system loses control over the muscular system. This provokes the development of disturbances in the functioning of the heart muscle. There are no reflexes, respiratory function is depressed. Such symptoms begin to occur if magnesium in the bloodstream is increased to 4 mEq per liter.

Death is possible if magnesium is present in the blood in an amount of 12 mEq per liter.

First aid and treatment

An overdose of magnesium is a very dangerous condition. Therefore, when the first symptoms are identified, it is necessary to provide assistance to the poisoned person as quickly as possible.

If the drug was taken orally, then gastric lavage should be performed - give the victim a large amount of water to drink, and then induce vomiting (by pressing on the root of the tongue with your fingers). Also, agents such as calcium chloride and gluconate are administered orally.

Calcium supplements neutralize the effect of magnesium.

A poisoned person must be taken to the hospital. If the patient has kidney failure, hemodialysis is performed. Control the presence of magnesium ions in urine and blood. If these components are present in large quantities, then additional measures are taken.

conclusions

Magnesium performs important functions in the body; a deficiency of this element causes a malfunction of all systems. But if magnesium is in excess, then this is an even more dangerous condition.

Therefore, when using medications that contain magnesium, you need to make sure that you have no contraindications to its use. You need to adhere to the dosage that your doctor has chosen for you. Also, under no circumstances should you self-medicate.

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Magnesium in the human body

Magnifique means magnificent. The element of the periodic table, magnesium, gets its name from this French word.

In the open air, this substance burns very effectively, with a magnificent bright flame. Hence the magnesium. However, magnesium is great not only because it burns beautifully.

Magnesium is an important trace element for all human organs, which is why it is called the “metal of life.” It was discovered by Devy in 1808, and 20 years later the French chemist Bussy was able to obtain magnesium chloride.

The human body contains approximately 70 g of magnesium (magnesium), about 60% is in the bones, the remaining amount in the liquid environment, soft tissues and muscles, high concentrations of magnesium in the cells of the brain and heart.

Metabolism: Magnesium is an element that is involved in most key physiological processes. It is extremely important for the normal functioning of cells, muscles and especially nerve tissue. The human body is not able to synthesize magnesium on its own and therefore receives it only through food. Magnesium is necessary for all body systems without exception; it “starts the work” of many enzymes involved in energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Only 300 biochemical enzymatic processes depend directly on it, and indirectly - several orders of magnitude more, including with the participation of an energy-saving molecule - adenosine triphosphate, ADP. Most active in those related to energy utilization.

For example, magnesium plays an important role in the prevention of diabetes.

Magnesium is also needed for the production of protein, DNA, for the breakdown of glucose, removing toxins from the body, for the absorption of vitamin C, thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6). Magnesium contributes to the stability of the cell structure during growth and takes part in the process of regeneration of body cells.

Interaction with calcium: magnesium, interacting with calcium, is involved in various processes - in regulating the tone of blood vessels and in muscle contraction. Calcium is needed to contract the smooth muscles of blood vessels, while magnesium is needed to relax muscles and dilate arteries.

Magnesium can affect calcium levels by influencing hormones that control calcium absorption and metabolism, as well as influencing the distribution of calcium in the body at the cellular level. An optimal diet requires a calcium to magnesium ratio of 2:1.

Movement of ions: magnesium helps maintain the electrical potential of membranes and the penetration of calcium, sodium, and potassium ions through them. It also takes part in the transmission of nerve impulses.

Effect of insulin: actively interacting with insulin, it is able to increase its secretion and improve penetration into cells.

This macroelement “works” for our beauty from the inside and regulates hundreds of important processes. It is necessary to ensure the energy metabolism of skin cells, the complete metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Magnesium deficiency can cause a slowdown in metabolic processes and, as a result, affect water-salt metabolism in the body. Also, its deficiency can negatively affect the synthesis of collagen, which is responsible for the density and strength of connective tissue. Poor skin, hair and nails may also be one of the first signs of magnesium deficiency.

The fact is that physiologically, all extreme exposures lead to increased release of adrenal hormones and increased adrenaline in the blood. This removes magnesium from cells through the kidneys. Therefore, almost all stress can be treated with magnesium.

Reproductive function and magnesium

Magnesium performs the following functions:

ensures normal tone of the uterus;
ensures balance in the blood coagulation system;
strengthens connective tissue;
participates in blood pressure control;
supports normal placental function.

has a beneficial effect on bone growth, prevents their fragility and fragility;
coordinates heart rhythm, reduces high blood pressure;
nervous system: reduces irritability, fatigue, has an anti-stress effect, eliminates insomnia, spasms, relaxes muscles.;

In addition, independent research by Russian scientists - professors of the International Institute of Microelements "UNESCO" A.A. Spasova, Ya.I. Marshak - showed that restoring normal magnesium levels reduces cravings for alcohol, drugs and smoking, and therapy with “heavy artillery” - special magnesium-containing drugs - is especially effective in treating addiction.

For all its importance, magnesium is also the most vulnerable microelement in our body. Its balance is very easy to upset.

The daily requirement of an adult for magnesium is mg, for children - 200 mg.

Pregnant women (450 mg), athletes and people subjecting themselves to high physical activity (600 mg) have an increased need.

Since this microelement is not produced in the body on its own, this entire dose must come from food. But, unfortunately, over the past 100 years we have begun to receive much less magnesium. Most often this happens due to poor nutrition. In the modern diet there are very few products with the maximum content of magnesium - unrefined cereals, as well as fresh fruits and vegetables. The situation is aggravated by the fast food system, which is based on the use of refined foods, excess sugar and salt, as well as products that remove magnesium from the body - for example, phosphoric acid contained in Coca-Cola and other lemonades, various preservatives and other “E” "

What are the causes of magnesium deficiency?

Magnesium deficiency is one of the most common types of mineral deficiency in many countries.

Magnesium deficiency may be a consequence of the following factors:

Metabolism disorders of this macronutrient;
Deterioration of the absorption process under the influence of excess levels of lipids, calcium, and phosphates.
Impaired absorption of macronutrients in the intestine as a result of the following conditions:

Acute or chronic disease of the small intestine;

Reduction of the absorptive surface of the intestine during radiotherapy, surgery (resection);

Chronic or prolonged diarrhea, steatorrhea, when magnesium binds to non-absorbable fatty acids and is excreted in the stool;

Dysbacteriosis in the colon;

Impaired insulin production.

Insufficient dietary intake: poor nutrition, low-calorie diet,

Drinking soft water

For excessive sweating.

Increased need: for example, during growth, pregnancy, breastfeeding;

In situations of stress and increased mental stress;

During the period of rehabilitation after serious illnesses and injuries.

Taking certain medications can also cause its deficiency (diuretics, cardiac glycosides, antibiotics (especially aminoglycosides, gentamicin), corticosteroids, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc.

Intravenous therapeutic nutrition.

Low solar insolation: winter, work in dark rooms. Vascular (arrhythmia) and gastrointestinal disorders.

Poisoning with cobalt, manganese, cadmium, aluminum, beryllium, lead, nickel.

Paresthesia is a sensitivity disorder characterized by sensations of numbness, tingling, itching, crawling, painful cold, etc.
Hidden or obvious tetany is a pathological condition for which convulsive syndrome and increased neuromuscular excitability are typical: tremors of the limbs, cramps in the calf muscles;

Other symptoms of magnesium deficiency:

fatigue (“chronic fatigue syndrome”), irritability, insomnia, nightmares, difficult awakening (due to untimely production of hormones by the adrenal glands);
depression, tearfulness;
dizziness, headaches;
memory loss;
loss of appetite, cramping stomach pain, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting;
diseases of the cardiovascular system: chest pain, hypertension, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, vasospasms;
disorders of the adrenal glands;
development of the initial stages of diabetes mellitus, urolithiasis and cholelithiasis;
immunodeficiency states, increased likelihood of developing tumor diseases;
brittle hair and nails, dry skin;

Signs of excess magnesium in the body (hypermagnesemia):

Magnesium is not a toxic macronutrient; a lethal dose for humans has not been established. Significant doses over a long period of time can cause poisoning, especially when taken simultaneously with calcium and phosphorus.

Excessive amount of macronutrient intake into the body.
Disorders of magnesium metabolism.

An increase in the level of magnesium in the blood is possible when taking antacids that contain magnesium, or laxatives in patients with chronic renal failure. Deterioration of kidney function (filtration) can cause a significant increase in serum magnesium, for example, in acute renal failure with oliguria.

Excess magnesium can cause:

dyslexia (impaired ability to master reading skills);
hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands;
arthritis;
nephrocalcinosis (deposition of calcium salts in kidney tissue);
psoriasis.

Injections of magnesium sulfate can provoke the following symptoms of intoxication: general depression, lethargy and drowsiness.

The use of magnesium sulfate during pregnancy four times increases the likelihood of developing cerebral palsy in a child.

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the body:

lethargy, drowsiness;
loss of strength, decreased performance;
disorders of the nervous system;
decreased blood pressure;
bradycardia (decreased heart rate);
osteoprosis;
diarrhea

Large concentrations of magnesium can inhibit the absorption of calcium in the body.

How to avoid magnesium deficiency in the body?

