Reflexology. What is reflexology, indications and contraindications in medicine For bronchial asthma

Reflexotherapy (from the Latin reflexus - turned back, reflected) - a treatment system based on reflex relationships formed in the process of phylo- and ontogenesis, implemented through the central nervous system by irritating the receptor apparatus of the skin, mucous membranes and underlying tissues to influence the functional systems of the body ...

Reflexology (RT) in ancient Chinese traditional medicine is denoted by the term "Zhen-Tszyu". Zhen-Tszyu therapy (or acupuncture, acupuncture) is a method of treatment based on the impact of a thin needle on biologically active points skin.

The classic method includes acupuncture (acupuncture) and moxibustion. In modern conditions, various methods are used using physical factors (electropuncture, laser puncture, pharmacopuncture, color therapy, flowering method, various reflexogenic massages).The first written information about acupuncture appeared a long time ago and dates back to the period 2400 years ago ("Huang Di Nei Jin").The method showed itself as effective method treatment of various diseases. When treating Zhen-Tszyu with therapy, no chemical substances enter the body, i.e. it is an "environmentally friendly" method of treatment.

Zhen Chiu therapy is a traditional branch of Chinese medicine dedicated to the prevention and treatment of diseases. Zhen-Tszyu therapy, acting on the energy base of the body, ensures the unity and orderliness of the work of various organs and systems, incl. determines the conjugation of the psyche with the physical body. This method of treatment allows you to eliminate the consequences of uncontrolled stress, to achieve good health, and to increase the body's defenses.

Reflexotherapy is basically a corrective treatment that controls various functions of the body. Therefore, it is effective only where these connections are changed, but not where they are completely destroyed. For acupuncture, an ancient Chinese proverb is true, which says: "Medicine cannot heal either old age or wilted flowers."

Indications and contraindications for the use of reflexotherapy methods in medical practice

Diseases (syndromes) of the nervous system and sensory organs:

vegetative disease nervous system, idiopathic peripheral autonomic neuropathy (sympathoganglionitis, etc.);
atypical facial pain;
diseases of the facial nerve, diseases of other cranial nerves;
diseases of the nerve roots and plexuses, limb phantom syndrome;
mononeuritis of the extremities and multiple neuritis.

Mental disorders:

neurotic disorders: anxiety neurosis (anxiety), neurotic phobias, hysterical neurosis, obsessional neurosis, neurotic depression, neurasthenia, hypochondriacal neurosis;
frigidity and impotence;
chronic alcoholism, substance abuse, tobacco smoking;
violation physiological functions psychogenic etiology (psychogenic torticollis);
enuresis.

Diseases of the eye and its appendages:

chronic conjunctivitis, blepharoconjunctivitis and blepharitis (allergic);
optic neuritis (with moderate visual impairment);
diseases (syndromes) of the ear and mastoid;
Meniere's disease;
ringing in the ears, diseases of the auditory nerve, otalgia.

Diseases of the circulatory system:

essential hypertension, hypertonic disease(I and II stages);
chronic ischemic disease heart (without pronounced changes on the ECG);
atherosclerosis (early stages);
Raynaud's syndrome (disease);
varicose veins, trophic ulcers;
hemorrhoids (external and internal);
hypotension.

Diseases of the endocrine system, metabolic disorders:

thyrotoxicosis (moderately pronounced);
dysfunction of the ovaries and testes (moderate).

Respiratory diseases:

chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic laryngotracheitis;
chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma.

Diseases (syndromes) of the digestive system:

chronic gingivitis, periodontal disease, stomatitis, glossodynia, glossalgia;
peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
gastritis and duodenitis, gastroenteritis and colitis of non-infectious etiology;
dyspepsia and others functional disorders stomach;
constipation;
chronic non-calculous cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia.

