Sequence of growth of milk teeth. How teeth grow in children, the order of eruption and the timing of appearance

The baby grows quickly, and now his first teeth are already appearing. You will read in this article about whether there is a temperature during teething in children, in what order milk teeth appear and what is the timing of teething in children, as well as how to help survive the unpleasant symptoms of teething in infants.

When do babies cut their first teeth?

Teething is an unpleasant and sometimes stressful process. But since it is impossible to avoid it, it is necessary to prepare for it. When do children start teething? In most babies, the first tooth appears at about 6 months, while a slight deviation towards later and earlier appearance is the norm.

Teething in children: sequence

In the milk bite, 20 teeth appear in children. The order of eruption of milk teeth, in contrast to permanent ones, is such that there are no premolars in the milk bite (these small molars are in 4th and 5th places in the permanent dentition between canines and molars).

"Schedule" of teething in children

6-8 months: 4 front incisor teeth, two central in each jaw; the lower central incisors appear first, then the upper central incisors; these teeth erupt in pairs and come into contact with each other, forming a certain bite height. At this time, the baby can already process food of little hardness with the first teeth.

8-12 months: 4 lateral incisors, two per mandible, then - two on top.

16-20 months: 4 fangs, two on each jaw. Pediatric dentists and pediatricians consider the eruption of these teeth to be the most difficult - both in terms of the anatomy of the tooth and in its location. The fangs make it possible to bite off "adult" hard food, but the baby cannot yet chew it.

20-30 months: 8 molars (large molars), 4 in each jaw. It is the molars that will allow the baby to chew bitten off solid food.

Thus, by the age of three (for some, by two and a half), 20 milk teeth erupt in a child.

Table of teething in children

Teeth out of time: why are they "in a hurry" or delayed?

The diagram shows the average time for the appearance of milk teeth, but for some of the babies they can erupt a couple of months earlier, for others - later. A deviation of 1-2 months is considered by experts to be the norm, because the timing of the appearance of the first teeth can be influenced not only by the menu of the mother and child, but also by heredity and even the season of the birth of the baby (for those who were born in spring and winter, teeth appear earlier than summer and autumn babies).

The deviation from the norm is either complete absence teeth at one year old baby, or their early eruption at the age of 2-3 months, or the birth of a child with teeth. In this case, the baby must be shown to the pediatrician, endocrinologist and dentist, who will notice in time possible development rickets or endocrine disease. The "schedule" of eruption is also important, so parents should pay attention to the sequence of appearance of milk teeth according to the natural pattern laid down by nature.

What can affect the timing of teething?

hereditary factors (if the eruption scheme was violated in the parents);
maternal smoking and other bad habits;
diseases transferred during pregnancy, as well as chronic diseases mother and father;
the timing of the birth of the child (prematurity, late delivery);
the course of the birth process;
ARVI and other diseases that the child suffered during the first months of life;
method of feeding (breastfeeding or artificial).

How to understand that a child is teething?

Teething in children, symptoms:

Capricious behavior is associated with the advancement of the tooth through the gum: this causes pain and itching. The kid tries to scratch his gums with any means at hand, bites, gets nervous. Help your child relieve unpleasant symptoms by purchasing a special teether.

Deterioration of appetite and even refusal of food (especially if it is hot). Taking the breast, the baby may try to bite the nipple. Help your baby by massaging his gums a little before feeding.

Unusual drowsiness, fatigue, fever, profuse salivation. The temperature in a child during teething should normally not be higher than 37.5-38 degrees, and its higher indicator signals other problems not related to teeth. The reason for the increase in temperature is inflammation of the gums, and abundant saliva creates a protective barrier against infections, performing a bactericidal and anti-inflammatory function. How long is the temperature during teething? No more than 3-4 days, while there is no sharp rise in temperature to high rates.

Relaxation of the stool (the stool acquires the consistency of "soft slurry", without changing its usual color), as well as its slight increase.

However, diarrhea during teething in children should not be, this is an alarming symptom.

Parents need to know:

If the child's temperature rises above 38 degrees, and diarrhea, vomiting, impaired consciousness and a rash join it, such symptoms are not at all associated with teething, but signal the presence of an infection. With such symptoms, it is urgent to call an ambulance or show the child to the pediatrician.

