Reason is the ability of a person to think creatively and logically, to generalize the results of knowledge. Feeling - the ability to feel, experience, perceive external influences, be aware of the environment. 25 words

Both of these components are components of the human personality. In order for a person to remain in harmony with himself, it is necessary that feeling and reason be in harmony. If reason prevails, then the person will become callous, soulless, selfish. If only feelings-passions triumph in a person, and the mind fades into the background, then a person can stop controlling himself, start destroying everything around. But there are people who live by feelings and do good deeds, have good intentions.

What can happen from the predominance of one component over the other? What is the difference between a feeling driven by a good heart and a feeling driven by passions?

The problem of dissonance between reason and feeling in Russian literature is touched upon very often.

By tradition, writers gave primacy to feelings. I absolutely agree with them. A person whose personality is dominated by feelings that are pure and sincere, but not low and animal passions, is humane and kind to others, cares about their welfare, is ready for free help, is not indifferent to the misfortunes of strangers. The personification of purity, humanity and compassion is Sonya Marmeladova, the main character of Fyodorov Mikhailovich Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment. Sonya is a person who lives according to God's laws, who is sympathetic to the problems of others, ready to help in difficult times, to share suffering. The Marmeladov family was in distress, and in poverty. Sonya had to commit a crime, to commit violence against herself: to engage in prostitution. Despite such a terrible price, she decides on this sin in order to save her loved ones from starvation. Sonya also helps Raskolnikov. She supports him at a difficult moment in his life, follows him to hard labor, thereby helping his soul to be healed and resurrected. A person, driven by sincere feelings and noble goals, cares about the welfare of others, without having any benefit from this. He has such qualities as mercy, disinterestedness, kindness. Such a person is capable of performing high, moral deeds under the influence of high spiritual feelings.

If feelings-passions enslave a person, this can lead to his moral death. One who has fallen under the influence of animals, low passions, becomes capable of disgusting, vile deeds. Arkady Ivanovich Svidrigailov - the complete opposite of Sonya Marmeladova - is such a person. Passions are raging in his life. He is voluptuous, cynical. Svidrigailov ruined the lives of other people, including his wife, Marfa Petrovna, whom, according to rumors, he poisoned. Arkady Ivanovich belongs to the type of people who have fallen under the harmful influence of destructive passions. People whose feelings are driven by such passions become selfish, their actions are destructive to others. They are driven not by high moral feelings, but by animal instincts.

Man is a rational being. This feature distinguishes it from other biological species. But a person who has completely fallen under the control of a cold, calculating mind becomes a cynical, cold machine capable of immoral acts. The problem of the victory of reason over feeling is clearly expressed in the main character of the novel "Crime and Punishment" - Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov. He is a slave to his theory, which is the fruit of his sick mind. The essence of this theory is that, in his opinion, people are divided into two categories: “the right of those who have”, to whom everything is permitted, and “trembling creatures”, who must obey them. This idea prevailed over Raskolnikov's personality, began to control him, led him to murder, cruel and ruthless. He killed the old pawnbroker Alena Ivanovna. One crime led to another. He accidentally killed the old woman's sister, Lizaveta, who unexpectedly appeared at the scene of the crime. An even more disgusting hero who lives by reason is Pyotr Petrovich Luzhin, "Raskolnikov's double." At the heart of his theory is the idea of ​​a strong personality who put himself above others. He, without disdaining anything, achieves his goals, uses people for his own benefit, without feeling pangs of conscience. He is an insensitive, selfish person. An indicator of this is, for example, the case of Sonya. Luzhin framed and dishonored her, accusing her of stealing money, which he himself planted on a defenseless girl. If the mind goes beyond the boundaries of what is permitted and enslaves the consciousness of a person, it can direct him on the wrong path, make him merciless and cruel.

The conflict between reason and feeling is familiar to almost every person. Someone prefers to live by reason, someone leans towards feelings. Some people under the influence of feelings-passions become immoral, low and immoral, other people's feelings ennoble, lead to the commission of noble, highly moral deeds. S.Ya.Marshak wrote: "Let your mind be kind, and your heart be smart." This means that reason and feeling must support each other, harmony between them is necessary, and although it is extremely difficult to achieve it, one must strive for it. 60 words (no quote in quotes)

Many fundamental questions that arise again and again in every generation among the majority of thinking people do not and cannot have a specific answer, and all arguments and disputes on this issue are nothing but empty polemics. What is the sense of life? What is more important: to love or to be loved? What are feelings, God and man on the scale of the universe? This kind of reasoning also includes the question of in whose hands is the dominance over the world - in the cold fingers of the mind or in the strong and passionate embrace of feelings?