Diseases (syndromes) of the genitourinary system:

chronic cystitis;
vaginitis and vulvitis, cervicitis and endocervicitis;
violation menstrual cycle, uterine bleeding, climacteric syndrome;
childbirth and the postpartum period;
regulation of labor and labor pain relief;
lactation disorders.

Diseases (syndromes) of the skin and subcutaneous tissue:

seborrheic dermatitis, eczema;
itching and related conditions;
urticaria, angioedema.

Diseases (syndromes) of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue:

rheumatoid arthritis (with dysfunction of the joints of the I-II stage);
traumatic arthropathy, chronic post-traumatic arthropathy;
deforming osteoarthritis and related disorders;
allergic arthritis;
diseases of the intervertebral discs (with various neurological disorders - radicular syndromes).

Relative indications of reflexology

thyrotoxicosis with or without goiter;
diabetes;
hypothalamic syndromes without pronounced neuroendocrine, metabolic and neurotrophic disorders;
gout;
encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, the consequences of acute poliomyelitis;
progressive muscular dystonia;
trembling paralysis (Parkinson's disease);
multiple sclerosis;
cerebral palsy;
epilepsy;
syringomyelia;
peripheral retinal degeneration, focal chorioretinitis and focal retinochoroiditis, acute and subacute iridocyclitis, vascular disorders of the iris and ciliary body;
glaucoma ( initial form, pain syndrome);
otosclerosis;
paroxysmal tachycardia, unspecified;
transient cerebral ischemia, long-term consequences of cerebrovascular disease (with moderately severe dysfunctions);
pain syndromes in diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract;
chronic pancreatitis;
pain syndromes in organic diseases of the genitourinary organs.

Reflexology contraindications

benign and malignant neoplasms;
diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs: hereditary hemolytic anemias, bleeding disorders, purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions;
pregnancy;
acute infectious diseases and febrile conditions of unknown etiology;
chronic infectious diseases in the acute stage (tuberculosis, etc.);
decompensated diseases of the heart, lungs and others internal organs;
pneumosclerosis with a tendency to pulmonary hemorrhage;
myocardial infarction;
active rheumatism;
venous thrombosis and embolism in the acute period;
severe exhaustion;
physical stress;
frostbite and inflammation auricle;
acute inflammatory processes of the musculoskeletal system;
congenital malformations of the central nervous system.

In reflexology there is also reflex prophylaxis, with the help of which it is possible to increase the natural defenses of the body and mobilize forces in the necessary conditions in a healthy person. Reflex prophylaxis can increase adaptive responses and prevent negative emotional breakdowns.
Many years of experience have shown that in about 20% of patients, acupuncture has no effect at all. In such patients, RT should be discontinued completely or supplemented with other methods of treatment. The criterion for making such a decision should be the first 3 unsuccessful acupuncture sessions.

Reflexology is one of the oldest methods of relaxation and restoration of the human body. It is based on the understanding that there are more than 800 active points on the human body, the impact on which allows you to stimulate the work of certain organs, which means it helps in the treatment of various diseases.

The birthplace of this medical complex is considered to be China, because the first mentions of acupressure were found in ancient Chinese writings dating back to the 5th century BC. Europeans learned about this direction in medicine only in the 17th century, however, in its current form, reflexology appeared only at the dawn of the 20th century. This happened thanks to the scientist William Fitzgerald, who noticed that massage of certain points on the hands and feet allows you to relieve pain, improve the functioning of organs and achieve a state of relaxation. It was Fitzgerald who developed the basis of modern reflexology, the benefit from which we can get in various medical centers and SPA-salons.

Indeed, modern medical centers are ready to offer several methods of reflexology at once, among which the most popular are acupuncture (acupuncture and acupuncture), thermo-puncture (heating and moxibustion), electro-acupuncture, cryopuncture, magnetopuncture, as well as vacuum-pressopuncture (cupping massage) and monopressopuncture (acupuncture). massage). Each of these methods has proven to be effective effective remedy relaxation and restoration of the body. Their only drawbacks are that such procedures can only be carried out by highly qualified specialists in the conditions of medical centers. And the cost of such treatment sessions is quite high, which makes reflexology inaccessible for low-income strata of the population. The only exception is monopressopuncture, which we all know as acupressure. Each of us can carry out such a procedure, it is enough just to know which points on the body are associated with a specific organ, and how to properly influence them.

