The problem of people's attitude to old age arguments. An elderly person in society - the main problems and ways to solve them

Should a person be held accountable for their actions? This question is answered by the author of the text, V. Ekimov.

The problem raised by the author is extremely relevant today. V. Ekimov is concerned about the attitude towards an elderly person on the part of people close to him. With bitterness, he writes about an old nanny who ended up in a nursing home. The author is concerned about her fate. Once the family needed her, but the children grew up and left her.

This situation begins to disturb the narrator as well.

Let's listen

to the voice of the author. His character-narrator is an irresponsible person who does not know where the old nanny Maryana was buried. But she once loved, raised him. But conscience begins to wake up in him, which means that he is not a hopeless person, which is why the rhetorical question at the end of the text sounds so alarming.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin loved his nanny very much and dedicated poems to her. For example, “Winter evening” and “To the nanny”. Michael

Yuryevich Lermontov loved and revered his grandmother, who raised and raised him herself.

And here is an example from Life. In my city there is a charity center where lonely old people and orphans are. We often visit them and try to surround them with care.

Unfortunately, we often make mistakes in life, but we must try to live in such a way that our conscience does not torment us.

“Honor your father and mother,” says biblical wisdom. Let's always remember these "golden words".

The problem of indifference towards the elderly.

The family plays an important role in the life of every person. The people who surround the child are able to influence his development, the disclosure of talents. But there come times when those who raised us need help. Therefore, children, having matured, should take care of a decent life for their elders.

In this text for analysis, the author raises the problem of indifferent attitude towards elderly, close relatives. This question, posed by B.G. Ekimov, is relevant in modern world because now there is a fundamental change in human values. People pay more attention to material needs, relegating family, relatives and close people to the background.

B.P. Ekimov reveals this problem on the example of the life drama of the protagonist's nanny. Maria Ivanovna devoted a lot of time to other people's children, giving them all her love and affection, but in her old age she remained completely alone, an unnecessary old woman in a nursing home.

In support of my words and the position of the author, I would like to cite as an example the work of K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram9. The girl Nastya, living in Leningrad, receives a telegram stating that her mother is seriously ill. The affairs of the main character seem to her more important than her sick mother, but when Nastya realized the possible loss of the person closest to her, the girl decides to go to her mother but it's already too late.

Another example can be found in the work of A.S. Pushkin "The Stationmaster". Dunya, the daughter of Samson Vyrin, while living at the station, met the young captain Minsky and decided to leave with him, leaving her father alone. All attempts by the caretaker to find the daughter end in failure. He dies a year later. Dunya was never able to meet him again.

Thus, it becomes clear that we should not forget about those people who are important to us, because the family is the main value in the life of every person.

(1) We did not have to wait for letters from Maryana, our old nanny. (2) My father and I decided to visit her.

(Z) A well-maintained nursing home for former party workers stood in a rare suburban forest. (4) Maryana came out of the house to us with her usual joyful smile from ear to ear. (5) But only this broad smile, and even the bearish clumsiness of movements, remained from the completely gray-haired nanny. (6) Moreover, as before, she ground her tongue without interruption.

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From this article you will learn:

How do older people feel about modern society are they always respected

What problems do people face after retirement?

How is the adaptation of older people in society

What is the importance of the family and the help of loved ones in the life of an elderly person?

An inexplicable thing - life! Young people dream of retiring sooner to enjoy freedom. Elderly people are afraid of a new status, old age, the feeling of uselessness in society. How does it work? Aging is a natural stage of life, just like birth or growing up. Each age has its own tasks, its own charm, its own outlook on life. It's no secret that many older people surprise with their optimism and hard work, delight with a thirst for life that twenty-year-olds envy. What's the secret? Can old age in our society be bright, active and happy? What is needed for this? We raise such an interesting topic in our article.

What role does the elderly play in society?

What does old man mean? How long does it take to “live” for society to recognize you as an elderly person: 60 or 100 years? Science and history answer this question concretely. From the time of Ancient Rome to the Middle Ages, the average life expectancy was no more than 20-25 years. Until the beginning of the 20th century, it had changed little: both in Europe and in Russia, it barely reached 30 years. For some half a century, namely by the 60s of the last century, life expectancy has doubled and has already reached 60-65 years, and this is not the limit. At the present stage, it reaches 75, and, by the way, do not forget that scientists claim that human beings are programmed by nature for 120 years. Is our society ready for this?