With its deficiency, it is very difficult to cope with emotional stress

They talk about iodine or calcium deficiency at every step, but for some reason they keep silent about the problem of magnesium deficiency, complains Olga Gromova, deputy director for scientific work of the Russian Center of the UNESCO Institute of Microelements. - But magnesium deficiency is a real disaster - a third of our compatriots suffer from it!

And not all of them know why, in fact, their nerves are going crazy, their hearts are jumping out of their chests, and looking at the Moon, they want to howl in anguish like a dog...

Even multi-colored candies remove magnesium from the body.

Are your hands shaking? Not enough magnesium!

The problem of magnesium deficiency is now being addressed by leading laboratories in the world. After all, this vital element is considered essential and, in terms of its prevalence in the human body, ranks fourth after sodium, potassium and calcium. Without magnesium, normal functioning of cells, muscles, organs and the entire nervous system is impossible. With its deficiency, it becomes very difficult to cope with emotional stress. The amount of adrenaline increases, and the effects of stress are retained in the body for a long time. As a result, tics, twitching, cramps (especially in the calf muscles), shuddering when falling asleep, sleep disorders, tremors, irritability, a feeling of a lump in the throat, and cardiac arrhythmias appear. Another typical symptom of magnesium deficiency is asthenia: a person begins to get tired for no apparent reason, there is no strength for either work or rest... Many run to psychologists, seek salvation in spa treatments, and the reason is simply a deficiency of the “fourth” element". “Magnesium is a must in the diet of all athletes. And our Olympians accepted it constantly,” says Gromova.

Magnesium is also important for appearance. If there is not enough of it, metabolic processes in the body slow down and the synthesis of collagen, which is responsible for the density and strength of connective tissue, deteriorates. So problems with skin, hair and nails are one of the first symptoms of magnesium deficiency. By maintaining normal magnesium levels, women can significantly reduce the unpleasant symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (swelling, headache, irritability, mood swings, fatigue, weight fluctuations, etc.).

A long-term lack of magnesium can even lead to osteoporosis, the development of which is usually blamed on calcium deficiency. “Calcium is responsible for the strength of bones, and magnesium is responsible for their flexibility. People who lack magnesium develop “bubbles” in their bones, and as a result, the bones become hollow inside, says Professor Gromova. - Osteoporosis is much less common in countries where the diet is dominated by green leafy plants than in countries with high milk consumption. Even in Sweden and Finland, where they love dairy, the percentage of osteoporosis is high.”

Doctors note that the need for magnesium increases during diets, sports activities, mental or mental stress, when consuming large amounts of fatty foods, fast food, coffee, during pregnancy, growth and development, in hot climates, when visiting a bathhouse and with chronic fatigue syndrome ... “Removes” magnesium and stress. Moreover, in his case it turns out to be a vicious circle. On the one hand, stress leads to magnesium deficiency. On the other hand, magnesium deficiency leads to stress. And what comes first here is unclear...

If a woman expecting a new addition to her family does not receive enough of this microelement (and its deficiency is detected in 81.2% of pregnant women in Russia!), this can even lead to malformations in the fetus. In children, magnesium deficiency results in increased nervous excitability, hyperactivity, developmental delays and even obesity.

Magnesium even contributes to life expectancy. “Studies have shown that rats on a magnesium-deficient diet live 40 weeks, on a regular diet 60 weeks, and on a magnesium-enriched diet 80 weeks,” says Olga Gromova.

Let's go green

Experts see the main reason for the rapid spread of magnesium deficiency in the departure from food traditions predetermined by nature. It is pointless to look for useful elements in sweet soda, food with dyes and preservatives, and fast food. Smoking also leads to magnesium deficiency: nicotine and even cigarette smoke displace the microelement from the body. “Food dyes strongly remove magnesium from the body. For example, it is better not to buy sweets of bright colors,” says Professor Gromova. Magnesium is sensitive even to strong noise. For example, after attending a rock concert, you may feel a loss of energy for several days.

Women taking oral contraceptives are at risk for developing magnesium deficiency. These tablets provoke increased excretion of this microelement, as well as the protein peridoskine, which is its transporter. And they should definitely include dietary supplements with magnesium and vitamin B6 in their diet. Otherwise, the matter may end with thromboembolism, gallstones, seborrhea, skin diseases or dental caries.

The deficiency of magnesium in the body can be remedied primarily through proper nutrition. “Try to choose only natural food in stores that has not been industrially processed. Avoid canned food and processed foods. The main sources of magnesium are green leafy plants (especially arugula, lettuce, green onions, cabbage), unprocessed grain bread, seaweed, fish, legumes, dried fruits, bananas, berries, broccoli. For example, 200 grams of spinach contains about 165 mg of magnesium (daily requirement - 400 mg, for pregnant and lactating women - 450 mg). But the absolute record holder for the content of this microelement is brown algae: just 100 grams contain up to 900 mcg of magnesium! Nuts also contain a considerable amount of magnesium, but the problem is that it is very poorly absorbed from this food, especially in children,” says Olga Gromova.

Dark chocolate and Crimean port are rich in magnesium, but doctors do not recommend consuming these products in large quantities. By the way, all other alcoholic drinks, especially vodka, remove magnesium very quickly. But some types of mineral water can help replenish magnesium - however, they also have a laxative effect. In addition, Professor Gromova advises taking medications with magnesium: “They should contain well-absorbed organic magnesium salts in combination with vitamin B6, which improves the absorption of the microelement from the gastrointestinal tract and its penetration into cells.”

It is one of the main regulators of the central nervous system, participates in the processes of phosphorus and carbohydrate metabolism, and is found in teeth and bones. Reduces neuromuscular excitability, has a vasodilator and antiseptic effect, enhances bile secretion and intestinal motor function, and promotes the removal of harmful cholesterol from the body.

Causes of excess magnesium

It is worth noting that its excess is a fairly rare occurrence, but if this happens, the cause of the symptoms should be established.

Symptoms of excess magnesium

dizziness;
increased fatigue;
deterioration of kidney function;
hypotension;
hypocalcemia;
digestive system disorders;
breathing problems;
impaired coordination and speech;
weak heartbeat and arrhythmia;
circulatory arrest;
coma;
in extremely rare cases, death.

If the level of a microelement in the body is not reduced, the consequences will only worsen and the symptoms will only progress.

If similar symptoms appear while taking medications containing magnesium, you should immediately consult a doctor to adjust the dosage of the drug and undergo a medical examination.

First aid and treatment for magnesium overdose

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How to replenish magnesium deficiency in the body - foods and drinks that will help

Magnesium takes part in most vital processes: normalizing blood pressure, strengthening the immune system, and regulating the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Partly thanks to this element, our body is cleansed of waste and toxins and is capable of tissue regeneration. In conditions of an active rhythm of life and many stressful situations, magnesium is simply necessary for a person, as it reduces the release of adrenaline in the body, which makes it easier to experience stress.

Magnesium deficiency - symptoms and causes

The statistics are inexorable, and they show that up to 80% of the adult population experiences magnesium deficiency to one degree or another. Pregnant and lactating women, as well as people who abuse alcohol, are most susceptible to magnesium deficiency.

In medicine, there are primary deficits caused by congenital pathologies, and secondary ones, formed during life.

Fatigue and overwork do not go away even after a good night's sleep.
Your character becomes nervous and irritable; you are capable of screaming or crying over a mere trifle.
Headaches and dizziness, often there is a deterioration in memory and concentration.
The digestive system malfunctions, nausea and diarrhea are possible.
Blood pressure rises, and interruptions in the functioning of the heart are felt.
The skin becomes dry and less sensitive.
During pregnancy, late toxicosis may occur.

The reasons for the lack of an element in the body are varied, they include both traditional factors that cause most problems, for example, poor nutrition or obesity, and specific ones.

Oversaturation of the body with calcium. According to scientists, an excess of one of these two elements leads to a deficiency of the other.
Taking antibiotics, hormonal drugs, and oral contraceptives for a long time.
Diseases of the digestive system. Problems with the gastrointestinal tract can make it difficult to absorb the element. Magnesium levels are especially negatively affected by various intestinal infections that cause vomiting and diarrhea.
Frequent stress.
Hypothermia.

The amount of magnesium in the body of a healthy person should be at the mg mark. It is important to know that more than half of the amount of magnesium is found in bones - 60-70%, slightly less (within 28-38%) - in soft tissues, and only 1-2% - in various liquids.

The daily dose of mineral consumption depends on lifestyle, age, body condition and many other factors.

In addition, when monitoring magnesium levels, you need to remember that every day the kidneys remove up to 30% of the element contained in the body.

How to compensate for magnesium deficiency and what promotes better absorption of the element?

Before replenishing magnesium deficiency, you need to begin to follow the rules that prevent its active removal from the body:

Eliminate coffee and strong alcohol from your diet as much as possible;
Eat less sweets and don't drink carbonated drinks;
Adjust calcium levels in your diet and body.

A “magnesium” menu must also contain cereals; buckwheat, oatmeal and millet are especially rich in them.

The element is found in sufficient quantities in bran bread, as well as in legumes.

Foods and drinks that will help replenish magnesium deficiency:

*According to USDA - United States Department of Agriculture.