It seems to me that in our world everything is a priori organic, and the mind can have some value only in conjunction with feelings - and vice versa. A world in which everything is subject only to reason is utopian, and the complete primacy of human feelings and passions leads to excessive eccentricity, impulsiveness and tragedies, which are described in romantic works. However, if we approach the question directly, omitting all sorts of “buts”, then we can come to the conclusion that, of course, in the world of people, vulnerable beings who need support and emotions, it is feelings that take on the managerial role. It is on love, on friendship, on spiritual connection that the true happiness of a person is built, even if he himself actively denies it.

In Russian literature, there are many contradictory personalities who unsuccessfully deny the need for feelings and emotions in their lives and proclaim reason as the only true category of existence. Such, for example, is the hero of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". Pechorin made his choice towards a cynical and cold attitude towards people as a child, faced with misunderstanding and rejection from the people around him. It was after his feelings were rejected that the hero decided that the “salvation” from such emotional experiences would be the complete denial of love, tenderness, care and friendship. Grigory Alexandrovich chose mental development as the only right way out, a defensive reaction: he read books, talked with interesting people, analyzed society and “played” with people’s feelings, thereby compensating for his own lack of emotions, but this still did not help him replace simple human happiness. In pursuit of mental activity the hero completely forgot how to be friends, and the moment when sparks of warm and tender feeling love, he forcibly suppressed them, forbidding himself to be happy, tried to replace it with travel and beautiful landscapes, but in the end he lost all desire and desire to live. It turns out that without feelings and emotions, any activity of Pechorin was reflected in his fate in black and white and did not bring him any satisfaction.

The hero of the novel, I.S., found himself in a similar situation. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The difference between Bazarov and Pechorin is that he defended his position in relation to feelings, creativity, faith in a dispute, formed his own philosophy, built on denial and destruction, and even had a follower. Eugene stubbornly and not in vain was engaged in scientific activities and devoted all his free time to self-development, but the fanatical desire to destroy everything that is not subject to reason turned against him in the toga. The whole nihilistic theory of the hero was shattered by unexpected feelings for a woman, and this love not only cast a shadow of doubt and confusion on all of Yevgeny's activities, but also greatly shook his worldview position. It turns out that any, even the most desperate attempts to destroy feelings and emotions in oneself are nothing compared to the seemingly insignificant, but such a strong feeling of love. Probably, the resistance of the mind and feelings has always been and will be in our lives - such is the essence of a person, a creature that is "amazingly vain, truly incomprehensible and eternally hesitant." But it seems to me that in this totality, in this confrontation, in this uncertainty lies the whole charm of human life, all its excitement and interest.

People are driven by different impulses. Sometimes they are driven by sympathy, a warm attitude, and they forget about the voice of reason. You can divide humanity into two halves. Some people constantly analyze their behavior, they are used to thinking through every step. Such individuals are practically not amenable to deception. However, it is extremely difficult for them to arrange their personal lives. Because from the moment they meet a potential soulmate, they begin to look for benefits and try to derive a formula for perfect compatibility. Therefore, noticing such a mindset, others move away from them.

Others are completely subject to the call of feelings. During love, it is difficult to notice even the most obvious realities. Therefore, they are often deceived and suffer greatly from this.

The complexity of relations between representatives of different sexes is that at different stages of the relationship, men and women use a reasonable approach too much, or vice versa, trust the choice of a course of action to the heart.

The presence of fiery feelings, of course, distinguishes humanity from the animal world, but without iron logic and some calculation it is impossible to build a cloudless future.

There are many examples of people suffering because of their feelings. They are vividly described in Russian and world literature. An example is the work of Leo Tolstoy "Anna Karenina". If the main character had not fallen in love recklessly, but had trusted the voice of reason, she would have remained alive, and the children would not have to experience the death of their mother.

Both reason and feelings must be present in consciousness in approximately equal proportions, then there is a chance for absolute happiness. Therefore, one should not refuse in some situations the wise advice of older and more intelligent mentors and relatives. There is a popular wisdom: "A smart person learns from the mistakes of others, and a fool learns from his own." If you draw the correct conclusion from this expression, you can humble the impulses of your feelings in some cases, which can adversely affect fate.