Old man in society - an elder, a leader, a sage - has always been revered. They turned to him in difficult situations, asked for advice. He was the guardian of traditions, punished and pardoned. Large families are now rare, a sharp increase in life expectancy, advanced medicine, mass migration to cities with a gap family ties did their job. The rapid development of technical means has replaced live family communication. Those who keep up with it and earn a lot are satisfied with progress. Entire generations were out of work, and first of all it concerns the elderly.

Only a few today are beginning to understand how much we will lose if right now we do not turn to our native roots, family values, wisdom and the invaluable experience of older people.

Elderly people in modern society have earned the right to a dignified old age with their work and dedication. It should be filled with meaning and the possibility of self-realization.

Since 1990, the Day of Older Persons has been celebrated all over the world. But in Japan, since 1966, the Day of honoring the elderly has been celebrated. For some, this is a holiday - the Day of Wisdom, the day of meeting friends and like-minded people, the day nice words gratitude, meeting with grandchildren, a day of surprises and gifts. And for some, this is a reminder of age and a reason to grumble about old age. In any case, this is an impetus for those around us, for society to look around, turn to face the problems of the elderly, and surround them with care for centenarians. Who today can be considered as such?

The United Nations has an exact figure, this is the age of 90 years.

There are many such people around the world today. Known record holders. For example, a resident of France, Jeanne-Louise Calment, lived for 122 years. Her record for life expectancy has not yet been broken, tk. it is documented and officially certified. I wonder how she was able to maintain strength and health to such an advanced age? There is no answer to this question, moreover, it would not appeal to supporters of a healthy lifestyle. The famous centenarian did not refuse either port wine or cigarettes, and quit smoking only five years before her death. Port wine, olive oil and chocolate are the foods that Kalman is grateful for her longevity.

An interesting case that happened to Kalman. As a 90-year-old elderly lady, she sold her house in 1965 on a reverse mortgage. This means that until her death, the amount must be paid in installments. The 47-year-old lawyer triumphed over the obvious benefits of the deal, but as a result, the French long-liver turned out to be the winner. She not only survived the lawyer, the buyer of the apartment, but also received rent from his widow.

There are absolutely fantastic facts, confirmed by some sources. The Chinese Li Qingyun is credited with 255 years, they even provide documents about the years of his life: from 1677 to 1933.

There are many centenarians in Switzerland, Italy, France. But the country-champion in this regard is Japan. There are 2,890 Japanese for one hundred-year-old person there; in Russia, this figure is much more modest.

The place of the elderly in modern society

It would seem, what to talk about? An elderly person in society should be respected and honored. But the history of the development of mankind says that everything was not so perfect. The position of older people in society is changing rapidly, like on a rollercoaster ride. The facts of history are inexorable: the situation of an elderly person in different centuries, in different eras, in different countries has always been ambiguous. This means that older people could not influence this very society to alleviate their social position.

Imagine a painting titled "The Old Man". Have you got a kind portrait of a peaceful and happy grandfather surrounded by children and grandchildren? You are lucky. More often, people see a decrepit person, tortured by problems and illnesses, counting pennies on a roll at the cash register. Alas, the truth is unpleasant, but the situation of the elderly in modern society call it prosperous . It’s a miracle if kindred spirits, children or grandchildren, help financially, make repairs, get treated in a paid clinic.

The oxymoron "older person in society" is not fiction. A lonely person, past whom life rushes by - that's the reality. The worst thing is when an elderly person suffers from loneliness in his family. Then he, like no one else, needs the support of society.

Elderly people in the structure of society and the state

Aging- this is a natural process, a pattern not only of human development, but of the whole society. The participation of older people in the structure of society and the state is one of the indicators of the aging of society, it is usually presented as a percentage. It should be noted that older people are considered to be persons 60-65 years old.