How to help a child with teething

Many mothers panic: “The child is teething, how to anesthetize?”. They can be understood, because even a small pain in a baby's mother is difficult to experience. However, it is important to be patient and not overdo it when helping, and to be aware that no medication is prescribed for teething. Only symptomatic help is possible: antipyretics and drinking plenty of water at a temperature, the use of painkillers - paracetamol or ibuprofen, airing the baby's room and maintaining a cool temperature in it, instilling a solution of sea salt into the spout, and also using a special gel when teething in infants. Teethers are good helpers, which can be cooled a little before giving to the baby. Some of them contain cooling gel inside.

Parents should also be aware of popular myths associated with teething in a baby:

“when teeth are cut, immunity decreases”: this is not true, immunodeficiency does not occur during teething;
“the child needs to endure the situation with teething”: it is not at all necessary to expose the baby to stress that disrupts his sleep and the ability to eat normally. If a teether or gel does not save, it is more humane to give the baby ibuprofen than to force him to endure incomprehensible experiences;
“if the gums are swollen, it means that teeth will appear soon”: this is not so, appearance gums does not report the timing of teething at all.
“here the teeth will erupt - and the rash (skin itching, redness, etc.) will go away by itself”: some infantile pathologies (for example, atopic dermatitis) may coincide in time with the appearance of teeth, but these diseases require treatment, and not waiting for it that "everything will resolve itself."
“vaccinations during teething are contraindicated”: this is not so, since there is no decrease in immunity during teething.
“when teeth are cut, it is better not to introduce new complementary foods”: this is not so, there is no reason for restrictions.
“until all the teeth are completely erupted, it is not necessary to brush them”: this is not true, teeth cleaning should be started already when the incisors erupt.
“with the eruption of the first teeth, night feedings must be abandoned, otherwise they will cause caries”: this is a myth, since breastfeeding (neither daytime nor nighttime) has nothing to do with the occurrence of caries.

All parents expect their baby's first tooth to appear. They prepare for the event by diligently studying the schedule of teething in children “approved” by doctors. What kind of fear settles in the hearts of mothers and fathers, if the child suddenly lags behind or overtakes his peers. And it happens that the child is completely “freaky” and grows teeth in a completely different order than expected. Is it normal? What should be the sequence of teething? At what age do baby teeth grow?

It is impossible to fit the development of each individual child under one schedule, so the timing of teething in children can vary greatly. Pediatricians indicate a tolerance of 6 months. from the norm, and in any direction.

In most babies, teeth begin to appear between 6 and 8 months of age. If the child is prone to acceleration, then this happy event can occur at 3-4 months. Boys are seen to be slightly behind girls. Anyway, by 12 months. Usually all children already have at least one tooth. If this is not the case, one of the following factors may be involved:

heredity - if the first teeth of the parents were late, then the situation will repeat in their child;
rickets caused by a lack of calcium;
hypothyroidism associated with a lack of thyroid hormones;
the inability of the body to digest and absorb nutrients normally;
adentia, or absence of tooth germs.

Do not worry too much if all the terms of eruption of milk teeth have come and gone, and the baby's mouth is empty. In 25% of cases, the absence of teeth in a child older than 1 year is in no way associated with developmental disabilities, but is an exclusively individual feature.

Subsequence

No less questions for young mothers arise regarding what is the most “correct” sequence of teething. This moment is as slippery as the optimal age of the child for the first tooth - it happens differently for everyone. However, there are two “rules” that govern the order in which teeth grow in children:

Pairing. Teeth of the same name appear at about the same time. Growing right upper incisor? Not far off and his left "comrade". Some babies are especially “lucky”: their teeth grow 4 at a time.
"Revolution from below". The standard pattern of tooth growth in children suggests that the lower teeth should appear first, and only then the upper teeth of the same name. The rule allows an exception regarding the lateral incisors: first they crawl out from above, and then from below.

Despite all its conventions and approximations, mothers usually focus on the following order of eruption of milk teeth:

Central incisors.
Side cutters.
First molars.
Fangs.
Second molars.

