The structure of the jaw and teeth in humans: canines, molars and incisors. How human teeth are arranged: structure, layout, photo Types of human teeth

A beautiful smile is fashionable. Therefore, dental health is given great attention these days. Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of their impeccable appearance, although modern dental developments can bring them as close as possible to the ideal.

In our article, we will not talk about this. We will discuss anatomical structure human tooth, the scheme of which is given on our website.

The molars are the only human organ that does not regenerate on its own.. That is why they need to be protected and regularly monitored for any changes in their condition. After all, it is not without reason that a regular examination by a dentist every 6 months is recommended.

Molar teeth require careful care

If we consider enlarged, then each molar, the photo of which can be seen on our website, consists of a crown and a root part. Crown part- the one that is above the level of the gums, is covered on top with the most durable tissue in the human body - enamel, which protects its softer inner layer - dentin, which is the basis of the tooth.

Despite the strength and reliability, enamel is incredibly susceptible to external influences. Violate her condition can, and poor care, and bad habits, and heredity. Pathogenic bacteria enter the cracks in the enamel, causing intense tissue destruction. A person develops a carious process that also captures dentin.

If left untreated, the infection penetrates into the root part, acute pulpitis and other equally dangerous ailments develop.

As for the structure of the root part, then its main elements are arteries, veins and nerve fibers that feed the tooth. They are located in the pulp root canal and through the apical opening they are connected to the main neurovascular bundle.

The dentin below the gum level is covered with cement, which is attached to the periodontium with the help of collagen fibers. The roots of human teeth, the photo illustrates them very well, are hidden in the alveoli - a kind of depressions in the jawbone.

Any defeat requires its complete removal. A broken root cannot be restored.

The structure of the jaw and molars of an adult deserves a separate section. This will be discussed below.

Types of human teeth

When visiting a dental office, we hear different, unusual names for our ears and, sometimes, we don’t even understand what it is about. This section is intended to understand the name of a person's teeth in order, if necessary, to learn to delve into the degree of dental problems found in you.

So, in the mouth we have:

• Central and lateral incisors;
• fangs;
• Premolars or small molars;
• Molars or large molars.

In order to indicate their position on the top and mandible, in dental practice, the so-called dental formula is used, according to which the numbers of milk teeth are written in Latin numerals, and indigenous ones in Arabic.

With a full set of teeth in an adult, the entry of the dental formula will be as follows: 87654321 / 123465678. A total of 32 pieces.

On each side are 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars. Molars are also commonly referred to as wisdom teeth, which are the last to grow. As a rule, after 20 years.
As for the children, then their dental formula will have a different look. After all, there are only 20 milk teeth. But we’ll talk about this a little later, and now we’ll deal with the structure of incisors, canines, premolars and molars, and also discuss their differences.

Features of the structure of the upper teeth

The smile zone includes central and lateral incisors, canines and premolars. Molars are also called chewing, because their main purpose is to chew food. Each of them looks different.

So, units central incisors. Their coronal part is thickened and slightly flattened, they have one long root. Doubles also have a similar shape - lateral incisors. They, as well as the central incisors, have three tubercles from the cutting edge, from which 3 pulp spurs extend along the dental canal.

fangs their shape resembles the teeth of an animal. They have a pointed edge, a convex shape and only one tubercle on their cutting part. First and second premolars, or, as dentists call them, the four and five have a very great external similarity, the difference is only in the size of their buccal surface and in the structure of the root.

Next come molars. The six has the largest size of the crown part. She looks like an impressive rectangle, and the chewing surface in its shape resembles another geometric figure - a rhombus. Six has 3 roots - one palatine and two buccal. The seven differs from the six in slightly smaller sizes and different structures of fissures. And here eight or, according to popular belief, not everyone even grows a wisdom tooth. Its classical form should be the same as that of ordinary molars, and its root resembles a powerful trunk. The upper wisdom teeth are considered the most capricious.

They can begin to disturb a person even at the stage of their eruption, and when removed, they can create a difficult situation due to their twisted and twisted roots. On the opposite jaw are their antagonists. They will be the subject of our next section.

Features of the structure of the lower teeth

What the teeth and fangs of a person consist of, the photo conveys quite accurately, as well as their appearance. It can be judged from it that the structure of the teeth of the lower jaw is completely different from their structure on upper jaw. Let's consider this point in more detail.