"Young", if the proportion of older people aged 65 and over is 4%;

"Mature" if the proportion of older people is between 4 and 7%

"Old" - older people over 7%;

“Deeply old”, when the proportion of older people is already more than 10% of the whole society.

The events of recent years and statistics force us to break the established framework and require that one more phase be included in the tables - deep demographic old age. The fact is that in many countries the proportion of older people aged 60 years and older has long exceeded the established 10 percent!

What is the situation in Russia? Recent studies confirm the unfavorable demographic trend. On the one hand, there is a reduction in the number Russian population, on the other hand, its rapid aging. If we compare the statistics of 60 years ago, then the proportion of older people in the social structure of Russian society today has tripled, while the number of children has halved over the same period. If we take into account the classification of the UN, then Russia belongs to the category of "old" states. And this is true, because every fifth inhabitant of our country belongs to the elderly, and in some areas the elderly population is almost a third.

Elderly person in society and family

The status of an elderly person in society is inextricably linked with his position in the family. Everyone would dream of living in old age in a quiet family nest surrounded by caring children and grandchildren. The family is what remains with an elderly person after retirement. The joy of being useful to society, the need for communication, mutual assistance - all this is vital to maintain the tone of an elderly person. Only relatives can understand that the forces are no longer the same as before, diseases are overtaking more and more often, and there is not enough energy to overcome the previous loads. The elderly need special care, special nutrition. Where, no matter how in the family, a person of advanced years can be useful and happy from this! It is here that the front of his worries, work, advice, demonstration of his experience and wisdom.

Whether the older generation and the younger will get along depends on everyone, together they form the psychological climate in the family. Only elderly people will most likely suffer from an unfriendly home atmosphere. They are more restrained in the manifestation of emotions, from the height of their lived years they look at the situation more calmly, often forgiving their relatives rude words and misunderstanding. The well-being of an elderly person will be better if the family finds a balance of mutual understanding and patience, distributes significant responsibilities in the family among grandparents, grandchildren and children. For an elderly person, the role of the family increases over the years, where he is valued and respected. However, as well as his dependence on it as he ages.

Accustomed to work, once retired, older people experience discomfort. Therefore, their activity in family affairs is understandable and adequate. Their adult children make a mistake when they do not trust them with simple household chores, sincerely believing that it is time for parents to relax. Or, on the contrary, they dump a lot of cases and problems on an elderly person, believing that he is free. Finding a middle ground, more often being interested in the opinions of the older family members themselves, giving them the opportunity to fully participate in housekeeping and raising grandchildren - all this will solve the problem of adapting the elderly to society during the aging period.

Our world is cyclical, everything repeats itself. Grandchildren see with what care and patience their parents treat their old people, they themselves are involved in an interesting process of transferring life experience. Parents who raised such children will not be left without the help of their grown chicks when the time comes for their old age and illness. Human society has long been familiar with the law of life: respect old age. And the point is not even that you will no longer be young, and old age cannot be avoided, and arrogance towards the elderly will return like a boomerang. In modern society, there is today such a strange consumer attitude towards the elderly. What was lost in the family, why did that thread of unity of kindred souls break? Why do we, the older and younger generations, stubbornly refuse to give in, understand, listen to each other, why, along with the problem of loneliness in old age, a gulf in the human relations of relatives is added to society?

Elderly people in modern society and their interests

Many older people are very painful about retirement, they do not want to come to terms with forced idleness. The phrases “well-deserved rest”, “rest, you deserve it” mean for them “go away, we can do without you”. Therefore, retirement should be perceived as an opportunity to do something interesting, for which there was always not enough time: grandchildren, flower beds, creativity - from knitting to singing in a choir. The social activity of older people is invaluable for society. Various professional associations, clubs, veteran organizations are being created for the participation of older people in the life of society. Recently, faculties of the “third age” have loudly declared themselves at universities, because it is never too late to study. The purpose of these classes is to support older people with active life position in acquiring new knowledge. This will help them adapt to a new life and thereby improve its quality. Indeed, even at the age of 60 it can be interesting to learn how to communicate in English, learn the basics of psychology, design, plunge into local history or try to understand the economy.