In many children, teeth begin to grow from above. Sometimes this turns out to be a consequence of rickets, but in many cases it is simply a feature of the development of a particular organism. It also happens that upper jaw several teeth are already “flaunting”, and on the lower one they have not even begun to peck. Do not worry too much about this: if the examination by the pediatrician did not show any deviations, then the child will grow the missing teeth very quickly. You just need to give it some time and maybe a little more calcium in the form of cottage cheese or milk. It should be remembered that the order of teething in children determined by doctors is an approximate scheme, and not an exact plan.

Teeth growth in children: table

№	*The name of the child's teeth*	Approximate age of appearance, months
1	Central lower incisors	6-9
2	Central upper incisors	7-10
3	Lateral upper incisors	9-11
4	Lateral lower incisors	11-14
6	first lower molars	12-18
5	first upper molars	13-20
7	lower fangs	16-22
7	upper fangs	17-23
8	second lower molars	20-26
8	second upper molars	26-33

Milk teeth in children: scheme

By the age of 2.5, almost all babies "collect" a complete set of milk teeth. As a result, the diagram of the child's teeth takes on the following form:

top row - 2-1-2
bottom row - 2-1-2,

that is, on each half of the jaw there are 2 molars, 1 canine and 2 incisors. Milk teeth are arranged symmetrically to each other. Their total number is 20: 10 on each jaw.

Partially, the scheme of teething in children is implemented in the following formula:

Number of teeth = Baby's age in months - 6.

For example. Toddler 15 months. According to the formula, he should have 9 teeth (15 - 6).

But you need to understand that such a calculation is extremely approximate and is suitable only for children under 2 years old.

Myths about teething

Despite the huge number of generations of babies that have passed through the hands of doctors, some false claims still remain valid. The catch is that they are based on the truth, but nevertheless are not true:

1. The generally accepted scheme of eruption of milk teeth is obligatory "for execution".

Indeed, most children's teeth grow in the same order and at a similar rate. But there are no exceptions. And the kids, whose first teeth erupted after a year, are not inferior to their peers in anything else. So there is no need to panic unnecessarily and look for signs of non-existent anomalies in the child. The growth rate and order of eruption of milk teeth is different for each baby.

2. Temperature, diarrhea, cough, runny nose and diaper rash - natural satellites teething.

At six months, the body of the child begins to run out of antibodies received “inherited” from the mother. The baby himself has not yet acquired his own, so the risk of getting sick increases dramatically. A temperature of 39 C and snot flowing like a river may indicate the presence of an infection that masquerades as teething. Other symptoms that are excessive for such a natural process cannot be ignored. Healthy and strong babies easily meet their first tooth.

3. You can not give the child a pacifier during teething, so as not to spoil his bite.

This rule is relevant only for permanent teeth. But most children under the age of 6 wean themselves from the habit of sucking a finger or a pacifier. So while the child is small, it makes no sense to deprive him of such a familiar way to calm down.

4. Milk teeth do not need to be looked after. It's okay if the child has caries: all the same, the teeth will soon change.

Oral hygiene is an integral part of caring for a baby. Holes and cracks in milk tooth are fraught with its rapid loss. It might seem like a small problem, but it's not. An empty place is never holy, and the rest of the teeth will begin to shift to the position of the “departed”. As a result, the molars will not be able to grow properly, and a visit to the orthodontist will become a severe necessity.

Children up to 12-18 months. you should clean your mouth with a special silicone fingertip. Then it is necessary to accustom the child to regular brushing: of course, you need to use a toothbrush that is appropriate for your age.

The first visit to the dentist should be made when the baby is 1 year old, and for a second appointment you need to come at 2-3 years old - with a full set of milk teeth.

No pattern of teething and descriptions of what is happening can give an idea of the whole gamut of feelings that the parents of the newly-minted "nibbler" experience. But the first tooth is only the first step on the way of a little person. He still has something to please his loved ones.