First of all, let's talk about the methods of exposure. Typically, applying pressure, rubbing, direct or circular stroking for 2-3 minutes. On areas in which there is no pain, you can apply fast and sharp pressure, as well as massage counterclockwise. As for the points, touching which causes pain, uniform pressure is applied to them until the unpleasant sensations disappear. If massage is applied to such points in a circular motion, then it is carried out clockwise, in order to "turn on" the energy.

Now let's turn directly to the diseases in the treatment of which this method of alternative medicine helps.

1. Diseases of the digestive system

If you suffer from digestive problems, suffer from indigestion, regularly experience flatulence and stomach cramps, you should massage the center of the palm of your left hand. It is here that the area is located, which helps to activate the work of the stomach and intestines, removing the existing discomfort. For constipation, an active circular action is recommended in a clockwise direction, and in case of diarrhea, gentle pressure and rubbing counterclockwise is recommended. In case of liver problems, it is necessary to regularly massage the central part of the palm of the right hand or the areas on the soles of the feet, marked in red in diagram 2.

By the way, under the liver zone on the right leg, you can find a point that stimulates the gallbladder. Daily active exposure to this area helps in the fight against cholecystitis and gallstone disease.

2. Insomnia

Many treat this ailment with disdain, believing that it is somehow frivolous to see a doctor with sleep problems. In fact, insomnia - serious disease, which seriously affects the quality of life and interferes with the normal functioning of all organs and systems in the body. Having consulted a doctor with such a problem, the patient most often receives a prescription for a sleeping pill, as well as recommendations for establishing a work and rest regime, avoiding stress and proper nutrition... However, this does not at all prevent yourself from helping yourself to establish sleep with the help of reflexology. This is done quite simply, you just need to massage the points located under the heels, as well as under the little fingers of each of the feet, every day. It will also be beneficial to massage the hands, in particular, the pads on the fingers, due to which the pineal gland is activated, which produces the hormone melatonin, which improves sleep.

3. Hypertension

It's no secret that it is with hypertension that the most dangerous diseases that threaten a person begin lethal outcome... High blood pressure leads to heart failure and causes critical conditions such as stroke or heart attack. And hypertension itself is accompanied by severe headache, weakness and malaise, which seriously impairs the quality of life. To normalize pressure and prevent deterioration in health, you can use acupressure, aimed at improving the functioning of the diaphragm and lungs. In this plan, you should massage the areas on the palms located under the fingers. This should be done in a reciprocating motion. thumb the other hand or rubbing the palms. Good help in reducing blood pressure will also massage the areas responsible for the adrenal glands, which are designed to regulate the activity circulatory system... Here it is also worth paying attention to the middle of the stops, where the special points are located (diagram no. 2).

One has only to add that in parallel with massage aimed at normalizing pressure, it is necessary to stimulate the brain and eyes, that is, organs that suffer from hypertension. To get rid of eye pain, you will need to lightly massage the base of the little finger on both hands, as well as stimulate the points under the toes.

4. Nausea

Nausea is not a disease, but a very unpleasant symptom, which is accompanied by weakness, sweating and often precedes vomiting. Sometimes this is a signal from the body that it wants to get rid of the poisonous substances that poison it. In this case, it makes no sense to fight nausea, it is better to help free the intestines from harmful elements. However, medicine knows more than a dozen diseases that are accompanied by nausea. In these cases, it is necessary to look for a way to deal with this condition. Fortunately, acupressure helps in this case, it is enough to find the points that are responsible for the stomach and intestines. They are located in the center of the left palm, as well as on the narrowing of the soles of both feet. It is better to massage them by pressing or stroking clockwise.