On a note! Magnesium, like many other useful elements, is very capricious. If the body is oversaturated with it, negative consequences can occur - with an excess of magnesium, the kidneys suffer, as they cannot cope with the excretion of the element, as a result of which chronic renal failure can develop. It is joined by dyslexia in children (impaired ability to master reading and writing skills), arthritis and psoriasis. But the main danger is that the symptoms of excess magnesium will be similar to the symptoms of its deficiency.

Today, you can find a large number of magnesium-containing drugs in pharmacies, but do not forget that their use (like any other medications) should be agreed with your doctor, especially when it comes to treating children, pregnant and lactating women.

The role of magnesium during pregnancy

Magnesium in the body of a pregnant woman acquires one of the paramount importance, because it not only participates in the development of the fetus, but also prevents premature birth.

Performing a calming function, the element helps the expectant mother not to be nervous and remain calm in any situation. Interestingly, magnesium is involved in the process of transferring genetic information from woman to child. Its role in metabolism, regulation of insulin levels, and prevention of leg cramps is undeniable.

Magnesium deficiency in children during growth

One of the key functions of magnesium that children need is anti-stress. Studying at school and the difficult adolescence require a lot of energy, both physical and emotional. Due to magnesium deficiency, children become irritable and whiny, begin to study worse and quarrel with their parents. Magnesium helps a child remain calm and balanced, sociable and socially oriented.

To prevent a child from encountering magnesium deficiency, it is necessary to ensure that the element enters the body in an amount of 0.05% of body weight. The average daily dose of the element per 1 kg of weight is 5-6 g.

If you notice symptoms of magnesium deficiency or excess, be sure to contact the clinic to undergo the necessary tests and consult a doctor - self-medication with pronounced symptoms can be dangerous!

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the human body

Magnesium is necessary for many biochemical processes in the body. It is involved in the synthesis of enzymes and proteins, and its deficiency negatively affects health. But excess magnesium in the body is no less dangerous, as it can cause cardiac arrest or paralysis of the respiratory muscles.

Description of the element and indications for its purpose

Magnesium is a chemical element whose symbol is Mg, which comes from the Latin word Magnesium. This is a light silver metal. It enters the human body with food, but, as a rule, in insufficient quantities. Indications for its use are the following conditions:

magnesium deficiency, characterized by hypersomnia, spasms, migraine pain, joint inflammation, osteoporosis, problems with bowel movements, arrhythmia;
carrying a child if there is a threat of miscarriage, late toxicosis, eclampsia;
overdose of barium chloride;
high blood pressure;
stress;
brain injuries;
heart pathologies.

Causes of overdose

An excess of magnesium in the body is most often caused by dysfunction of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands.

In addition, magnesium poisoning is possible:

due to taking psychotropic medications that reduce the rate of excretion of magnesium from the body;
an excess of a microelement in the blood can be a sign of cancer;
in children due to the consumption of modified milk and mineral water, since their kidneys have not yet fully formed and, instead of removing the element, accumulate it;
due to the abuse of magnesium preparations, these can be vitamin-mineral complexes, antacids or antiplatelet agents containing this element, such as Maalox, Cardiomagnyl, especially if calcium and phosphorus preparations are simultaneously introduced into the body, since with them it better absorbed;
due to impaired renal function or due to dehydration.

Daily norm of an element

To determine whether there is an excess of an element or not, you need to know how much of it you need to get per day to feel good. The daily diet should contain from 350 to 500 mg of magnesium. About 50% of this dose enters the body with cereals and cereals. In women during pregnancy, the need for it increases to 1 g per day. That is why magnesium B6 is so often prescribed during this period. In addition to magnesium, vitamin B6, which is included in the composition, improves the absorption of the main substance, and also has a positive effect on the heart and central nervous system, which is important during the period of bearing a child.

Demands for the element increase:

due to regular stress;
due to taking certain medications;
in persons suffering from chronic alcoholism.

Signs of poisoning

An overdose of magnesium is even more dangerous than its deficiency, since it affects internal organs.

First of all, the kidneys suffer, which leads to serious pathologies, dehydration and chronic nephropathy develop, and stones begin to be deposited in the kidneys.

Despite the fact that the victim has the ability to learn, he cannot master reading and writing skills.

The activity of the thyroid and parathyroid glands increases. The musculoskeletal system suffers from excess magnesium, inflammation of the joints, psoriasis, depletion of muscle tissue develop, and constant weakness and fatigue are observed.

The mental state of the victim also suffers, complete indifference to many things appears. Magnesium poisoning is accompanied by hypotension. If emergency measures are not taken at this moment, the patient’s condition will only worsen.

Excessive excess magnesium in the body will have the following symptoms:

upset stomach, nausea and vomiting;
lack of urine flow into the bladder, which again provokes excess potassium and magnesium in the body;
heart failure;
decreased reflexes, for example, the patella disappears completely;
change in electrocardiogram;
disturbances in the functioning of the heart, even to the point of cardiac arrest;
coma;
paralysis of the respiratory muscles.

If an excess of an element is observed during the period of bearing a child, then specific signs are observed, namely:

toxicosis;
double vision;
hyperhidrosis;
headache;
hot flashes to the upper body;
sluggish speech;
deterioration of brain activity;
drowsiness;
depressive state.

An excess of magnesium cannot be detected based on the clinical picture. Therefore, in the first trimester, or better yet at the planning stage, you need to undergo tests to determine the level of the element in the body.

The death of the patient is possible when its level increases to 12 mEq/L.

First aid and treatment measures

In case of an overdose of magnesium, the victim needs immediate medical attention. He needs to call an ambulance. If the victim has taken magnesium medications orally, he will need to undergo gastric lavage before the ambulance arrives, of course, if he is conscious. To do this, give the victim clean boiled water to drink and induce artificial vomiting by pressing on the root of the tongue. Gastric lavage is carried out until clear fluid leaves the body.

These manipulations cannot be performed on pregnant women, as miscarriage is possible, on infants and the elderly.

If natural vomiting occurs, it should never be stopped, as it helps remove excess magnesium from the body. You should not take fixatives based on loperamide, since magnesium is also excreted along with feces.

To combat dehydration, it is important to drink plenty of fluids. This can be ordinary boiled water, mineral water without gas, pharmaceutical products for oral rehydration, such as rehydron.

Calcium can neutralize magnesium introduced into the body. Therefore, a solution of calcium chloride or calcium gluconate is injected into the victim’s vein. Depending on the degree of kidney damage, the patient is either prescribed diuretics, or if nephropathy develops, peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis is performed; these methods help save life.

Symptomatic treatment is also carried out. Until the level of magnesium normalizes, its content in the blood and urine is monitored.

Prevention of magnesium poisoning

To prevent intoxication, you should not, after watching enough advertising, take magnesium-containing products yourself, trusting the manufacturers of medications and dietary supplements that excess magnesium will be excreted from the body by the kidneys.

Some gynecologists prescribe drugs such as Magnelis B6 to everyone without any tests in order to receive their percentage of sales from sales representatives. It is better to refuse the services of these specialists. Moreover, vitamin-mineral complexes for pregnant women already contain magnesium.

Patients suffering from heartburn and trying to relieve it with antacids should also remember that many of them contain magnesium. Therefore, you should not abuse them, especially since they only eliminate the symptoms of the disease and do not treat it. It is better to stick to a diet and take medications that restore the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

Also, in order to prevent an overdose of the element, it is important to maintain a drinking regime when taking it, as well as calcium intake. In order for both elements to be well absorbed, the body must receive twice as much magnesium as calcium.

Magnesium is a vital element, and its deficiency causes various pathologies in the body, but its overdose can be even more dangerous, as it can possibly lead to death. Therefore, before taking any magnesium-containing drugs, you must first make sure that there is a deficiency and there are no contraindications to its use.

You should not take it without consulting a doctor; it is the specialist who must select a specific drug and write down a clear regimen for its administration that must be followed. In addition, we must not forget that magnesium is found in food.

Those who want to compensate for the deficiency of the element should include in the diet:

buckwheat and millet;
liver, ham, sausages of good quality;
rabbit, pork and veal.

It must be remembered that an excess of any substance in the body, including magnesium, can cause serious problems. Therefore, if there is an acute or chronic overdose, you should not self-medicate, but should immediately consult a doctor to eliminate the cause and symptoms of intoxication.

This is especially true for pregnant women, children, weakened and elderly patients, since their symptoms of poisoning develop rapidly, and perhaps delay will cost them not only their health, but also their lives.

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What harm does excess magnesium cause to the body?

It is quite difficult to provoke an overdose of magnesium in yourself, because excess of this element is successfully excreted by the kidneys. However, if this happens, an excess of magnesium in the body is felt much worse than its deficiency, and in some situations leads to dire consequences.

The most common causes of hypermagnesemia are:

Chronic or acute kidney dysfunction. If these organs are not working properly, they are unable to remove unnecessary magnesium. In addition to this element, many other unhealthy compounds accumulate in the body, and together this leads to a serious deterioration in well-being.
Hard drinking water. Such properties of the latter are explained by the increased concentration of various salts, including calcium and magnesium, which prevent the heart muscle from working normally, causing chronic arrhythmia.
Overdose of drugs. Sometimes patients themselves exceed the prescribed doses of Mg, and sometimes drugs with magnesium are taken for too long and without medical indications at all. In some cases, when eclampsia is treated in pregnant women, there is an overdose of magnesium sulfate. Elderly people taking antacids and laxatives can also cause hypermagnesemia.