Although sometimes it is very difficult to make an effort on yourself. Especially if sympathy for a person overwhelms. Some feats and self-sacrifices are made out of great love for faith, country, and one's own duty. If the armies used only cold calculation, they would hardly raise their banners over the conquered heights. It is not known how the Great Patriotic War if not for the love of the Russian people for their land, relatives and friends.

Composition 2 option

Mind or feelings? Or maybe something else? Can reason be combined with feelings? This is the question every person asks himself. When you are faced with two opposites, one side screams, choose the mind, the other screams that you can’t go anywhere without feelings. And you don't know where to go and what to choose.

The mind is a necessary thing in life, thanks to it we can think about the future, make our plans and achieve our goals. Thanks to our mind, we become more successful, but it is the feelings that make people out of us. Feelings are not inherent in everyone and they are different, both positive and negative, but it is they that make us do unimaginable things.

Sometimes, thanks to feelings, people perform such unrealistic actions that it took years to achieve this with the help of reason. So what to choose? Everyone chooses for himself, having chosen the mind, a person will follow one path and, perhaps, be happy, choosing feelings, a completely different road promises a person. No one can predict in advance whether it will be good for him from the chosen path or not, we can draw conclusions only at the end. As to the question whether the mind and the senses can cooperate with each other, I think they can. People can love each other, but understand that in order to create a family, they need money, and for this they need to work or study. Here in this case, the mind and feelings act together.

It seems to me that these two concepts only start working together when you grow up. While a person is small, he has to choose between two paths, it is very difficult for a small person to find points of contact between reason and feeling. Thus, a person always faces a choice, every day he has to fight with it, because sometimes the mind can help in a difficult situation, and sometimes feelings are pulled out of a situation where the mind would be powerless.

Brief essay

Many believe that the mind and feelings are two things that are completely incompatible with each other. But to me, they are two parts of the same whole. There are no feelings without reason and vice versa. Everything we feel, we think about, and sometimes when we think, feelings appear. These are two parts that create an idyll. If at least one of the components is missing, then all actions will be in vain.

For example, when people fall in love, they must turn on their mind, since it is he who can evaluate the whole situation and tell the person whether he made the right choice.

The mind helps not to make a mistake in serious situations, and feelings are sometimes able to intuitively suggest the right path, even if it seems unrealistic. Mastering the two components of one whole is not as easy as it sounds. On the life path you will have to face considerable difficulties until you yourself learn to control and find the right facet of these components. Of course, life is not perfect and sometimes it is necessary to turn off one thing.

You can't always balance. Sometimes you need to trust your feelings and make a leap forward, this will be an opportunity to feel life in all its colors, regardless of whether the choice is right or not.

Composition on the topic Reason and feelings with arguments.

Final essay on literature Grade 11.

The worst month for birds is February. Winter is at war with the coming spring, having no desire to give in, and our small friends suffer from this.

Composition There is such a profession to defend the Motherland reasoning

There are many professions in the world, each person has to choose his own, to look for his vocation. “All professions are needed, all professions are important,” a well-known nursery rhyme tells us.

"Reason and feelings." Interpretation of concepts

Intelligence

1. Mind is the highest level cognitive activity human, the ability to think logically, generalized and abstract. (Efremova T.F. New dictionary Russian language. Explanatory derivational)
2. The ability to think universally, in contrast to the immediately given individual facts, with which the thinking of animals is exclusively occupied. (Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary)
3. Reason as a moral category is the ability of a person to be responsible for his actions, to predict the consequences of words and actions.
4. Reason allows a person to weigh everything, comprehend the main thing, the essence of what is happening, and, having comprehended, make the right decision about his actions and deeds.
5. The mind is able to objectively assess what is happening, not to succumb to emotions, to reason sensibly. This is an understanding of what is happening around and in the person himself.
6. It is the mind that allows a person to control his actions, not to go beyond what is permitted, those laws and moral principles that are accepted in society, that is, to behave "reasonably"
7. Reason is the ability of a person to single out true values ​​in life, to distinguish them from imaginary, false ones. Reasonably reasoning and analyzing, a person is able to choose the right moral guidelines, ideals.
8. Each person chooses his own path in life, for this he was given reason.