In addition, to get rid of the painful sensation of nausea, you should massage the fingertips, thereby stimulating the brain, which in turn will reduce the excitation of the vomiting center.

5. Depression

The most common mental disorder today is depression. It negatively affects our mood and mental abilities, and also provokes the appearance of physiological problems such as headache, diarrhea, or hormonal imbalance. Moreover, depression can lead a person to suicide if this ailment is not recognized and treated in time. Of course, reflexology will not help you get rid of depression, only qualified psychotherapists can do this, but such a procedure is quite capable of helping to normalize the condition and restore peace of mind. As with many other diseases, it is important here to influence the brain in order to regulate the functioning of the nervous system through this organ. To do this, massage the tops of your toes and the pads of your fingers every day. This will promote the production of serotonin, which will have the most positive effect on your mood.

6. Endocrine diseases

Diseases endocrine system, in particular, thyrotoxicosis or goiter thyroid gland require serious drug treatment and long substitution therapy prescribed by a doctor. In turn, acupressure of areas that activate the activity of the endocrine glands, including the "thyroid", becomes great help in the treatment of these diseases. Anyone faced with such problems can help themselves if they regularly massage the point at the base of the thumb (see diagram # 3), as well as the areas on the soles that go from the big toe to the instep. Massage these areas should be rotational or reciprocating movements.

7. Menstrual pain

Millions of women around the world from month to month experience this unpleasant condition during their period. Moreover, in some women, menstrual pains are so intense that they have to resort to strong analgesics. And this is not only a serious load on the liver, but also a decrease in immunity. But is there an alternative to pain relievers? And here acupressure can come to the rescue, namely the stimulation of the ovaries and uterus. These points can be found on the palms, just below the middle, as well as on the wrist (see diagram # 3).

You can also fight menstrual pain by acting on the brain, namely the pineal gland and pituitary gland, which relax the muscles of the uterus and remove the existing discomfort. To stimulate the pituitary and pineal glands, you need to actively massage the plantar part of the big toe of one and the other leg. It is better to massage in a circular motion counterclockwise.

8. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Diseases of the joints are often troubling people of age. Every person who happened to encounter rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis knows that the aching pains that accompany the exacerbation of these ailments are simply driving you crazy, preventing you from falling asleep and interfering with your daily activities. Moreover, injections, ointments or tablets bring only temporary relief. Can acupressure help here? Undoubtedly. To relieve pain, massage the areas under the little fingers, which will help relieve discomfort in the arms and shoulders, as well as the area under the little toe on the left foot. And people who have pain in their knees and discomfort in the pelvic area need regular massage of the areas on the outside of the soles of both feet (highlighted in red in the diagram # 2).

In addition, stimulation of the adrenal glands helps to eliminate pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis, for which it is necessary to press intensively on the points located in the center of the feet. This massage will improve the secretion of corticosteroid hormones, which will reduce inflammation.

9. Diseases of the spine

Middle-aged and older people are firsthand familiar with diseases of the spine, such as osteochondrosis, sciatica or intervertebral hernia... Persons with such problems suffer from constant aching pains, and are forced to take handfuls of medicines to alleviate their condition. However, reflexology can be of great help here too. Pay attention to diagram # 3. Here you can see that the points responsible for one or another part of the spine are located along the thumbs of both hands. For example, the first phalanx of the finger is connected to the cervical spine, the second to the thoracic region, and the area from the wrist to the beginning of the second phalanx is responsible for the lumbar region. Depending on which area of the spine is causing you discomfort, you can massage specific areas of your hands to help relieve pain. One has only to remember that you should act on such zones carefully, lightly pressing or massaging the zones with rotational movements in a clockwise direction.