Other possible causes of excess magnesium in the body are serious diseases. If a person has problems with the adrenal glands and/or thyroid gland, this can cause Mg retention in the body. Regular use of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of various psychological disorders leads to the same effect.

In cases of cancer, an excess of Mg may appear due to the fact that cancer leads to changes in body functions, disrupting the metabolism of magnesium. This rule also applies in the opposite direction - when a person suddenly has excess magnesium in his blood (even though he did not take any special medications), there is a high probability that he will develop cancer.

An overdose of magnesium can occur in children who drink mineral water and eat modified milk. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the Mg content in what you give to your child. In addition, the kidneys of children, especially infants, do not work well enough to successfully remove excess magnesium, and it accumulates in their bodies.

Symptoms of hypermagnesemia, depending on Mg doses

This point will be of more interest to those who know how to read analyses. Therefore, if you are not used to understanding what is written in your medical card, move on to the next point.

An overdose of magnesium is detected when this drug in the blood plasma is more than 1.1 mol/liter. When the concentration exceeds 1.5 mol/liter, the following symptoms appear:

apathy,
drowsiness,
dry hair,
peeling, redness of the skin,
the skin seems hot, but there is no fever,
dry mouth,
nausea, vomiting,
upset stomach, dehydration,
decreased heart rate.

Excess Mg reaching 2.5 mol/liter causes:

intensification of the above symptoms,
serious changes in the functioning of the heart.

When the overdose reaches 5 mol/liter, the following occurs:

signs of Mg excess increase,
heart function worsens even more,
muscle activity appears
tendon reflexes change.

If the magnesium concentration exceeds 5 mol/liter the following occurs:

breathing disorder,
oxygen starvation,
heart failure.

With an overdose of Mg up to 7.5 Mol/liter and above, there is a high probability of cardiac arrest.

Signs of magnesium poisoning

Chronic magnesium overdose is more difficult to identify, since its symptoms at the initial stage are weak and can be easily confused with symptoms of other diseases. It is easier to ascertain it with extreme accuracy using a blood test.

Therefore, here we will talk about an acute overdose of Mg, resulting from improper use of magnesium-containing medications or due to the fact that the body is not able to remove it due to illness or other weaknesses. It is observed:

gastrointestinal dysfunction, diarrhea,
nausea, vomiting,
feeling of chest tightness, respiratory depression,
severe decrease in blood pressure,
suppression or even absence of some natural reflexes, for example, the patella,
partial loss of muscle control,
arrhythmia, a feeling that the heart is pounding.

Why does this happen? This is due to how magnesium affects the human body. Since Mg is a powerful depressant, in case of overdose it has too strong an effect on the nervous system. The latter, to one degree or another, ceases to control the muscles. Based on this, arrhythmia occurs, reflexes disappear and breathing is impaired. Let's look at how an overdose of magnesium disrupts the functioning of individual body systems.

Excess Mg and the nervous system

Too much magnesium leads to changes in the peripheral nerves and central nervous system. This occurs due to an imbalance of electrolytes, a decrease in the concentration of Mg and K ions in the cell and its increase in the intercellular space. The result is slow reflexes, respiratory depression and even loss of consciousness. When the concentration of Mg in the blood increases to 3 mol/liter, deep anesthesia occurs. Outwardly, it looks like a dream, but it is dangerous due to the development of paralysis, lethargy and coma.

Excess Mg and muscle work

When there are too many Mg ions in the intercellular fluid, they prevent the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from being produced in normal quantities. Thus, the transmission of impulses from nerves to muscles is disrupted. The consequences are a decrease in the tone of smooth, skeletal muscles, up to the absence of their contraction, paralysis. The first sign that smooth muscles have lost tone is diarrhea, indicating excessive relaxation of the intestines. The following are:

muscle weakness,
decreased reflexes,
cardiac dysfunction.

Excess Mg and the heart

Magnesium relaxes the heart muscle, impairing its contractility. As a result:

dilation of blood vessels,
bradycardia (pulse rate decreases),
the conduction of impulses between the ventricle and atrium is disrupted,
decreased blood pressure,
heart failure.

Most often, such symptoms are observed in a vivid form in old age. In a relatively healthy adult, a disturbance in the conduction of impulses between the ventricle and atrium develops very rarely.

First aid for acute magnesium poisoning

Stop the absorption of Mg into the blood. To do this, if the drug was taken orally, you need to rinse the stomach with plenty of water.
Be sure to call an ambulance.
A calcium-containing drug must be administered intravenously, since Ca can neutralize Mg due to its opposite effect.

The hospital will constantly monitor the content of magnesium ions in the urine and blood. Doctors will also find out the reason why the body was unable to remove the excess of this element on its own. When renal failure is detected, the patient undergoes hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. If after this the level of Mg in the blood is still elevated, additional tests are carried out to detect cancer or dysfunction of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland.

How to normalize Mg levels in the body

These tips are good for those who have detected an excess of Mg in themselves at the initial stage of a blood test, when this element has not yet caused serious harm in the body.

Consult your doctor to avoid turning your hypermagnesemia into magnesium deficiency.
Use prescribed diuretics and at the same time drink plenty of clean water.
You cannot take diuretics on your own because, in addition to magnesium, they also wash other useful elements from the body, such as potassium.

Is there an allergy to magnesium?

Yes, it happens, however, according to medical scientists, this is observed quite rarely and is almost impossible. Because:

You cannot cause an allergy to magnesium with food products, because you need to eat many kilograms of the same halva, greens, and bran at a time.
In any more or less normally functioning body, excess magnesium, like other elements, is excreted by the kidneys.

The only thing that can provoke an allergic reaction is the use of magnesium-containing drugs. And here it is not necessary to accuse the victim of initiative. It’s just that the concentration of Mg in tablets and injections is very high, so the body of some may incorrectly perceive such a powerful “infusion”, causing an allergic reaction.

Sometimes a person is addicted to dietary supplements and at the same time takes Mg, which may be incompatible with them. But here we return to the beginning of the article, which talked about overdose due to uncontrolled use of the drug. An allergic reaction also occurs when you take long breaks from taking magnesium, and then take it in too large dosages.

Well, the last option is obvious allergies. Everything is clear here: if your body rejects cocoa, nuts, sesame seeds, chocolate, you cannot take Mg without serious tests and a doctor’s recommendation.

Signs of a magnesium allergy and its treatment

The symptoms of an allergy to Mg are similar to those of a common food allergy:

upset stomach, vomiting,
skin rash, itching,
pain in the abdomen, stomach,
feeling of body aches, fatigue, malaise,
lowering blood pressure,
temperature increase.

To find out if you are actually allergic to Mg, go to the hospital. Since this reaction occurs over time and not immediately (the concentration of magnesium in the blood must reach a certain level), it is difficult to determine what your body is so hostile to. Or maybe it's something else?

In the hospital you will undergo tests, and the doctor will accurately determine the cause of your deterioration in health. Next, antihistamines will be prescribed, which must be treated in doses strictly determined by the doctor and not exceeding the dosage period. Otherwise, uncontrolled use of antihistamines can cause drowsiness, inhibition of reactions and even addiction.

Magnesium in the right doses is very beneficial for the body; this element takes part in many vital processes. It becomes an enemy to health when overdosed, just like any other substance. Therefore, it is better not to self-medicate by “prescribing” magnesium-containing drugs for yourself.

If you have kidney failure, cancer, dysfunction of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, or even drinking water that is too hard - all this can cause an increase in the concentration of Mg in the blood. If you are in this risk group, get your blood tested at least once a year. If you take care of yourself in this way, you most likely will not experience the effects of a magnesium overdose.

The materials are published for informational purposes only and are not a prescription for treatment! We recommend that you consult a hematologist at your medical institution!

Excess magnesium (Mg) in the blood or hypermagnesemia, as well as its deficiency, is a dangerous pathology - the balance between potassium and calcium, which is contained in the body’s cells, is disrupted. The disease entails disruptions in the functioning of the heart (low blood pressure), disturbances in the central nervous system, and can also cause paralysis.

If there is an excess of Mg ions in the body, this indicates that there is a violation in the functioning of the kidneys, that is, they do not sufficiently remove it from the body. In addition, there are other factors in the development of pathology.

The main causes of hypermagnesemia:

excessive saturation of the body with magnesium (abuse of drugs containing Mg, use of serums with a high concentration of microelement ions during pregnancy);
renal failure;
a disturbance in the acid-base balance, which provokes the redistribution of Mg from cells into the intercellular fluid.

Note: Increased concentrations of magnesium in the blood, or hypermagnesemia, are often a concern for older people. This may be due to concomitant diseases.

GGT or gamma-glutamyl transferase is a protein that is directly involved in amino acid metabolism in the body's cells. For the most part, it is found in the cells of the kidneys, pancreas and liver. If the content of this protein is elevated, specialists can determine the degree of damage to liver cells.

The general picture of hypermagnesemia can be seen in the photo below.