The teeth of the lower jaw have the same names as the upper ones, and their structure will be slightly different.

Central incisors are the smallest in size. They have a small flat root and 3 mild tubercles. Lateral cutter only a few millimeters larger than the central one. He also has a very small size, a narrow crown and a small flat root.

lower fangs they are similar in shape to their antagonists, but at the same time they are narrower and slightly tilted back.

First premolar on the lower jaw it has a rounded shape, a flat and flattened root, as well as some beveling towards the tongue.

Second premolar slightly larger than the first due to more developed tubercles and the presence of a horseshoe-shaped fissure between them.

The first molar, that is, the lower six, has the most tubercles. Its fissure resembles the letter Zh, in addition, it has as many as 2 roots. In one of them - one channel, and in the second - two. The second and third molars are very similar in shape to the first.

They are distinguished only by the number of tubercles and fissures located between them, which, especially on the figure eight, can have a bizarre shape.

What do milk teeth look like?

Milk teeth are the precursors of permanent teeth. They begin to appear as early as the first year of a baby's life and, as a rule, the lower central incisor breaks through the gum first. Many parents remember the period of teething with a shudder. They bring so much torment to the crumbs. This process is not fast - it is extended in time.

It can take two or even two and a half years from the appearance of the first tooth to the last.

The average three-year-old toddler has a full set of teeth in the amount of 20 pieces in his mouth. With them, the child will walk until the age of 11 - 12. But they will begin to change to indigenous ones from 5 to 7 years. Photo of toothless children school age parents keep in family albums. But back to what it is, the structure of milk teeth in children. Let's start with their shape. It will be approximately the same as that of the permanent ones.

The difference will be only in their small size and snow-white color. However, the degree of mineralization of enamel and dentin is weak, so they are more susceptible to caries. Therefore, care for them should be regular and thorough.

The structure of the milk tooth is also distinguished by a large volume of pulp, which is incredibly prone to inflammation. That is why in children caries rapidly turns into pulpitis.

Milk teeth do not have long roots, besides, they do not sit tightly in the periodontal tissue. This greatly facilitates the process of replacing them with permanent ones. Although for children, the process of removing them is always stressful.

Teeth are considered one of the most complex systems in our body. Their importance for our full life is invaluable. Therefore, taking care of their condition and health should start from an early age. And make it a rule to visit the dentist every six months.

It's simple - this is the only organ human body, which the cannot self-repair.

Modern and ancient teeth

In the course of anatomy, a definition of a tooth is given - this is ossified part of the mucosa shells for chewing food.

If you delve into phylogenetics, then the "progenitor" of human teeth is considered fish scales located along the mouth. As the teeth wear, they change - this is a mechanism laid down by nature.

In the lower vertebrate representatives of the fauna, the change occurs several times during the entire life cycle.

The human race is not so lucky, its bite changes only once - dairy ones are replaced by permanent indigenous ones.

Evolution has significantly changed the human jaw apparatus. At ancient man had more than 36 teeth. And this was justified by the diet - tough raw food. To chew it, you had to work with your jaw with force. Therefore, a massive jaw apparatus and chewing muscles were developed.

When our ancestors learned how to make fire, they were able to process food. This made the diet softer and more easily digestible. Therefore, the anatomy of the jaw has again undergone a transformation - it has become smaller. Homo sapiens' jaw no longer protruded forward. She got a modern look.

Teeth primitive people were not beautiful and did not add up to a radiant smile, but they were different strength and health. After all, they actively used them, chewing solid and rational food.

Anatomical development

The formation of teeth is a long process that begins in the womb, and ends by the age of 20 at best.

Dentists distinguish several periods of tooth development. The process has already started in the second month of pregnancy.

Children have 20 milk teeth, an adult has 32. The first teeth in six months, and by the age of 2.5 there are already full milk set. Outwardly, they look like permanent teeth, but there is a fundamental difference - thin enamel, large amounts of organic matter, short weak roots.

By the age of 6, the milk bite begins to change. Besides, molars erupt that had no dairy predecessors.

The process continues until the age of 14. And it ends only when III-and painters erupt - "wise" teeth. They can wait until old age.

Structure

The tooth, as a separate element, includes the same parts. The structure of a human tooth in section can be seen in the diagram:

1. Crown- visible part.
2. Root- in the deepening of the jaw (alveolus). Attached by a connective tissue of collagen fibers. The apex has a noticeable opening pierced by nerve endings and vascular network.
3. Neck– merges the root part with the visible part.