10. Male sexual problems

With the problem of male sexual impotence, you should immediately contact a specialist. However, here too, acupressure can be of great help in treatment. For example, if the cause of the disease lies in prostatitis, in addition to taking medicines and massage of the prostate can be recommended to stimulate the point on the wrist of the left hand, which is responsible for this organ (see diagram no. 3). It is advisable to lightly press the acupressure point or make circular massaging movements to either side. In addition, foot massage helps to cope with male sexual impotence, namely the areas under the heels that actively affect both the male genitals and the nervous system, from which the disease most often begins. Take care of yourself!

Reflexology has been used for a long time as a method of treating neurological diseases. Since ancient times, China, Mongolia, India and Japan have been engaged in a point effect on the body in order to normalize its function.

The search for methods of restoring health without the use of medications in recent decades has led to the spread of the methodology from the East to European countries. After all, reflexology, for the most part, gives good results and has positive reviews among patients and doctors.

Formation history

The first mention of the method dates back to China, starting from the 5th century BC. From the 17th century AD, European doctors began to practice reflexology. As a result, a modern system has emerged that includes knowledge about the energetic structure of the body.

Reflexology involves the impact on biologically active points located on the surface (skin). An impulse appears, which is transmitted to the nerve centers, signaling the diseased organ about the need for activation. The system for the restoration of the affected areas is launched. Reflexes are controlled by the central nervous system. The areas that are primarily affected are called acupuncture points.

The doctor, who has previously studied the zones of influence and the laws of interaction of energies, selects the points that irritate, for example, with special needles.

The angle of exposure, duration and strength are important. At the points of acupuncture, there is usually an increased circulation of blood and lymph, metabolic processes are especially active. In the body, there are 10 zones that run vertically. If some place in one of the regions has undergone changes, this is reflected in the entire longitudinal energy section.

Biologically active points

Features of the therapy method

Reflexology treatment has been used successfully in a number of medical fields. Sometimes the technique is used on its own, with a healing effect, and sometimes it is prescribed in addition to the main treatment. Reflexology is also used for prevention and is considered safe.

The body is a complex system with numerous energy connections and self-regulation of functions. Individual organs can be activated or blocked. When carrying out reflexology, 12 longitudinal canals are distinguished, dividing zones, on which more than 800 points are located.

By acting (mainly pointwise) on the channel associated with the diseased organ, the doctor reduces or increases the amount of energy, changes the intensity of its movement. With an excess of energy, inflammation is observed, accompanied by pain. Withering of function indicates a lack of energy in the organ. Normalization of the work of parts of the body is the goal of reflexology.

The main method that is used everywhere is exposure to needles, which are inserted through the skin at a certain depth at specific points. In this case, the following rules are observed:

the needle is directed along the channel or against the energy flow, depending on the nature of the disease;
the number of needles is increased in each session;
the choice of the time of day and the duration of the needle installation is important;
the role is played by a complex of points, their combination;
sometimes the needle is twisted or heated;
the depth of introduction depends on the required impact;
the sharpness of the installation of the needle also depends on the diagnosis, the age of the patient, and the condition.

Indications: neurology and not only

Alcoholism, smoking and excess body weight have also been treated since antiquity with methods of exposure to certain points.

Other indications for which reflexology is used:

back pain, sciatica, osteochondrosis;
removal of pain syndromes of a very different nature;
convulsions;
the consequences of injuries;
cardiovascular disease;
gastritis, stomach and intestinal diseases;
gynecology;
ear, throat, nose;
eye diseases;
skin ailments (such as eczema).

There are also contraindications, although there are a minimum of them.

Reflexology should not be used in the presence of tumors of any nature. Also, the method is contraindicated in fevers, severe exhaustion, circulatory failure, active tuberculosis, intoxication, mental agitation.

Reflexology is not performed for infants and pregnant women. Treatment is not recommended on the day of X-ray, ultrasound, ultrasound, within 3 months after radiation therapy.