The senses

1. The ability of a living being to perceive external impressions, to feel, to experience something. ( Dictionary Russian language. Ed. D.N.Ushakova)
2. The internal, mental state of a person, what is included in the content of his mental life. (Efremova T. F. New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and derivational)
3. Feelings as a moral category is a person's ability to emotionally perceive everything around, experience, sympathize, suffer, rejoice, grieve.
4. A person can experience many different feelings. A sense of beauty, justice, shame, bitterness, joy, dissatisfaction, empathy and many, many others.
5. Feelings alone make him stronger. Others are ruined. And here the mind comes to the rescue, helping to take the right step.
6. Feelings make a person's life brighter, richer, more interesting, and simply happier.
7. Feelings allow a person to subjectively perceive the environment, evaluate what is happening depending on the mood in this moment. This assessment will not always be objective, and often very far from it. Feelings can overwhelm a person, and the mind is not always able to calm them down. Over time, things can look very different.
8. Feelings are the prevailing attitude of a person towards something. Many feelings become the basis of his character: a feeling of love for the Motherland, respect for loved ones, elders, a sense of justice, pride in the country.
9. Don't confuse feelings with emotions. Emotions are short-lived, often momentary. Feelings are more stable. They often define the essence of the individual.
10. A person lives by both reason and feelings. Both of these human abilities make life richer, more diverse, more valuable. Harmony of mind and feelings is a sign of high spirituality of a person. It allows him to live his life with dignity.

What should a person be guided by in his actions: reason or feelings?

The human soul is somewhat reminiscent of scales, on the bowl of which sometimes there are opposite concepts: good and evil, honor and dishonor, love and hatred, reason and feelings. Each time, performing any act, a person listens to his inner voice, expecting to hear instructions, a certain plan of action. But most often, the inner self seems to be divided into two parts: the voice of reason commands to do one thing, and the soul - completely different. Why should a person listen? In my opinion, in the event of such a conflict, you need to be able to find a compromise, choose something in between, because it is in this situation that it will be possible to equalize the bowls of internal scales, find harmony and real happiness with minimal suffering.

As a rule, the fate of people driven only by feelings and emotions is very tragic. They either torture themselves needlessly, or get lost in the labyrinth of life, or end up making irreparable mistakes. The person who drowned out the sober voice of reason with a melody of bright feelings is Georgy Zheltkov from A. Kuprin's story "Garnet Bracelet". Zheltkov is a petty official, but the social status does not prevent the hero from falling in love with Princess Vera Sheina. She, of course, does not reciprocate George, but he continues to love a woman with pure, disinterested love, not concealing his feelings. It seems that circumstances should extinguish the tenderness in Zheltkov's heart: Vera marries a prominent person, is happily married, knows only the modest initials of George and vaguely imagines the strength of his love - but the man loves Vera more and more every day. He acts contrary to common sense: he gives Sheina notorious gifts, writes letters, steals handkerchiefs. And this love leads to a real tragedy: realizing that his beloved will be unhappy because of him, that he destroys her calm family life with his fiery feeling, Zheltkov commits suicide. In my opinion, the reader, having learned about the fate of George, should understand that one cannot blindly believe the voice of the soul, one must listen to reason and try to achieve a state of balance.

People who rely in their lives only on dry arguments and mechanical reason are just as tragic as people of emotions. Sometimes in their actions they can seem completely inhuman, cruel, callous people. The hero of the epic novel by V. Hugo "Les Misérables" Javert relies only on the law, an imaginary justice that does not allow for correction and spiritual resurrection. In one of the episodes of the novel, a policeman sees Fantine, a courtesan from the bottom of social life, scolding a young gentleman. Javert forcibly takes the girl to the police station and sentences her to six months in prison, finally breaking the unfortunate Fantine. She tells the policeman that she is not to blame for the situation, the gentleman humiliated and insulted her in every possible way, and then put a handful of snow under the neckline of the open dress of Fantine, who was already dying from illness. Not of her own free will, she began to sell the body: her little daughter lives with innkeepers, all the money she earns goes only to support the girl. Previously, Fantine worked at the enterprise, but because of the denunciation of one of the workers, she was fired. However, even a terrifying story does not make any impression on the policeman, as if nothing can disturb his calm, emotionless soul. Watching people like Javert, we must understand that life without deep feelings is no life at all, but only a barren existence.

Not all mistakes can be corrected, not every act can be changed, and not every feeling can be resurrected by will alone. To avoid terrible consequences, a person must carefully consider his actions, relying on both reason and feelings equally, being able to listen to his inner self. A person must try to find that very golden mean, that very balance, that balance between reason and feeling, to be truly happy, to be truly alive.

567 words

The essay was written by Rita Kireeva, a user of our site. Published with minor stylistic revision.