Causes, symptoms and treatment of pathology

Many people believe that if there is an excess of microelements in the body, then this is good, the main thing is that there is no deficiency. The opinion is wrong. With a sudden increase in Mg in the blood, a person’s condition worsens significantly. If the level of the element is more than 7 mmol/l, cardiac arrest is possible.

weakness throughout the body, loss of balance, impaired consciousness, drowsiness, possible paralysis;
disturbances in the functioning of the digestive tract - nausea, vomiting, intestinal upset;
dilation of blood vessels, which leads to low blood pressure and difficulty breathing.

Such changes in the body occur due to inhibition of neuromuscular transmission, suppression of the excitability of the nervous system, which is provoked by an increase in the level of magnesium, calcium and potassium in the intercellular fluid.

Manifestation of symptoms of hypermagnesemia as a percentage

To determine the level of magnesium in the body, it is enough to take a blood test. The results of the study can be ready within a short period of time. This means you can begin treatment immediately.

The opposite substance to magnesium is calcium. Therefore, to stop the increase in magnesium concentration in the blood, it is necessary to inject doses of calcium intramuscularly.

Important: The dosage of calcium depends on the amount of magnesium in the blood. Such injections are calculated and prescribed only by a doctor.

Also, to stabilize the patient’s condition and bring magnesium levels back to normal, it is recommended to take diuretics, but only if the kidneys are working well. Otherwise, specialists are forced to do dialysis, that is, part of the functioning of the kidneys is performed using equipment.

Hypermagnesemia is a severe pathology that negatively affects the functioning of many vital organs. Timely diagnosis and treatment will help avoid negative consequences and complications, so it is not recommended to ignore the symptoms of the disease.

source

Magnesium is a mineral that takes part in most important processes in the human body. It is responsible for the contraction of smooth muscles, affects the amount of hormones, participates in the transport of nutrients and ensures the strength of the skeleton.

Its excess amount in the body is the same undesirable phenomenon as its deficiency.

Magnesium enters the human body in certain foods and water. The largest amount of the mineral can be found in plant foods. Under the influence of heat treatment, it becomes several times smaller. The leaders in its content are legumes. A considerable amount of magnesium can be found in cereals such as buckwheat, oats, pearl barley, barley and wheat.

To prevent deficiency of the substance, you should also eat enough seafood, and in particular cod, shrimp, sea bass, herring and mackerel. Among fruits and berries, preference should be given to strawberries, bananas, raspberries, blackberries and citruses. Magnesium, which is part of dairy products, has good digestibility.

Peculiarities: In canned foods, the amount of nutrients is significantly reduced. An exception may be canned green peas.

The daily norm of the mineral is 0.4 grams (more details). During pregnancy the need for it increases to 0.45 grams per day. Excessive amounts of the substance have a toxic effect on the body. Most often, this phenomenon is characteristic of an overdose of drugs containing magnesium.

Excess magnesium in the body has a negative effect on well-being. The reasons for this phenomenon may be the following factors:

Improperly composed daily diet;
Abuse of medications and dietary supplements;
Excessive consumption of mineral waters;
Metabolic disease;
Oncological disease;
Kidney diseases;

Excess magnesium is excreted from the body by the kidneys. People with kidney failure are much more likely to develop hypermagnesemia than others. To get rid of excess amounts of macronutrients, treatment of the excretory system is required. Vitamin complexes should be taken with caution if you have heart problems, diabetes mellitus or hormonal imbalance.

Symptoms of hypermagnesemia indicate that may require treatment soon. The deviation is not as harmless as it might seem at first glance. A person may suspect hypermagnesemia by the presence of the following symptoms:

Apathy and decreased performance;
Abnormal stool;
Signs of dehydration;
Muscle weakness and cramps;
Loss of coordination;
Dryness of the skin surface and mucous membranes;
The appearance of drowsiness;
Increased body temperature;
Decreased heart rate;

The intensity of the manifestation of signs of deviation depends on the degree of excess of the mineral. In the initial stages, only a few symptoms may appear. But over time, it will be much easier to determine hypermagnesemia by indirect signs, as they become more pronounced.

Interesting: Magnesium is a calcium antagonist. Taking these elements at the same time is not recommended.

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the body in women are not so easy to notice; this leads to the development of a number of diseases. To avoid complications, you should listen to your body. Against the background of an increase in the amount of the element, the following may develop:

Psoriasis;
Thyroid diseases;
Arthritis;
Nephrocalcinosis;
Heart disorders;

An overdose of the substance leads to a deterioration in the contractility of the muscular system. Blood vessels also dilate and blood pressure decreases.

First, a person experiences a deterioration in their general condition—muscle pain, drowsiness, and performance deterioration. Then there are disturbances in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, which manifest themselves in vomiting or diarrhea.

Despite the fact that the substance is toxic, its excess cannot lead to death. But many life support systems will be severely damaged, which will affect the quality of life.

Magnesium is often prescribed to treat depression. But abuse of treatment has a negative effect on the nervous system. The person becomes excitable and irritability appears. Sleep function is disrupted, and nightmares begin to bother you at night.

People who play sports often suffer from an excess of magnesium. Preparations containing it increase endurance and give energy. They have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the muscular system. But this is only possible if the dosage is observed. Abuse of dietary supplements leads to cramps and muscle pain.

Excessive amounts of magnesium also affect the functioning of the heart muscle. Heart rate decreases. In old age, hypermagnesemia can lead to abnormalities in atrioventricular conduction. In this case, the blood vessels dilate. There is a deterioration in health due to a decrease in blood pressure.

Reference: One of the signs of cardiac disorders with hypermagnesemia is blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle.

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the body in women are as pronounced as the overdose. Typically, a macronutrient is prescribed during pregnancy or childbearing years to strengthen the reproductive system.

Exceeding the level of the mineral can lead to hyperfunction of the thyroid gland. On this basis there is a possibility of developing diffuse goiter. This is one of the most dangerous types of abnormalities in the thyroid gland.

The disease harms not only the woman, but also the unborn child. There is a high probability that hyperthyroidism will be inherited. Symptoms of this phenomenon include:

The appearance of tachycardia;
Women's weight loss;
Visual enlargement of the thyroid gland;
Increased heart rate during sleep;

At the same time, the woman becomes sensitive to high temperatures. Fever appears, the skin becomes hot and moist. This disorder is also characterized by sudden mood swings. If the described symptoms are detected It is recommended to consult a doctor immediately monitoring the pregnancy.

Hypermagnesemia requires a serious approach. This problem cannot be ignored. First of all, you need to adhere to a diet that excludes foods that contain magnesium.

Important: The diagnosis of hypermagnesemia is not made based on the presence of symptoms alone. It is necessary to take a test to determine the amount of this element in the blood. Read how to take a blood test for magnesium.

If the result of the analysis is a figure higher than 5 mmol/l, then the patient is indicated for injections with calcium gluconate. The solution is administered intravenously. With a less intense increase in magnesium, diuretics are prescribed. During treatment, it is advisable to drink more fluids. It is also recommended to monitor the dynamics of improvements to avoid calcium removal from the body.

It is very important to monitor the performance of the kidneys and heart during treatment. If kidney function is impaired, dialysis is performed. In case of toxic poisoning with medications, gastric lavage is performed. The treatment process must be carried out on the territory of a medical institution, under the supervision of qualified specialists.

Peculiarities: With an increase in the amount of the mineral, the ability to read may be impaired.

Despite the possibility of overdose, the use of magnesium preparations should not be neglected when necessary. It is important that the macronutrient level does not exceed the acceptable limits. In this case, the substance will be exclusively beneficial.

source

Magnesium is a light metal with a silvery-white color. It was first isolated by the English chemist Humphry Davy in 1808. It is contained in the earth's crust about 2%. A large amount of it is also found in sea water. The density of magnesium at 20 °C is 1.737 g/cm3, melting point 651 °C, boiling point 1103 °C. High purity magnesium is ductile, easily forged, pressed, rolled and amenable to cutting. Under normal conditions, its surface is covered with a durable protective film of magnesium oxide MgO, which is destroyed when heated in air to approximately 600 °C, after which the metal burns with a blinding white flame. When it burns, a large amount of heat is released. Magnifique means magnificent. The element of the periodic table, magnesium, gets its name from this French word.

The amount of magnesium in the human body is approximately 70 grams. Approximately 60% of it is found in bones and teeth, 39% is found in body cells (including organs) and only 1% is found in the blood. Magnesium is the 4th most abundant mineral in the human body, and is involved in more than 350 different biochemical processes. The calm and coordinated functioning of all systems of our body, especially the nervous system - both central and peripheral - depends on magnesium. Magnesium activates the enzymes responsible for the body's absorption of protein and other nutrients. As part of various enzymes, it is involved in digestion, energy production, muscle function, bone formation, creation of new cells, activation of B vitamins, reduction of muscle tension, and also affects the functioning of the heart, kidneys, adrenal glands, brain and nervous system. Not having enough magnesium in the body can seriously interfere with any of these processes, if not all of them.