Reflexology includes a number of methods, the choice of which is carried out depending on the diagnosis, we have selected the TOP-12 methods that are used in neurology and not only:

Acupuncture... Other names are acupuncture, acupuncture. Used for treatment and in preventive purposes... A physician practicing acupuncture must master the knowledge from the ancient theory of acupuncture, study the mechanisms of energy interaction, their connection with the physical body. The impact is directed to certain areas by means of a point insertion of a needle. The needle goes through the skin and is set in a certain way depending on the desired effect: calming, stimulating the area or creating balance. In China, this therapy is called zhen-ju. The materials from which the special needles are made are steel, silver or gold. Distinguish between micro-acupuncture, using small instruments - "buttons", left at the point of exposure for up to several days.
... The method involves exposure to the points with a needle or syringe with the introduction of the drug. This therapeutic technique combines homeopathy, acupuncture and injection. The depth of administration of the drug, the dose, and the composition of the drug are important. The doctor selects the remedy, appoints the time of the procedure and other parameters depending on the diagnosis and the patient's condition.
Acupressure... This method is based on the use of biologically active points massage. The impact is carried out with fingers or tools. The skin is not disturbed. By pressing on the points, the doctor or the patient himself is guided by the sensations of aches, numbness, and distention. In this way, an influence is made on specific areas associated with organs, body systems and their functions. Metabolic processes are regulated, tissue restoration is activated, vegetative activity is normalized. Within the limits of the method are distinguished: applicopressopuncture - the impact of balls, plates, their application; vacuum pressure; manopressopuncture - acupressure, for example, shiatsu.
... The method involves the use of heat when exposed. This is spot heating or moxibustion. Apply cigars from wormwood or instantly heat the inserted needle. The temperature at the point of moxibustion is quite high - up to 2,000 degrees C.
Electropuncture... When using the method, the points are treated with an electric current. Reception is effective for pain relief and as having a therapeutic effect. The polarity of the current is chosen depending on the amount of energy: excess or deficiency.
Magnetopuncture. To achieve a therapeutic effect, the points are exposed to a magnetic field: constant or alternating. A certain vibration frequency and polarity are set: the southern one - for pain relief, and the northern one - to activate the functions and blood circulation.
Vacuum pressopuncture... Separately, it should be said about the use of cans and vacuum therapy. A negative pressure area is created around the point. More precisely, the impact is made on a zone that is massaged in conditions of rarefied air. Cupping therapy is carried out using medical containers, the inner part of which is heated by a flame. The skin must be clean, it is treated with petroleum jelly. When the can is placed, the skin is pulled into it. When sucked in up to 1.5 cm of the surface, the vessel is moved, forced to slide, maintaining its tightness. The procedure is carried out from 5 to 20 minutes, achieving a relaxing effect. The direction of movement is more intense along the course of the venous outflow, providing arterial inflow and active movement of lymph. In addition to achieving relaxation, a calming effect, the method is used for bronchitis and radiculitis. It is known that banks can be placed at home, and not only in a medical institution.
... This is a high-tech method that has recently become widespread in medical practice. To points light effect is produced using a quantum generator. The light beam relieves pain, injury and inflammation. The therapy is applicable for degenerative dystrophic conditions, arthritis and the treatment of the peripheral nervous system.
Reflexology SMV... The points are affected by waves of the centimeter range, which heats up, activates, changes the microstructures in which active substances appear, causing a reflex. This method of treatment relieves pain and inflammation. It is indicated for spasms, pain syndromes of a neurological nature.
Ultrasonic reflexology... Another name for the method is phonopuncture. Ultrasonic treatment massages tissues at the cellular level. Heat is generated, changes in structures and circulation at the site of exposure. Ultrasound has a directional effect, resulting in a reflex. In the first sessions, one or two points located on the limb are treated. Then the number of points is increased to 5 and the power and exposure time are increased. The procedure should not last more than 12 minutes. A course of 12 procedures is carried out, prescribed daily or every other day.
Cryopuncture... In this method, the points are treated with low temperatures, for example, using liquid nitrogen.
Apireflexotherapy... The principle of action is the use of pinpoint bee stings.