Yes, it is in economics, here one cannot do without analytical thinking. And this is typical of our old people. The Compulenta news portal expressed an interesting idea: the inevitable aging of the human brain does not lead to the disappearance of any of its functions, but redistributes the load between its departments. Something is weakening, but something is improving, in particular, analytical skills. Here is another proof of the power of the wisdom of the elderly. The statement is unfounded: the results of a study by the University of Texas were announced, everything is detailed in the journal Psychological Science. From the residents of Michigan formed three age groups: 25-40 years old, 41-59 and people over 60 years old. All participants, and there were 247 people, were asked to express their opinion on the social problems of a society of national importance. What was the amazement of the experimenters when older people coped with the task better than others. This is understandable: older people in society are observant, they understand the aspirations and thoughts of young and old people. That is why they understand that everyone in our society has different values, and they try to find a compromise in the various conflicts of social groups. Analyzing these problems, older people tried to find an acceptable solution not for their age group, but for the whole society. American scientists have proven that the excellent ability of the elderly to social interactions does not depend on intelligence, education or social status. Older people in solving the above problems were ahead of middle-aged participants with the appropriate economic education.

Participation of older people in society: outstanding examples

The Internet, newspapers and magazines talk with admiration about people of advanced years who have found themselves in creativity, sports, art and lead an interesting and healthy lifestyle.

Igor Goldman, 78 years old. Weightlifter, scientist.

Old age for Goldman is the absence of physical and intellectual work, the end of plans and accomplishments. He does not agree with this, therefore, at the age of 78, he easily lifts 130 kilograms on the bar. No wonder he actively participates in international powerlifting competitions, has the title of champion of Russia, sets world records. He used his education, and he is a biologist, to develop an individual training system. Using the nature and mechanics of movements human body, Goldman set a goal: training should improve performance and protect the body from injury. The weightlifter is successfully engaged in science; modern science. About ten years ago he became interested in journalism, his articles can be found in the magazine "Youth". His book "Stalin had to die" is interesting for its discoveries, the recollections of eyewitnesses. Society expects new works from him, already prepared for publication.

Yegor Mishustin, 88 years old. Athlete-weightlifter.

Super-grandfather, as those who know him call Yegor Mishustin. Lives by the principle “Movement is life! You can't give up!" This is what helped him achieve brilliant results in kettlebell lifting in the age group over eighty years old. His name is recorded in the Russian Book of Records, Yegor Mishustin can lift an eight-kilogram weight sixty times in 2 minutes! At the age of 50, I decided to get higher education and learned that he would not be accepted to the sports department due to heart problems. But all his life he went in for sports, was a physical education teacher, won cycling races. Now the Master of Sports of international class lives in the city of Korocha, Belgorod Region, and maintains his athletic shape by working as an instructor at the DOSAAF shooting range.

John Lowe, 92, ballet dancer.

The opinion of a native of Witchford (Great Britain) John Lowe is as follows: you need to find something that will completely change your life. John was lucky, he found the ballet, or rather, himself in the ballet. “My hobby makes me keep my back straight and deceive my age,” and he is not small - 92 years old. John Low is a veteran of World War II, was a prisoner of Japanese military camps. He has been an art teacher all his life. And now ... dancing ballet! Coming to the dance class at the age of 79 with a secret desire to learn how to tap, he now has a party in the performances of Prokofiev's "The Stone Flower" and Strauss's "The Artist's Life". Children and eleven grandchildren did not dissuade the elder Lowe from dreaming. They helped to equip a hall in his house for daily exercises at the barre with the condition that he still would not do 360-degree turns. Society admires such examples!

Grace Cook, 91, rock musician.

Many grandmothers, hearing the sounds of rock music from the rooms of their grandchildren, involuntarily wince. But not Grace Cook! In England, she is known as "a damn beast with a guitar." Indeed, many young people are inferior to this woman from London. Music for Grace has always been a favorite pastime. Therefore, when the English director, working on a film about the elderly, but not discouraged by the British, offered to create the oldest musical group, she did not refuse. The musical group does not claim to earn money and fame, 80-year-old rock musicians understand the comic nature of their performances. No wonder they took the name "The Zimmers", the same as the company that produces walkers for the elderly. However, the group has been at the peak of fame for several years now, rock stars sing, play and dance to the delight of people, infecting society with their optimism!