Without magnesium, our body would be unprotected from infections, since the production of antibodies would be slow. Normal blood clotting, estrogen production, and the functioning of the genitourinary and digestive systems also depend on magnesium. The role and functions of magnesium in the body are enormous:
1. Ensures normal activity of cell membranes.
2. Increases the immune activity of cells.
3. Magnesium in the body is necessary for the normal functioning of nervous tissue, participates in the transmission of nerve impulses, calms the central nervous system, increases resistance to stress, and helps in the fight against depression.
4. It is a building material for bones and tooth enamel.
5. Regulates calcium metabolism, protects against osteoporosis.
6. Magnesium in the body speeds up metabolism.
7. Under the influence of absorption of magnesium ions and sulfates, the mucous membrane of the duodenum secretes a hormone necessary for further digestive processes - cholecystokinin. This hormone increases the secretion of bile and pancreas. Cholecystokinin also increases intestinal motility.
8. Has an antispastic effect on the stomach, improves peristalsis and obturator function of the cardial opening of the esophagus.
9. Neutralizes acidity, stimulates gastric peristalsis.
10. Affects intestinal peptides, increases bile excretion, enhances intestinal motility (laxative effect).
11. Magnesium in the body is necessary at all stages of protein molecule synthesis, therefore, when intracellular magnesium is depleted, protein synthesis decreases.
12. Inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells (anti-allergic effect).
13. Has a diuretic (diuretic) effect by increasing blood supply to the kidneys.
14. Reduces the excretion of oxalates and uric acid (protects against stone formation and gout).
15. Magnesium in the body prevents the precipitation of calcium salts, preventing the process of stone formation.
16. Has antitoxic and anti-inflammatory effects.
17. Normalizes the function of the parathyroid glands.
18. Regulates temperature, helps adapt to cold.
19. Ensures cardiovascular health and helps prevent heart attacks.
20. Magnesium in the body is very effective in lowering blood pressure. Hypertension can be cured completely by taking magnesium sulfate regularly and drinking plenty of clean, low-calcium water.
21. Necessary for converting blood sugar into energy.
22. Stimulates insulin secretion and increases the sensitivity of receptors to it (restores carbohydrate metabolism, prevents the occurrence of diabetes of any type).
23. Magnesium in the body is essential for eliminating cancer.

In the human body, calcium and magnesium must be in a certain ratio with each other. It is believed that this ratio should be no more than 1:0.6. Thus, with magnesium deficiency, calcium will be lost in the urine, and excess calcium, in turn, causes magnesium deficiency. Calcium needs magnesium to be absorbed in the body. In the process of calcium absorption, the body uses up its magnesium reserves. Magnesium, on the other hand, is independent of calcium and works on its own.

Magnesium maintains urine salts in a dissolved state and prevents their sedimentation, suppresses kidney stone formation and even in small concentrations inhibits crystallization. Magnesium ions bind up to 40% of oxalic acid in urine and prevent precipitation of calcium compounds. With a lack of magnesium, calcium begins to give rise to diseases.

The body stubbornly maintains the required level of magnesium in the blood, and therefore a person may have normal levels of magnesium in the blood, but in reality the body may experience severe deficiency. The normal level of magnesium in blood plasma for adults is 0.70 - 1.00 mmol/l. If the content of magnesium in the blood decreases, then, in order to save itself, the body begins redistribution: it takes magnesium from those places where it is (from bones, nerves, endocrine glands) and supplies it to the blood in order to maintain the required level.

Today there is no consensus regarding the body's daily need for magnesium. Some biochemists and nutritionists believe that 280-400 mg is enough for adults, others call the norm 500 mg. Below are the norms that most nutritionists recommend.
Children under 6 months – 30 mg.
Children from 6 months to 1 year – 75 mg.
Children from 1 year to 3 years – 80 mg.
Children from 4 to 8 years old - 130 mg.
Children from 9 to 13 years old - 240 mg.
Teenagers girls from 14 to 18 years old - 360 mg.
Teenagers and boys from 14 to 18 years old - 410 mg.
Men from 19 to 30 years old - 400 mg.
Men over 30 years old – 420 mg.
Women from 19 to 30 years old – 310 mg.
Women over 30 years old – 320 mg.
Pregnant women under 18 years of age – 400 mg.
Pregnant women from 19 to 30 years old – 350 mg.
Pregnant women over 30 years old – 360 mg.
Breastfeeding women under 18 years of age – 360 mg.
Breastfeeding women from 19 to 30 years old – 310 mg.
Breastfeeding women over 30 years old – 320 mg.

The need for magnesium increases in the following cases:
1. When consuming caffeine (tea, coffee, chocolate, Pepsi-Cola).
2. When consuming sugar: Magnesium affects insulin metabolism, and sugar increases magnesium loss in urine.
3. A large amount of fat in the diet reduces the absorption of magnesium, since fatty acids and magnesium form salts that are not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
4. High-protein diet, especially for children, athletes, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
5. Under stress.
6. Colitis, constipation, liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis, uncontrollable vomiting, diarrhea.
7. After operations.
8. With an increase in cholesterol in the blood.
9. During heavy physical activity.
10. Thyrotoxicosis, hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands, renal acidosis, epilepsy.
11. After illnesses occurring with high fever.
12. When using contraceptives and estrogens.
13. Chronic alcoholism. Alcohol, more than any other substance found in food known to us, reduces magnesium levels in the blood.

It should be borne in mind that the content of minerals and vitamins in the same product may vary from source to source. This is explained by the fact that the same product, for example, Swiss cheese, can be made in different countries, respectively, from different milk, by different companies that have different equipment and different qualifications of personnel, etc.

PRODUCTS	magnesium in mg per 100 g edible parts product
Pumpkin seeds	534
Wheat bran	448
Cocoa 20%	442
Tea	440
Roasted sesame seeds	356
Hazelnuts	310
Cashew raw	292
Roasted almonds	286
Soy, low-fat flour	286
Peeled pine nuts	251
Soybean, fat flour	244
Dry soybeans	240
Wheat sprouts, unprocessed	239
Raw buckwheat	231
Watermelon	224
Cornflakes	214
Coffee beans	200
Roasted peanuts	188
Hazelnut	172
Popcorn	131
Oatmeal	130
Roasted sunflower seeds	129
Peas, peeled	128
Dried rose hips	120
Walnut	100
Dried dates	84
Fresh spinach	79
Milk chocolate	63
Salted mackerel	60
Dutch cheese	55
Boiled buckwheat	51
Pearl barley	47
Boiled red beans	45
Boiled millet	44
Dried apricots	47
Dried prunes	45
Barley groats	40
Boiled shrimp	40
Rye bread	40
Boiled squid	38
Boiled lentils	36
Boiled lobsters	35
Russian cheese	35
Canned sardines	34
Fresh green peas	33
Seedless raisins	32
Cod	30
Boiled halibut	29
Avocado fresh	29
Cheddar cheese	28
Processed cheese	27
Banana	27
Parsley root	27
Fish caviar	26
Chicken breast meat	26
Mutton	25
Garlic	25
Baked potatoes	25
Shortbread cookies	25
White wheat bread	23
Brynza	23
Beet	23
Radish	22
Beef	22
Cherry juice	21
Green onions	20
Chickens	20
Bulb onions	20
Parsley greens	20
Semolina	18
Boiled pasta	18
Garden strawberries	18
Turnip	17
Cabbage	16
Kiwi	16
Porcini mushrooms	15
Orange	14
carrot juice	14
Boiled white rice	13
Grapefruit	13
cucumbers	13
Melon	13
A pineapple	12
Carrot	12
Pear	12
Fried eggplants	11
Sweet red pepper	11
Milk 3.2%	10
Radish	10
Sour cream	10
Boiled pumpkin	9
Apples	9
Tomato juice	9
Tomatoes	8
Fat cottage cheese	8
Pickled herring	8
Lemon	8
Grape juice	6
Grape	5
Light beer	5
Butter	2
Bee honey	2
Tap water	1
Granulated sugar
Sunflower oil

Magnesium in foods promotes bone growth, regulates heart rate and blood sugar.
Magnesium in food helps reduce high blood pressure, improves respiratory function in chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, and is a preventative against migraines.
Magnesium in food helps treat muscle and joint pain and chronic fatigue syndrome, helps treat osteoporosis, and improves the condition of premenstrual syndrome.
Magnesium in food helps with cancer, especially to reduce the symptoms of complications of radiation and chemotherapy, as they deplete magnesium reserves in the body, helps strengthen tooth enamel, and helps treat urolithiasis.

People who drink hard water (meaning it contains twice as much calcium as magnesium) tend to have lower blood pressure, lower blood cholesterol, and a calmer heart rate than those who drink soft water. At the same time, pressure does not increase with age, which usually happens to residents of cities receiving soft tap water. “Soft water means strokes and heart attacks.” It has been established that where there is magnesium in the soil, water, and plants, there is no cancer.

One of the most biologically appropriate sources of magnesium for transcutaneous (percutaneous) absorption is the mineral bischofite, which is widely used for the purposes of medical rehabilitation, physiotherapy and spa treatment. The advantage of transcutaneous use is the high bioavailability of magnesium ions, which saturate local problem areas bypassing the excretory system.