1. Enamel- hard covering fabric.
2. Dentine- the main layer of the tooth. Its cellular structure is similar to bone tissue, but differs in durability and high mineralization.
3. Pulp- Central soft connective tissue, penetrated by the vascular network and nerve fibers.

look visual video about the structure of the teeth:

Milk teeth have the following features:

• smaller size;
• reduced degree of mineralization of the layers;
• larger pulp;
• fuzzy tubercles;
• more convex incisors;
• shortened and weak rhizomes.

With improper care of the milk bite, 80% of all adult pathologies develop precisely at an unconscious age. Careful hygiene of replacement teeth saves permanent teeth from many possible problems.

Types of teeth

Teeth differ in appearance and inherent functions. Despite these differences, they have general mechanism of development and structure. The structure of the human jaw includes the upper and lower dentition (2 dental arches), each with 14-16 teeth. We have several types of teeth in our mouths:

• incisors- front teeth in the form of a cutting chisel with sharp edges (8 in total, 4 on each arch). Their function is to cut pieces of food to the optimal size. The upper incisors are distinguished by a wide crown, the lower ones are twice as narrow. They have a single conical root. The surface of the crown with tubercles, which are erased over the years.
• fangs – chewing teeth, designed to separate food (only 4 to 2 on each jaw). On the back side there is a groove dividing the crown into two unequal parts. The crown itself is cone-shaped due to one pronounced tubercle, so these teeth look like animal fangs. Canines have the longest root of all teeth.

• Premolars- these are small molars chewing teeth (4 on each jaw). They are located behind the canines towards the central incisors. They are distinguished by a prismatic shape and a convex crown. On the chewing surface there are 2 tubercles, between which there is a groove. Premolars differ in roots. In the first it is flat forked, in the second it is cone-shaped with a larger buccal surface. The second is larger than the first, the recess in the enamel has the shape of a horseshoe.
• molars- large molars (from 4 to 6 on each arch, usually the same as the number of small molars). From front to back, they decrease in size due to the structure of the jaw. The 1st tooth is the largest - rectangular in shape with four tubercles and three roots. When the jaw is closed, the molars close and serve as stoppers, therefore they are subject to great changes. They have an enormous burden. "Wisdom teeth" are the last molars in the dentition.

The location of the teeth on the plates is indicated by a special generally accepted scheme. The dental formula consists of numbers indicating the teeth - incisors (2), canines (2), premolars (2), molars (3) on each side of one plate. It turns out 32 elements.

The structure of the teeth of the same name on the upper and lower jaws of a person has differences.

Bottom "players"

On your upper jaw the following teeth can be found:

• Center incisors (1)- chisel-shaped teeth with a dense crown and one cone-shaped root. Outside, the cutting edge is slightly beveled.
• Side incisors (2)- chisel-shaped teeth with three tubercles on the cutting surface. The upper third of the rhizome is tilted back.
• Fangs (3)- similar to animal teeth due to pointed edges and a convex crown with only one tubercle.
• I-th root small (4)- a prismatic tooth with convex lingual and buccal surfaces. It has two tubercles of unequal sizes - the buccal is larger, the flattened root of a double shape.
• II-th root small (5)- differs from the I-th by a large area on the side of the cheek and a cone-shaped compressed rhizome.
• 1st molar (6) - a large molar of a rectangular shape. The chewing surface of the crown resembles a rhombus. The tooth has 3 roots.
• 2nd molar (7)- differs from the previous one in smaller size and cubic shape.
• 3rd molar (8)- "wisdom tooth". Doesn't grow for everyone. It differs from the second molar in a shorter and coarser root.

Top "players"

The teeth of the lower arch have the same names, but differ in their structure:

• Incisors in the center- the smallest elements with a small flat root and three tubercles.
• Incisors on the side- more than the previous incisors by a couple of millimeters. The teeth have a narrow crown and a flat root.
• fangs- diamond-shaped teeth with a bulge on the side of the tongue. They differ from the upper counterparts in a narrower crown and inward deviation of the root.
• I-th root small- a rounded tooth with a beveled chewing plane. It has two tubercles and a flattened root.
• II-th root small- larger than I, differs in the same tubercles.
• 1st molar- a cubic tooth, has 5 tubercles and 2 rhizomes.
• 2nd molar- identical to I.
• 3rd molar- differs in a variety of tubercles.