What is the attitude towards the elderly in modern society

The attitude towards the elderly in society is a mirror of the civilization of any state. It is society as a whole that is responsible for its old people, for their demand, financial situation, social status, psychological condition. In different states, the attitude towards older people is different: somewhere they don’t dare to sit down if the elder is in the room, and somewhere a house without old people is considered destitute, inferior.

But the opinion of gerontologists is not encouraging. No matter how hard we try to make the life of older people easier, more fulfilling, our attitude towards them is deteriorating. Why? Respect for old age is one of the first moral laws of life. But progress, the development of society turns into a cruel joke for us. The attitude towards old people, as to ballast, which existed among primitive savage peoples, unfortunately, is returning. We still do not understand that we will not be able to do without the elderly, society will become poorer, lose its core.

How does the adaptation of older people in society

The process of getting used to one's age, to the new status of an elderly person in society is often associated with age adaptation, when the lived years lead to a deep age crisis. What causes age-related disadaptation?

Old man:

Analyzes the life lived (compares dreams, plans and implementation, looks to the future with apprehension);

Facing health problems;

Saying goodbye to the usual way of life.

In every joke, as you know, there is some truth. Why do people retire? Answer: so that the work does not interfere with the pain. Unfortunately it's true. Nearly every older person experiences chronic diseases, with complications of occupational ailments. Many are suddenly aware of the risk of becoming disabled. The statistics are relentless, and they say that 80 percent of older people over 75 have serious health problems. This violates the plans, the natural way of life, leads to disability, which in turn turns into shock and suffering for such a person.

The adaptation of older people in modern society can be painless if both caring relatives and future pensioners themselves are ready for it. But here's the problem: most of them are left without support, they suffer from loneliness, which makes rehabilitation protracted and difficult.

The opinion of the largest Russian scientist in the field of social policy E.I. Single. She believes that retirement should be prepared no less carefully than for other significant events in life. Everyone understands that, having retired, an elderly person finds himself in a stressful situation. An elderly person may not immediately adapt to society. The former so familiar life is destroyed, material and psychological difficulties appear. An elderly person in society feels superfluous, unclaimed. The fear of being alone drives older people, delaying retirement. Socialization in old age works in the same way as career guidance in youth. Society should help the elderly to decide on the question: what's next? What do I want to do? Where can I find like-minded people?

In this way, social adaptation older people in society should help the future pensioner find his place in life, determine the range of roles in society that will correspond to the new status.

Problems of the elderly in modern society

Everyone has enough problems, but the main problems of older people in modern society are obvious, these are:

Medical and social;

Socio-psychological;

Problems of deterioration in the quality of life.

Medico-social problems are associated with the deterioration of health in old age. Agree, this is not necessary, but most often it happens. No one plans to get sick in old age, but our stressful work, the endless struggle for well-being, worries about loved ones and children, their problems make themselves felt. In our society, as a rule, a pensioner cannot apply for quality medical care. On the one hand, old age is no longer de facto considered a reason for medical care: “Years! What do you want…”. On the other hand, free medicine, with rare exceptions, is not distinguished by strong diagnostics, effective high-tech equipment, and paid medicine is often simply not available to our pensioners. It turns out running in a circle: a disease, an exacerbation, a chronic form, a decline in mood, a decrease in tone, fixation on one's illness, loss of interest in life.

We see the socio-psychological problems of older people in modern society in the following: after retirement, many people seem to fall into a vacuum: life goes on, but it is empty and deaf around them. This is not happening because, having changed their social status, they find themselves overboard in life, not in demand by society in their rich professionalism and experience. It so happened that, apart from work, older people did not see anything, they initially did not have any parallel hobbies in life. Unable to live without work, without the employment to which they have devoted themselves, older people face loneliness, because they have lost friends over the years of service and have not noticed how their own children have grown. Hence there are problems in the family, the conflict of generations. Older people have to try on a completely different image. Only a few are happy, and the majority cannot come to terms with the new status of a “loafer” and sees retirement as the end of life, the collapse of hopes, the mismatch between themselves and the ideals of youth. There is depression, in severe cases, suicidal tendencies, a feeling of blackness and emptiness.