During industrial food processing, large losses of minerals and vitamins occur. So, for example, when cleaning and grinding grain into white flour, 78% of magnesium is lost, purified buckwheat grain loses 79%, and hulled barley loses 70%. When processing green beans into canned food, 56% of magnesium is lost, and peas - 43%. Canned corn loses 60% of the magnesium it contains, corn flour - 56%, and white refined sugar contains 200 times less of it than dark molasses. When peeling potatoes, we deprive ourselves of 35% of magnesium. Magnesium remains in bran, molasses, and peel.

Any heat treatment, including pasteurization, entails losses of both vitamins and microelements, including magnesium. Therefore, nutritionists and naturopaths urge us to eat everything we can raw, and if we cook it, then as quickly as possible. And consume 3 times less cooked foods than raw ones.

Magnesium enters the body with food and water. Magnesium is absorbed from food throughout the entire intestine, but the main part is absorbed in the duodenum. It is known that only up to 35% of magnesium is absorbed from food. Magnesium absorption may be increased in the presence of vitamin B6 and certain organic acids (lactic, orotic and aspartic). But only its organic compounds are well absorbed, for example, organic magnesium compounds in complexes with amino acids, organic acids (magnesium lactate, magnesium citrate), etc. Inorganic salts (magnesium sulfate) are absorbed very poorly.

The usual human diet, as a rule, provides a daily intake of magnesium from food in an amount of at least 300 - 400 mg. Therefore, with the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, its deficiency in the body is a very rare phenomenon. A deficiency of this substance can develop with a monotonous diet, a lack of green vegetables and fruits, with alcoholism, as well as in people suffering from liver, kidney or intestinal diseases.

A lack of magnesium causes a weakening and even cessation of the function of the body's immune system, favors the occurrence of leukemia, and also reduces the cell's ability to resist blood cancer. However, it is important not only to consume foods containing magnesium, but also to the body’s ability to absorb it and involve it in cellular metabolism. And this ability depends on the normal functioning of the endocrine glands: the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads.

With a lack of magnesium, a person develops a number of pathologies. The following main signs of its deficiency can be identified:
1. Disruption of the cardiovascular system, arrhythmia and increased heart rate occur.
2. Insomnia, morning fatigue.
3. Frequent headaches, dizziness, loss of balance, appearance of flickering dots before the eyes.
4. Depressive state, accompanied by decreased concentration and memory, and rapid fatigue.
5. The elasticity of red blood cells decreases, which makes it difficult for them to pass through the capillaries, disrupts microcirculation and shortens the “life” of red blood cells. The result is anemia.
6. Muscle spasms and cramps.
7. Irritability, increased sensitivity to noise, dissatisfaction.
8. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea.
9. Increased blood cholesterol levels.
10. Hair loss, brittle nails, dental caries.
11. Sensitivity to weather changes, cold and humidity, often causing various pains in the teeth, gums, and joints.
12. Low body temperature, cold hands and feet, stiffness of the limbs, tingling in the legs, spasms.
13. The aging process accelerates.
14. Magnesium deficiency in the body leads to loss of calcium and potassium and can contribute to diabetic cataracts (clouding of eye tissue).
15. With a lack of magnesium, tin penetrates into the brain tissue, thus exposing the person to permanent poisoning.

During an attack of bronchial asthma, there is a deficiency of magnesium in the blood. Reduced magnesium levels are often found in patients with diabetes, which leads to destruction of the body. An increase in magnesium normalizes blood sugar.

Acute magnesium deficiency is quite rare, but a slight decrease in magnesium levels in the body is widespread. Pregnant women, postpartum women and the elderly are most often at risk.

There are factors that accelerate the depletion of magnesium reserves in the body, making it necessary to replenish it. These include: stress, coffee, sugar, carbonated drinks, alcohol, smoking, any medications, excessive sweating, low thyroid function, diabetes, chronic pain, diuretics and foods high in carbohydrates, calcium salts.

Magnesium deficiency in the body is facilitated by the widespread use of various “diets” for weight loss. Excessive consumption of animal protein - the fashion for all kinds of protein diets - shifts the pH to the acidic side and increases the level of uric acid and its salts - urates - in the blood. A lack of magnesium entails a deficiency of zinc, copper, calcium, potassium, silicon and their further replacement with toxic heavy metals: lead, cadmium, aluminum.

The most serious diseases caused by a lack of magnesium in the body are diseases of the brain, cardiovascular system and leukemia.

When there is a deficiency of magnesium in food, the body takes it from the bones, teeth and endocrine glands, thus preventing the initial decrease in the concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma. When the level of magnesium in the blood serum decreases to less than 0.7 mmol/l, a state of hypomagnesemia occurs, which leads to disruption of myocardial electrolyte metabolism.

Magnesium deficiency in the body leads to a decrease in the speed of blood flow in organs and tissues, an increase in peripheral vascular resistance with a decrease in microcirculation.

Since magnesium is necessary for the absorption of calcium, with prolonged magnesium deficiency in the body, there is an increased deposition of calcium salts in the walls of arterial vessels, cardiac muscle and kidneys, cramps of skeletal muscles, most often the calf and plantar muscles, sometimes very painful spastic contractions of the intestines, bronchi, esophagus, increased uterine contractility.

Magnesium deficiency in the body is one of the causes of the so-called delirium tremens - a condition with pronounced delirium and hallucinations.

Magnesium content in the body in excess of the norm is extremely rare, since the kidneys immediately remove its excess. Therefore, the danger of magnesium poisoning, even with increased intake from food, is unlikely. Such poisonings occur mainly due to excessive intravenous administration of magnesium-containing drugs or when kidney function is impaired. The consequence of excess magnesium in the body is:
1. Slow heart rate, hypotension.
2. Drowsiness, loss of coordination and speech.
3. Lethargy, muscle weakness.
4. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
5. Impaired kidney function.
6. Thirst, dry mucous membranes (especially the oral cavity).

With long-term therapy with drugs containing magnesium, the content of beta-lipoproteins in the blood decreases and the content of alpha-lipoproteins increases, the lecithin/cholesterol ratio increases, and the absorption of stearic acid is inhibited without affecting the absorption of oleic acid.

A number of medications containing magnesium have been used in medical practice and continue to be introduced. The latter differ in magnesium content, its combinations with various biologically active substances and the mechanisms of their complex effects. These include:
Magnerot- magnesium orotic salt. One tablet contains 500 mg magnesium orotate (32.8 mg magnesium). Orotic acid stimulates ATP synthesis. Since 90% of intracellular magnesium is bound to ATP, a relative increase in the intracellular ATP store through orotic acid improves the fixation of magnesium in cells.
Magne B6. Available in tablets or oral solution. One tablet contains 48 mg of magnesium and 5 mg of pyridoxine. One ampoule of solution (10 ml) contains a total of 100 mg of magnesium and 10 mg of pyridoxine. Children weighing more than 10 kg (after one year) – 5-10 mg per kg of body weight (magnesium) per day, in 2-3 doses. Children over 12 years old – 3 tablets per day, in 3 divided doses.
Asparkam (Panangin)– one tablet contains 36.2 mg of potassium ion and 11.8 mg of magnesium ion.
Magnesium citrate (Natural-Calm) is an aqueous solution of magnesium carbonate and citric acid. In the body, magnesium citrate normalizes the acid-base balance in conditions of acidosis in various pathological conditions and, above all, hypoxia. The above makes its use justified for cardiovascular pathology in children. In addition, citrates are ideal conductors of various biologically active substances into cells; they are also capable of neutralizing toxins. Due to the interaction of magnesium and citrate, their clinical effects in the body are enhanced. One teaspoon of the drug solution contains 205 mg of elemental magnesium. Children under 10 years old - 1/4 teaspoon 1-2 times a day. For children over 10 years old, up to 1/2 - 1 teaspoon (in the absence of diarrhea). Natural Calm is safe to take on its own and does not cause any side effects.
Cardiomagnyl– compounds of acetylsalicylic acid and magnesium hydroxide, where the latter plays a protective role, being a non-absorbable fast-acting antacid (in a tablet – acetylsalicylic acid – 75 mg, magnesium hydroxide – 15.2 mg). Magnesium hydroxide has a cytoprotective effect and prevents possible damage to the gastric mucosa by acetylsalicylic acid.
Magnesium and calcium preparation "Alga Shell", combining magnesium and natural calcium, it not only helps improve the functioning of the central nervous system, relieves anxiety, increased irritability, improves sleep, but also prevents osteoporosis. In addition, the nutritional basis of the complex is made up of brown seaweed - the richest sources of organic iodine, necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, and other biologically active substances necessary for the body to function properly (including unique ones - alginates, fucoidan, mannitol, etc. ).
Magnesium plus- a vitamin-like metabolic preparation based on magnesium. It is used for magnesium deficiency in the body, sleep disturbances, irritability, anxiety, and asthenic syndrome. 1 tablet Magnesium Plus contains: magnesium carbonate 100 mg, magnesium lactate 200 mg, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) 2 mg, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) 1 mcg, folic acid 200 mcg.
The drug Magnesium complex contains magnesium in the form of magnesium citrate. Magnesium quickly and effectively normalizes heart rate and eliminates any deviations from the norm. Taking it daily will help prevent these side effects.
Magnesium sulfate laxative. When taken orally, it has a choleretic (reflex effect on the receptors of the mucous membrane of the duodenum) and a laxative effect (due to poor absorption of the drug in the intestine, high osmotic pressure is created in it, water accumulates in the intestine, the intestinal contents are liquefied, peristalsis is enhanced). It is an antidote for poisoning with heavy metal salts. The onset of the effect is after 0.5-3 hours, duration is 4-6 hours.