Teeth Features

What is the fundamental difference between front teeth and chewing teeth? Functional differences were laid down by nature.

• This determined their shape and structure. As mentioned above, they are distinguished by a pointed crown and a single flat rhizome.
• Molars and premolars (side teeth) are needed for chewing food hence the name "chewing". They have a large load, so they have several strong roots (up to 5 pieces) and a large chewing area.

One more trait side elements- high susceptibility. After all, food residues accumulate on their surface, which are difficult to brush with a toothbrush.

In addition, this area is difficult to see with a normal eye, so it is easy to miss the first signs of damage. It is these teeth that are most often subject to extraction and implantation.

Wisdom comes with pain

The "sickest" tooth is a wisdom tooth. It's a shame that it is not useful, its functions have long sunk into oblivion. And lucky those who have it remains in its infancy and does not seek to grow.

The anatomical structure of the third molar does not differ from other teeth. It just has a shortened trunk and a few tubercles.

In total, a person should have four "wise" teeth- 2 on each arc.

But “wise” teeth erupt later than the others - in the period from 17 to 25 years. IN rare cases the process is delayed until old age. The older the individual, the more painful it will be for him.

These teeth may only appear half(semi impacted teeth) or remain uncut (impacted teeth). The reason for such harmfulness is in the structure of the jaw of today's man. “Wise” teeth simply do not have enough space.

A refined diet and a large brain size corrected the jaw apparatus.

third molars lost their functionality. Scientists still don't have an answer as to why they keep growing.

Pain during the eruption of the third molar is felt due to its overcoming the mechanical impact, because the jaw is already formed. Growth can be accompanied by various complications.

It happens that it lies horizontally, comes into contact with the nerve, puts pressure on the "neighbor", provoking its destruction. If the third molar rests on the tongue or cheek, avoid inflammation and injury.

Another unpleasant diagnosis is pericoronitis. A "wise" tooth can climb for years, because of this, the mucous membrane suffers.

Arises chronic inflammation, the gum becomes dense.

As a result, there appears slimy hood, which provokes purulent processes. Only a dentist can solve this problem with surgery.

Many think of a useless and painful wisdom tooth. If it has grown correctly and does not bring any discomfort, it is better to leave it alone. Sometimes a dentist recommends that the second molar be removed so that a third can be placed in its place.

If the wisdom tooth is very painful, then it is better to remove it, don't bother with this. Over the years, it settles more and more densely in the gum, which, when removed, can provoke some problems.

Curious facts

What else do we know about teeth, besides the fact that they need to be cleaned?

• Twins and twins also duplicate the dental "composition". If one is missing a specific tooth, then the other is missing it.
• The right-hander often works with the right side of the jaw, the left-hander - respectively.
• Jaws designed for huge load. The maximum chewing muscle strength approaches 390 kg. Not every tooth can do it. If you gnaw nuts, then you create a pressure of 100 kg.
• Elephants change their teeth 6 times. Science knows the case when a 100-year-old man's teeth were replaced for the second time.
• Enamel on teeth is considered the hardest fabric which is reproduced by the human body.
• The tooth can be stored for a long time even at temperatures above 1000 degrees.
• 99% of calcium reserves are found in human teeth.
• Science has proven that strong teeth are a sign of good memory.
• most expensive tooth belongs to the scientist Newton, it was sold in the 19th century for 3.3 thousand dollars. A buyer of aristocratic origin adorned a ring with it.

• Legend has it that Buddha had 40 teeth and Adam had 30.
• Neanderthals didn't have cavities because of healthy food.
• Some babies are born with a prenatal tooth in the lower jaw (1 in 2,000 cases).
• Each dentition is unique like fingerprints.

By mistake, we do not consider teeth to be an important organ. But it is a complex and fragile system. Each tooth has its own characteristic structure and performs a specific function.

A change of bite in a person occurs only once, so we must take good care of your teeth from the first days of life. Nature did not give us a chance for a second healthy jaw.

The more facts we know about teeth, the more interesting they are to clean and easier to care for.

Health

The first thing we often notice when looking at a person is their smile, and a person with healthy teeth usually makes a good first impression right away. An adult has an average of 28 to 33 teeth, depending on the presence or absence of wisdom teeth.