The problem of deterioration in the quality of life is explained by the low material and financial support of the elderly. This problem, of course, is typical not only for our country. The level of pensions, which in modern Russia, it is worth noting, are paid on time, is insufficient to ensure a decent old age. All attempts to catch up with inflation with the help of indexation, although they are carried out constantly, do not cover the rise in prices. Elderly people have to choose where, after paying utility bills, to direct the remaining funds: for medicinal needs or food.

18 principles that can improve the position of older people in society

It is gratifying that older people stand up for their rights. In 1991, the UN General Assembly developed the "International Plan of Action on Aging and Related Activities". This is very relevant and far-sighted: according to the Demographic Committee, by 2025 the number of people over 60 will increase by 7 times. The aging of the world's population is a proven pattern, and this must be taken into account. The rights of the elderly have been clearly defined in the UN principles of "Making life full of life for the elderly", which were successfully implemented already in 1999. This memorable year was called the International Year of Older Persons.

Eighteen principles have been developed, which can be divided into 5 main groups. These are independence, participation, care, realization of inner potential, dignity.

What is included in each concept?

Independence. It is easy to guess that we are talking about a personal choice, and most importantly, about the availability of necessary medical care, food, and accommodation for an elderly person. This is achieved with the help of the state, the family and the individual himself. How? If an elderly person has not made a decision to stop working, he cannot be deprived of income. He himself can change his occupation to a more feasible one, but in that case he will have access to state retraining programs in order to support himself financially. In case of loss of strength, self-service skills, think over help so that an elderly person does not forcibly leave his house.

Participation. It speaks for itself: the invaluable experience of an elderly person for society should be used for the common good. The appearance of a mass of free time will allow pensioners to be actively involved in social work. The state should listen to them, giving them the opportunity to create their own movements and associations that society needs.

Care. Each family, country has its own traditions and understanding of care and concern for the elderly. However, this area also needs state control. Lonely older people need to be sure that they will not be left in trouble and that they will be able to receive affordable services to maintain their physical and mental health. Whatever age, status, financial situation an elderly person is, he should be able to enjoy and enjoy all human rights and freedoms, including respect for dignity, beliefs and the right to make independent decisions.

Realization of internal potential. The choice of religion, opportunities in the field of culture, education, spiritual life and, finally, recreation - all that he should have access to.

Dignity. If everything stated above were performed flawlessly, this item would simply not be needed. However, in our not always fair and adequate society, the rule will be useful: an elderly person is an equal and full member of society, with his rights to a decent and safe life in the absence of any exploitation or humiliation, regardless of nationality, faith, gender, age, state of health and welfare.

These principles cannot please only those who do not understand that old age is inevitable for everyone. This document is aimed at the acceptance of an elderly person in an adequate, developed society. To help him achieve a satisfactory quality of life, to support and provide conditions for a full and fruitful life is also the concern of society.

Should a person be held accountable for their actions? This question is answered by the author of the text, V. Ekimov.

This situation begins to disturb the narrator as well.

Let's listen to the voice of the author. His character-narrator is an irresponsible person who does not know where the old nanny Maryana was buried. But she once loved, raised him. But conscience begins to wake up in him, which means that he is not a hopeless person, which is why the rhetorical question at the end of the text sounds so alarming.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin loved his nanny very much and dedicated poems to her. For example, "evening" and "To the nanny." Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov loved and revered his grandmother, who raised and raised him herself.

And here is an example from . In my city there is a charity center where lonely old people and orphans are. We often visit them and try to surround them with care.

Unfortunately, we often make mistakes in life, but we must try to live in such a way that our conscience does not torment us.

The problem of people's attitude to old age arguments. An elderly person in society - the main problems and ways to solve them

Other works on this topic:

The problem of indifference towards the elderly.

What role does the elderly play in society?

The place of the elderly in modern society

Elderly people in the structure of society and the state

Elderly person in society and family

Elderly people in modern society and their interests

Participation of older people in society: outstanding examples

What is the attitude towards the elderly in modern society

How does the adaptation of older people in society

Problems of the elderly in modern society

18 principles that can improve the position of older people in society