Before taking magnesium supplements, you should consult your doctor.

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The most common causes of hypermagnesemia are:

Chronic or acute kidney dysfunction. If these organs are not working properly, they are unable to remove unnecessary magnesium. In addition to this element, many other unhealthy compounds accumulate in the body, and together this leads to a serious deterioration in well-being.
Hard drinking water. Such properties of the latter are explained by the increased concentration of various salts, including calcium and magnesium, which prevent the heart muscle from working normally, causing chronic arrhythmia.
Overdose of drugs. Sometimes patients themselves exceed the prescribed doses of Mg, and sometimes drugs with magnesium are taken for too long and without medical indications at all. In some cases, when eclampsia is treated in pregnant women, there is an overdose of magnesium sulfate. Elderly people taking antacids and laxatives can also cause hypermagnesemia.

This point will be of more interest to those who know how to read analyses. Therefore, if you are not used to understanding what is written in your medical card, move on to the next point.

An overdose of magnesium is detected when this drug in the blood plasma is more than 1.1 mol/liter. When the concentration exceeds 1.5 mol/liter, the following symptoms appear:

apathy,
drowsiness,
dry hair,
peeling, redness of the skin,
the skin seems hot, but there is no fever,
dry mouth,
nausea, vomiting,
upset stomach, dehydration,
decreased heart rate.

Excess Mg reaching 2.5 mol/liter causes:

intensification of the above symptoms,
serious changes in the functioning of the heart.

When the overdose reaches 5 mol/liter, the following occurs:

signs of Mg excess increase,
heart function worsens even more,
muscle activity appears
tendon reflexes change.

If the magnesium concentration exceeds 5 mol/liter the following occurs:

breathing disorder,
oxygen starvation,
heart failure.

With an overdose of Mg up to 7.5 Mol/liter and above, there is a high probability of cardiac arrest.

gastrointestinal dysfunction, diarrhea,
nausea, vomiting,
feeling of chest tightness, respiratory depression,
severe decrease in blood pressure,
suppression or even absence of some natural reflexes, for example, the patella,
partial loss of muscle control,
arrhythmia, a feeling that the heart is pounding.

muscle weakness,
decreased reflexes,
cardiac dysfunction.

Magnesium relaxes the heart muscle, impairing its contractility. As a result:

dilation of blood vessels,
bradycardia (pulse rate decreases),
the conduction of impulses between the ventricle and atrium is disrupted,
decreased blood pressure,
heart failure.

Most often, such symptoms are observed in a vivid form in old age. In a relatively healthy adult, a disturbance in the conduction of impulses between the ventricle and atrium develops very rarely.

Stop the absorption of Mg into the blood. To do this, if the drug was taken orally, you need to rinse the stomach with plenty of water.
Be sure to call an ambulance.
A calcium-containing drug must be administered intravenously, since Ca can neutralize Mg due to its opposite effect.

These tips are good for those who have detected an excess of Mg in themselves at the initial stage of a blood test, when this element has not yet caused serious harm in the body.

Consult your doctor to avoid turning your hypermagnesemia into magnesium deficiency.
Use prescribed diuretics and at the same time drink plenty of clean water.
You cannot take diuretics on your own because, in addition to magnesium, they also wash other useful elements from the body, such as potassium.

Yes, it happens, however, according to medical scientists, this is observed quite rarely and is almost impossible. Because:

You cannot cause an allergy to magnesium with food products, because you need to eat many kilograms of the same halva, greens, and bran at a time.
In any more or less normally functioning body, excess magnesium, like other elements, is excreted by the kidneys.

The symptoms of an allergy to Mg are similar to those of a common food allergy:

upset stomach, vomiting,
skin rash, itching,
pain in the abdomen, stomach,
feeling of body aches, fatigue, malaise,
lowering blood pressure,
temperature increase.

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Most people don't realize how important magnesium is to human health. Magnesium is involved in more than 300 metabolic processes in the body and is considered one of the most essential of all minerals. But do you know how to detect magnesium deficiency in the body and what are its symptoms?

For starters, this mineral is used by every organ in the body, especially the heart, muscles and kidneys. So if you suffer from unexplained fatigue or weakness, irregular heartbeat, or even muscle spasms and eye twitching, low magnesium levels could be the culprit. Magnesium is found in more than 300 different enzymes in the body. Because of this, it is involved in the detoxification processes of the body and plays an important role in preventing damage due to chemicals, heavy metals and other toxins present in the environment. Magnesium is also needed:

For the proper transport of calcium, silica, vitamin D, vitamin K and of course magnesium;
To activate muscles and nerves;
To generate energy in the body;
For detoxification;
To assist the body in the absorption of proteins, carbohydrates and fats;
As a building material for the synthesis of RNA and DNA;
As a precursor for neurotransmitters such as serotonin.

Modern farming methods, which involve the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides, deplete the minerals in the topsoil. As a result, magnesium is now virtually absent from most arable land.

It is estimated that about 80% of people do not get enough magnesium and may suffer from magnesium deficiency. Research shows that only 25% of adults get the recommended amount of magnesium (310-320 milligrams per day for women and 400-420 milligrams per day for men). Even more alarming is the fact that this amount of magnesium is only enough to prevent deficiency of this mineral.

Bananas are an excellent source of magnesium...

Organic foods can contain fairly significant amounts of magnesium if grown in nutrient-rich soil, but determining whether this is true or not is very difficult. If you prefer to supplement, you should know that there are many varieties of magnesium supplements on the market, but there is no such thing as a 100% magnesium supplement because the magnesium must be bound to another substance. The substance used can affect the absorption and bioavailability of magnesium, and also allows for a more targeted effect on the body.

Magnesium threonate and magnesium citrate are some of the best sources of magnesium due to the fact that they appear to be able to penetrate cell membranes and thus increase energy levels.

Besides taking supplements, another way to increase magnesium levels in the body is by taking a regular bath or foot bath with Epsom salts. Epsom salt is magnesium sulfate, which can be absorbed through the skin. Magnesium oil (or magnesium chloride) can also be used for topical application or absorption. When using magnesium supplements, avoid those containing magnesium stearate.

Magnesium stearate is a common but potentially dangerous substance.

An overdose of magnesium is almost impossible. However, consuming too much magnesium is not a good idea. Excess magnesium can cause side effects such as irregular heartbeat or slow breathing. As with oral vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, there is a threshold of intestinal tolerance beyond which it results in diarrhea.

One way to determine if you're getting enough magnesium is to check your bowel habits. As mentioned earlier, excessive intake of magnesium leads to loose stools. This, however, may be a benefit for people with constipation, which is one of the conditions that is a manifestation of magnesium deficiency.

Magnesium has anti-inflammatory properties. Thanks to this, it is able to protect against diseases such as arthritis and Alzheimer's disease. Magnesium is also used to combat problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes, breathing difficulties and many others. Watching for certain signs can help determine whether you have a magnesium deficiency. However, it is preferable to undergo certain tests. If you've recently had your blood tested, you may think the test results will reveal a magnesium deficiency.

Only 1 percent of the body's magnesium is concentrated in the blood. Therefore, a simple serum magnesium test is not particularly helpful in determining the amount of this mineral in the body. So, due to the fact that magnesium acts at the cellular level and accumulates in organs and nerve tissues, a blood test is not very informative. For this reason, the following are characteristic signs of magnesium deficiency:

Anxiety and panic attacks
Asthma
Intestinal diseases
Blood clots
Calcium deficiency
Cystitis
Confusion
Constipation
Difficulty swallowing
Depression
Dizziness
Fatigue
High blood pressure
Hypertension
Hypoglycemia
Insomnia

Muscle spasms
Nausea
Nerve problems/tremors
Osteoporosis
Personality change
PMS, infertility or preeclampsia
Poor heart health
Bad memory
Potassium deficiency
Breathing problems
Raynaud's syndrome
Convulsions
Tooth decay
Type 2 diabetes
Liver or kidney diseases
Migraine

A good way to get more magnesium is to consume inexpensive products containing magnesium citrate (which is one of the most easily absorbed types of magnesium supplements). Topical application of transdermal magnesium chloride also helps. It involves the absorption of magnesium chloride through the skin. Magnesium chloride is also known as magnesium oil, although it is not actually an oil, but rather a salty solution from what appears to be an ancient seabed. This oil is available in various online stores. To find it, you just need to enter the query “magnesium oil” into the search engine.

However, in case you are opposed to taking any supplements and prefer to get your magnesium from food, here is a list of foods that may help relieve the symptoms of magnesium deficiency:

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symptoms of magnesium deficiency:

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Causes of excess magnesium

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First aid and treatment for magnesium overdose

Excess Magnesium in the body

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Contraindications for use

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Cardiomagnyl

Magne B6

Magwit

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Magnerot

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Magnesium in the human body

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How to replenish magnesium deficiency in the body - foods and drinks that will help

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