Teeth perform not only an aesthetic role, but also help in grinding food for better digestion. But, apart from the fact that they need to be cleaned, we know little about this anatomical feature. Here, a row interesting facts about our teeth.

1. Some babies are born with teeth.

About one in 2,000 babies is born with prenatal teeth - that is, teeth that erupted before birth. As a rule, these teeth grow on the lower gum, and they have weak roots. Often such teeth are removed so that they do not interfere with breastfeeding and do not lead to accidental swallowing. In some cases, they may indicate the presence of certain medical problems, and in ancient physiognomy they were associated with evil forces. According to some statements, Julius Caesar and Napoleon were born with teeth.

2. Not all people lose milk teeth

The loss of milk teeth is a natural stage in our lives. Usually, by the age of 3, children already have a whole set of 20 temporary teeth, which then loosen and fall out, after which permanent teeth begin to erupt at the age of 5-6 years. This process ends at an early adolescence. But there are cases when a person does not grow permanent teeth, which is often associated with a family predisposition, he still has milk teeth.

3. Some people have too many teeth.

Approximately 2 percent of people have hyperdontia, in which a person grows additional supernumerary teeth. Many of these teeth remain hidden under the gum, but sometimes they erupt and begin to crowd out other teeth. Very rarely, a person loses a permanent set of teeth at an older age and another set grows in him. Everyone else will need dentures.

4. Tumors Can Grow Teeth Too

With teratoma - a tumor of germ cells, which is often found in the ovaries, testicles and sacrococcygeal region, teeth, as well as hair, eyes, hands and other limbs, can be found in the tissues of the tumor. Fortunately, these tumors are most often benign and can be removed surgically.

5. You can see with your teeth too

In 2000, a woman in the United States underwent a unique operation. Sharon Thornton lost her sight due to Stevens-Johnson syndrome, in which cells on the surface of the eye are destroyed. Doctors offered to restore the woman's vision with the help of ... a tooth. She had a canine tooth removed, into which an artificial lens was inserted and implanted in her left eye. A day later, the blind woman was able to see the world again.

6. Straight teeth are not considered beautiful in all countries.

Do you think that straight white teeth are the ideal of beauty, recognized everywhere? In Japan, crooked teeth called "yaeba" have become very popular. At the same time, many Japanese women deliberately bend their straight teeth, emphasizing fangs, in order to look younger and prettier.

7. We won't have wisdom teeth in the future.

Third molars, or wisdom teeth, helped our larger-jawed ancestors grind roots, nuts, and leaves. But now about 35 percent of people are born without wisdom teeth. The rest of the dentists recommend removing them, as our oral cavity is too small for them. When our body no longer needs some organs or parts, they become rudimentary and eventually disappear. According to scientists, future generations will not have an appendix, wisdom teeth, and perhaps even little toes.

8. Raisins are worse for teeth than chocolate.

Not all sweets are equally bad for teeth. Sugar from various foods is a breeding ground for bacteria that create acid that destroys teeth. Foods that get stuck in the teeth, including bread, chips, dried fruits, are often more harmful than those that dissolve quickly (chocolate, gummies). At the same time, it is better to eat sweets right away than to snack many times during the day, constantly feeding the bacteria.

Tooth enamel is the most hard tissue in the human body.

The average human has 32 teeth, including 8 incisors, 4 canines, 12 molars (including 4 wisdom teeth) and 8 small molars. Each of them performs its functions. The incisors help to bite off pieces of food, the fangs hold and tear food, and the molars grind it.

There are no two identical dentitions. They are almost as unique as fingerprints.

incisors

Large upper incisors speak of the determination of their owner. He is considered a stubborn and adamant person, but at the same time sincere and open. Diastema, or the gap between the incisors, gives out a desperate, intuitive, risky, explosive character. Such a citizen boasts excellent intuition and the ability to make lightning-fast decisions, the consequences of which, however, he does not care too much. And long incisors are the prerogative of a good-natured, sociable and often mocking person.

fangs

Prominent fangs, which stand out so well from the dentition, are associated with the aggressiveness of their owner. However, protruding fangs may also indicate a person’s pronounced love of love, as well as his purposefulness. In Japan, by the way, there is even a fashion for prominent upper fangs turned outward. There, men tend to see in a woman with such teeth an eternally young nymph.