Yet

The order and timing of teething in children

What happens to the baby, what to expect from these difficult months, what actions to take and when, finally, will it all end? Teething usually begins closer to six months; on average, by the year the baby has 8 incisors, and the eruption of all 20 milk teeth should be completed by 2.5 - 3 years. but timing of teething can vary greatly - they depend on heredity, nutrition of the child. Therefore, the following possible dates and order of teething are very approximate:

The first lower incisors - 6-9 months.
The first lower incisors - 7-10 months.
The second (lateral) upper incisors - 9-12 months.
The second (lateral) lower incisors - 9-12 months.
The first upper molars - 12-18 months.
The first lower molars - 13-19 months.
Upper canines - 16-20 months.
Lower fangs - 17-22 months.
The second lower molars - 20-23 months.
The second upper molars - 24-26 months.

There was a time when it was believed that late teething was due to rickets, but this is not so! Numerous studies in this area show that delayed teething is common to many normally developing babies.

Often, milk teeth are located asymmetrically. Incorrect arrangement of milk teeth is not considered a disease! Such a "dental disorder" has every right to exist until the complete closure of the dentition, that is, until the first 16 teeth appear. Further, as a result of chewing food, milk teeth “grind” and fall into place.

teething problems

Parents should be aware of the following:

Delay in the timing of teething (longer than 1-2 months from the norm).
Earlier teething (earlier 1-2 months from the norm).
Violation of the sequence, the absence of one or another tooth.
Eruption of teeth outside the arch of the dentition.
Improper formation of the tooth itself.
Teething before birth.

Teething symptoms.

These situations may be the result of pathological processes in the body of the baby and require the consultation of a pediatrician. The only troubles that can be fully explained by the appearance of teeth can be considered a slight "capriciousness", salivation and the formation bad habits such as thumb sucking. Appetite may decrease, the rhythm of sleep and wakefulness will be disturbed due to constant itching of the gums.

How to ease teething

Remedy #1 when teething - double caress and care of parents. Do not be afraid to spoil the child; constant crying and whims spoil the character much more!

Remedy #2 Use of cutters. These are rubber or plastic toys that the baby can bite on. Especially soothing is the chewing of dental rings with liquid inside, which can be put in the refrigerator and cooled. An infant aged 6 months and older will feel better even after chewing on a clean, cold cloth.

Remedy #3 Delicate massage of the gums with a gauze pad. Wrap your index finger in a gauze pad soaked in cold water and gently massage your child's gums.

Remedy #4 A homeopathic medicine that must be prescribed by a pediatrician or homeopath.

Remedy #5 Pain-relieving gels containing a local anesthetic, such as lidocaine (available at pharmacies without a prescription). They numb the gums and thereby relieve pain.

All these measures will greatly facilitate the condition of the child during teething, and hence your well-being.

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An urgent question for most young mothers: how teeth grow in children, the order of eruption and the behavior of the child in one of the important stages of life. What does the baby experience during the period of the appearance of teeth, in what sequence should milk teeth grow in children. All these questions and more will be discussed below.

It is believed that pairwise eruption infant tolerates well. Not always this statement can be attributed to a particular baby. Someone very violently endures the period when the teeth erupt. This is the most dangerous moment: many mothers, not knowing how teeth are climbing, confuse influenza and SARS with teething and do not go to the pediatrician. As a result, the cold progresses and is complicated by pneumonia. Even if you are an experienced parent and know how teeth are cut, do not be too lazy to show the baby to the doctor. An extra examination and a child will not hurt anyone. In addition, you will receive valuable advice on alleviating the symptoms that can sometimes bring distress to the baby.

How to know when your teeth will erupt soon

During the period of eruption of milk teeth in children, various failures in the body can occur. While teeth are being cut, body temperature may rise, symptoms of SARS appear, as well as a number of other disorders. While the tooth is trying to get out of the gum, the body is under tremendous stress, despite the fact that teething is a physiological process.
Symptoms, as well as the sequence of teething, are individual and depend on the characteristics of the child's body.

In a child, at the time of the appearance of milk makers, the following are noted:

Salivation;
Tearfulness, lack of appetite;
The need to scratch the gums, the child does not release his hands from his mouth, pulls various objects into his mouth;
Insomnia;
Swelling and hyperemia of the gums.

Salivation

Salivation is one of the accompanying symptoms of how teeth grow in babies. Due to increased work salivary glands may appear:

Runny nose;
Hoarseness of voice;
Dry cough without sputum;
Minor indigestion;
Irritation on the chin, around the mouth and on the chest.

Disordered stool and vomiting

When teeth erupt in infants suffer digestive system. The stool is broken, a single vomiting may occur. This is due to increased salivation. Saliva flows into the stomach, provoking a gag reflex. If an increase in temperature joins these symptoms, most likely the teeth in children are not cut, but an infectious process develops in gastrointestinal tract. Uncontrollable vomiting and diarrhea may indicate:

Rotavirus infection;
food poisoning;
adenovirus infection.

Help the child requires qualified and immediate, in order to avoid dehydration. Feel free to call ambulance It is better to be safe than to blame yourself for negligence later.

As soon as the teeth begin to erupt in babies, the task of the mother is to help the baby cope with the pain and itching of the gums. Usually the front milk jugs erupt first, the child pulls toys into his mouth to alleviate his condition. Do not let your baby chew on everything, as there is a risk of injury to the gums. Provide the child with all kinds of devices that help the erupting "first-born" to be born.

So, you assume that teeth have begun to grow, help the child.

What can help:

Teether. It is made of latex and has a liquid or gel-like filler. Cool the device in the refrigerator and offer to the baby. Enjoying a useful toy will eliminate itching and burning sensation;
Massage your baby's gums. Soak a gauze pad in cool water, wrap it around your index finger and lightly massage your child's irritated gums. This procedure will not only help relieve itching, but also serve as a good hygiene measure. Be careful in movements, too much friction can cause injury to the crumbs' mouth;
Brush - fingertip. Provides complete hygienic care for the oral cavity and helps relieve discomfort from the eruption area;
Bottles and pacifiers. Completely satisfy the need of the crumbs to scratch the gums. It is important to choose the right shape and material of products. To avoid the formation of malocclusion, give preference to orthodontic pacifiers made of latex or silicone.

Do not worry about the timing of the appearance of teeth in children and the order of teething, it is important to help the child survive this period.

Not all children have milk ducts going smoothly. Trying to cope on her own, a tired mother gives up and goes to the pharmacy to purchase funds that alleviate the child's condition. There are a lot of drugs, but what can really help the baby?

Lozenges Dentokind.	Relieve the main symptoms associated with the appearance of dairy residents oral cavity. Children up to one year old are allowed. If the child does not appreciate the taste of the tablets, you can dissolve the product in a bottle with a drink or crush it in a teaspoon and dilute with water. The drug is not cheap, for 150 pills you will have to say goodbye to 1000 rubles. You can buy it at any pharmacy without a prescription from a doctor.
Kamistad.	Available in the form of a gel. Relieves inflammation, swelling, reduces pain and eliminates itching. Contains lidocaine and chamomile extract. Allowed from the age of three months. the cost is quite affordable and is about 200 rubles for a ten-gram tube.
Dantinorm Baby.	It is produced in solution, relieves pain in the oral cavity, and normalizes the digestive function. You can buy it without a prescription at any pharmacy. the price of the solution is about 350 rubles.
Solution or gel Dentinox.	It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. For packing you need to pay about 200 rubles.
Gel Holisal.	It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Do not use on children under 1 year old. A package of gel costs about 450 rubles (15 g).
Kalgel.	Gel preparation based on lidocaine. Allowed for children from 5 months of age. anesthetizes and cools, relieving itching.

Gels are not always effective during the period of mass appearance of teeth. In this case, pediatricians are advised to give the baby analgesics that are allowed by age.

Paracetamol suspension helps a lot. The drug is given no more than 1 time in 8 hours. It has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. Medicine can be given no more than 3 days.

Children's Panadol is an antipyretic and analgesic based on paracetamol. Syrup and candles are suitable for children.

Under no circumstances should you give your child acetylsalicylic acid. The drug in children can cause gastric bleeding. Even if you give a quarter of a tablet, the body's response can be unpredictable.

Reason to see a dentist

There are situations when the child should be shown to the dentist. If your child has teeth:

Got out very early;
Absent for a long time;
Curves come out or one is missing;
grow incorrectly;
With a changed color of enamel;
With weak enamel that breaks off, cracks appear;
They break off and wash off.

All of the above factors, of course, require an appeal to specialists. But do not despair, it happens that an elementary adjustment of the diet or the introduction of fortified food helps to restore healthy teeth.