Straight dentition

Perfectly straight teeth characterize a responsible, self-confident person who knows how to make competent decisions with the calmness of a Buddha. He has a mathematical mindset and a pronounced desire for success.

Crooked teeth may hint that their owner is an excellent debater., who is not going to give up his position one iota, does not like to make mistakes and is often overly demanding of himself. He is inclined to set super-complex goals, which seem unattainable to many, and go stubbornly towards them. In addition, people with crooked teeth are credited with superior intuition and the ability to assess a question or problem from all angles.

small teeth

Small teeth go to people who are secretive, appreciating inner peace much more than communicating with friends. They are mysterious and often incomprehensible to others, while being very purposeful and full of ideas.

Dentition and character

Some researchers also consider the relationship between the position of the teeth and the ability to self-development. So, the left side of the upper dentition speaks of the ability (or inability) to reveal personal potential, the right side - about how easy it is for a person to find his place in life. Left-hand side the lower dentition, in turn, sheds light on family relationships, and the right one on the analytical abilities of the owner. Damage to the teeth in a particular sector indicates problems in the related area, and vice versa - difficulties in a particular area affect the health of the corresponding teeth.

Human teeth and organs

Adherents of psychosomatics, following the scientists who study it, are sure that a tooth disease indicates an ailment of the organ associated with it. So, pain in the lower fangs “screams” about problems in the liver, “fives” remind of themselves if the pancreas suffers, and also the lungs and small intestine, incisors ache with arthritis or arthrosis, kidney disease, Bladder and ears. Wisdom teeth are supposedly responsible for the heart and small intestine. There are many such "organ maps", and scientists are seriously studying them, although they stipulate that sometimes teeth can hurt due to poor oral hygiene or rare trips to the dentist.

To be fair, we note that all These inventions are still under investigation., and official science does not recognize physiognomy. So is it worth it to attribute irony to the owners of long teeth, and stinginess to people with small and rare teeth, it's up to you. But to experiment, agree, it is interesting.

We express our gratitude to the site startsmile.ru for their help in preparing the material.

), Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Surgical Dentistry of the KSMA, Assistant Head. department for academic work. Awarded with the medal "Excellence in Dentistry" in 2016.

dream about beautiful smile makes people go for a variety of procedures with their teeth. After carrying out therapeutic measures, the teeth gradually acquire an even and smooth line. Uneven and protruding fangs look especially terrible. How to fix this defect using braces on fangs, we will figure it out in this article.

Incisors quite often require treatment by an orthodontist. Their curvature is diagnosed in a third of all patients. A similar defect of fangs can appear in the following forms:

• Canines are not visible behind other teeth.
• The fangs are turned in different directions.
• The fangs are abnormally tall or too small.
• The fangs are not completely cut through.

This abnormal arrangement of teeth has received the catchy name "vampire smile". At the same time, the name corresponds not only to aesthetic manifestations, but also to the inability to eat properly. The fangs raise the corners of the mouth a lot and only braces can fix this vampire smile.

Causes of the abnormal arrangement of teeth-fangs

The reason for the abnormal position of the fangs may be their late eruption. Fang-shaped teeth begin to grow at the age of 9-12 years. By this time, all other teeth are already confidently in place and there is little room for fangs to germinate. In addition, the place of the fangs can simply be occupied by other teeth. Therefore, they begin to erupt in the second row. On the face serious illness: dystopia.

The second reason may be the discrepancy between the teeth and the size of the jaw. The "culprits" of such a defect, as a rule, are the parents. It so happened that large-sized teeth were borrowed from one parent, and a small jaw from another. As a result of incorrect inheritance, such a serious anomaly was formed.

The last reason may be untimely or, in other words, the late change of milk teeth to permanent ones.

Fix options

Even teeth will not become without a qualified and braces. Only with their help is the correction carried out. How simple, fast, difficult or easy the process will be depends on the age of the patient, the neglect of the disease and the type of inherent anomaly.

Consider the case of adult patients. You can fix the defect in several ways:

1. You can put the system only on the protruding fangs themselves. Installed braces on the canines will gradually move the teeth in the right direction and make the dentition perfectly even. The process is quite lengthy and takes several years.
2. Correction of fangs with braces can be accelerated by removing adjacent teeth. After the procedure, braces are installed, which pretty soon turn the teeth in the right direction. All this becomes possible thanks to the freed space.
3. After the cases described above, another unpleasant problem may arise. An ugly and unaesthetic gap will turn out between the dentition. Here, clearly, correction of the bite is required. The time to get the final result will increase significantly.
4. Pull out a wisdom tooth.
5. In severe cases, only reposition is indicated.