A newborn is born with embryonic rudiments of teeth: and sixteen, which can be seen on an x-ray.

Children's tooth growth table is an average documented from observation of babies all over the world.

They depend on the genetic properties, climatic zone, characteristics of the course of pregnancy, the health of the baby, and nutrition.

Symptoms of teething in an infant

Temporary teeth begin to appear in the first year of life.

The main manifestations associated with most infants are as follows:

the gums of the alveolar ridge are sensitive, swollen, a whitish tubercle is clearly visualized through them;
increased salivation is manifested by profuse salivation, sometimes rashes on the chin, neck, chest from irritation with saliva;
appetite suffers, weight gain may decrease to minimum scores or completely absent;
sleep in infants is disturbing, restless due to constant itching and soreness;
children are whiny, prone to whims, pull hands, objects into their mouths, try to bite.

By the age of two or three, the second premolars (molars) come out.

To facilitate orientation in the timing of the appearance of milk teeth, a special formula is used, which is also very approximate:

B - 6 = K, where
- IN- the expressed age of the baby in months;
- TO- How many teeth should erupt in a baby by this age.

According to this difference, the average one and a half year old child has 18 - 6 = 12 teeth.

Norms and violations

There is no strict sequence, specific time periods for the appearance of a particular tooth: everything is purely individual, but there are conditions that indirectly declare the presence of a disease.

Delaying the appearance of teeth by more than three to five months is alarming in relation to:
- rickets;
- infections;
- diseases of the digestive system;
- violation metabolic processes in the baby's body.
Too early - 2-2.5 months before the generally accepted norm of eruption, may be the result of a failure in endocrine system child.
Violation of the sequence of the appearance of teeth - may be the result of a pathologically proceeding pregnancy.
The reasons for the violation of the natural development of the tooth - its size, shape, location, color, the formation of enamel defects - are analyzed and corrected by a specialist.

Rarely, but there is an abnormal eruption, in which the teeth appear already in the prenatal period: the baby is born with teeth in the mouth.

How to help a child with pain

There are many techniques and remedies to relieve itching and pain during teething in children. The effectiveness of each of them is individual, it is not easy to find for a particular child, but it is quite possible:

Liquid or gel-filled rings specially designed for children to help reduce local symptoms. The disadvantage of these funds is the need for their constant cooling.
Among silicone or latex dismounts, preference is given to specially designed orthodontic models. By biting them, the children calm down the overthrow, while there is no negative effect on the bite, the growth of teeth.
Carrying out a gentle massage of the gums with a finger or with a fingertip-brush. Using this method, they not only relieve itching and anxiety, but also maintain proper oral hygiene and teach them to take care of their teeth.

In severe cases, they resort to the help of local painkillers that relieve itching, cooling medications:

Dentinox (Germany)- a combination of chamomile flower extract and relieves pain and inflammation. Release form - drops, gel.
Kalgel (Poland)- anesthetic lidocaine in combination with antimicrobial agent, the drug has a sweet taste. Unlike other lidocaine gels, it can be used up to 6 times a day.
Mundizal (Germany)- antimicrobial, cooling analgesic in the form of a gel with the smell of anise.
Baby Doctor First Teeth (Israel)- herbal preparation, contains extracts of calendula, marshmallow root, plantain, chamomile, echinacea. Has no taste, smell, hypoallergenic. It has analgesic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. The frequency of application to the gums is not limited.
Dantinorm Baby (France)- a complex homeopathic solution for oral administration, containing only natural ingredients. Relieves inflammation, relieves pain, restores digestive function.
(Switzerland)- adhesive dental paste, when applied, adjacent to the gum and remaining on it for up to 5 hours. It has a quick local analgesic effect, increased nutrition of the gums, accelerated regeneration.

Principles for using dental gels to relieve teething symptoms:

observe careful hand hygiene when rubbing the medicine into the child's gums;
it is necessary to apply funds only for pain, in the absence of symptoms, the medication is not used;
most gels are used three times a day, no more than three days in a row;
if it is possible to avoid applying the drug, they prefer to refuse to use it.

The choice of a drug for the removal of local manifestations during the eruption of milk teeth is carried out, taking into account the recommendations of a pediatrician or pediatric dentist.