The effectiveness of alignment depends on the age of the patient. In addition, the sooner the patient visits the orthodontist, the more productive the alignment will be.

When applying, it is important to know some features of the growth of teeth. Until the age of twelve, the jaw bones are not yet fully formed. Therefore, in this age interval (1-12 years), they mainly resort to installing removable plates. The course is not delayed for a long time and is only 6 months. After the behavioral treatment, the fangs easily change their position. The patient no longer experiences problems with uneven teeth.

The age of 14-15 years is also very productive for treatment. Practice has shown excellent correction results. Problems arise only at an older age, when they often resort to surgical intervention.

How is the process

On average, the process of returning the fangs to the correct position will take approximately two years. It has long been observed that the appearance and profile of a face with and without canine braces is significantly different. This is due to the functional load that canine teeth perform. In this case, the orthodontist faces a very important task of allocating free space for the canines. For this, as a rule, extra teeth are removed.

If there is not enough space between the second and fourth, then, as a rule, they resort to the removal of the fourth (or fifth, sixth) tooth. If a slight defect is visible in the protrusion of the canine from the general row, then removal is not required. The bracket system will easily correct such an offset. Braces expand the jaw and move the tooth into the desired position.

For fangs, ordinary and other more aesthetic materials (ceramic, and others) are used.

Treatment technique

For protruding fangs, a certain alignment technique was invented:

1. Professional cleaning recommended by a hygienist. Here, not only the plaque formed over many years is cleaned, but also the health of the gums is checked, the enamel is polished and the necessary recommendations are given.
2. Consistent fixation of braces.
3. Extension of the top row to obtain the required space.
4. Moving the canines to the vacant space and stabilizing the incisors.
5. Wearing orthoelastics that provide good interdental contact. Wearing elastics is indicated 12 months after the installation of braces.
6. Retention period.

The return of the teeth to the right place occurs in the fifth month of treatment. One of the arches holds the incisors in the correct position.

Failure cases

Installing braces on fangs is a very effective procedure. There have been interesting cases in practice when patients refuse to undergo it. What are the reasons for such a thoughtless refusal:

• Long term wearing of braces.
• A serious blow to the wallet for the middle class. That is, the prices for braces for fangs are not cheap.
• It is difficult to predict a reliable result.
• Recovery after the procedure takes a long time.

Refusal of braces has the right to be in dental practice. You can try to align the fangs without using them. For example, using caps, trainers or soft plates. Only these devices will not help an adult. They are effective only for the treatment of children.

Mouthguards are usually prescribed to be worn at night. Plates are much easier to maintain than braces. But they will take much longer to fix the defect. , due to their well-thought-out design, they act pointwise on a protruding defect. They do not cause unnecessary problems during application.

For adults, with a slight protrusion of fangs, it is possible to recommend the use of caps. These are pretty handy gadgets. They are very easy to use and carry out the necessary treatment.

Another defect in adults can be eliminated with the help of. They are installed on the back side of the dentition. The period of adjustment with these devices does not take a long time. Veneers are not visible to the eyes of others. However, they can only improve the appearance of the patient, but they cannot cure the ill-fated disease itself.

Conclusion

The final result depends not only on the professionalism of the orthodontist, but on the diligence of the patient. The patient is required to work in the following areas:

• Wearing elastics. It is important to strictly follow all the advice and recommendations of the doctor.
• Dental hygiene.

The issue of dental hygiene is as acute as it can be. The fact is that if the doctor finds out and sees that the patient does not observe hygiene oral cavity, then it can easily refuse to install systems. If you do not monitor the condition of the braces, then soon white spots form on them as a result of demineralization of the enamel. Another way out may be an installation fixed on the inside.

Reviews

I have straight teeth, only fangs protruded slightly all my life. This irritated me terribly. I turned to an orthodontist for help. The procedure was tedious, but the doctor is professional. With the help of braces, I got an attractive smile.

Braces are a real lifesaver, especially if the entire mouth is distorted. I've always felt like a vampire to myself. It was until recently. I was cured by orthodontists. Thank them.

Sources used:

• "Conceptual Orthodontics" (Stefan Williams)