Local reflexology

Some types of reflexology are named based on the area or part of the body that is exposed to therapeutic action... This can be the nose, ear, hand, foot or other application area, its points.

Auriculotherapy - the impact of small needles on the points of the auricle. It can also be a massage. In this area, there are more than 100 biologically active points that do not manifest themselves in a healthy state.

But in the presence of a disease, painful sensations appear in them, as well as a change in appearance: peeling, paleness, bumps. Two fingers are used for massage, making circular movements with the pads, pressing and rubbing.

They start at the lobe, working their way up to the top of the ear. Having carried out the massage 3 times, do the same number of strokes from top to bottom and give the patient a rest for 15 minutes. The effect is effective for calf cramps, restoring limb functions and working capacity.

Also stands out:

corporal reflexology - body surface;
scalp therapy - impact on the surface of the head;
nasotherapy - points of the nasal area;
pedotherapy - foot reflexology;
Su-Jok therapy - impact on the limbs: feet and hands, especially fingers, these are balls, needles, massage, magnets, grains.

There are other methods, depending on the area of influence.

The method of microcurrent reflexology is used in the rehabilitation of children with developmental delays and mental illnesses. The technology uses small electrical impulses that affect points of the body, scalp, areas with nerve reflexes.

Disorders of the development of the central nervous system (central nervous system) are thus corrected, and the effect does not cause pain.

Children aged 6 months or more are subject to health improvement. Normalization and control of seizures, for example, is done in conjunction with the appointment of appropriate drugs. An individual treatment plan is prepared in advance.

The combination with pine baths and massage procedures is beneficial. After 15 sessions, the course is sometimes repeated after a period of time.

The technique allows you to effectively deal with hearing loss, increased excitability, memory impairment,. It is also used to treat adults, improving the functions of the body, relieving stress, improving metabolism, restoring strength.

The number of points for exposure is not limited. Microcurrent reflexology is used in cosmetology. Diagnostics and treatment is carried out using devices such as MEKS.

How the procedures are carried out in practice

In addition to the previously described procedure for inserting needles into certain points through the skin, as well as massage and various influences,

Shuboshi's apparatus

special devices are used. For example, bioelectric "Shuboshi", which implements several methods: massage, reflexes and physiotherapy.

High-frequency pulses are beneficial for cells and are close to beneficial natural influences. The balance of the channels is restored, as well as the functions of diseased organs. There are 4 modes acting through the electrodes.

Multi-needle action is realized through Kuznetsov's applicator, which is a plate with needles. The pressure is regulated by the clutch. Reflexology can be carried out at home, with the independent use of the device.

During a session conducted by an acupuncturist, the patient should sit down calmly, most often lying down. Upon contact with the patient, the absence of contraindications is established.

When choosing points, it takes into account age, physiological cycles. Pulse is checked. With a correct assessment of the state, sometimes not one method is used, but a whole complex, their combination. For example, this is massage and acupuncture.

The most commonly used needles are made of stainless steel, which are set according to the rules for about 10 minutes. The doctor asks the patient about the sensations, the nature of the irritation, for example, whether there is an ache. On the basis of this, the subsequent healing actions of reflexotherapy are formed: the choice of methods and points.

Reflexology(Latin reflexus turned backward, reflected + Greek therapeia treatment) - a treatment system based on reflex relationships formed in the process of phylo- and ontogenesis, implemented through the central nervous system by irritating the receptor apparatus of the skin, mucous membranes and underlying tissues to influence functional systems of the body.

The concept of "reflexology" appeared in France in 1912-1913. The term was proposed by H. Jaworski, who combined under this name various therapeutic techniques, which are based on a reflex (see). The term "reflexology" is currently widely used, but does not fully reflect the essence of a number of diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic methods included in it.

In our country, the term "reflexology" combines all the methods of reflex influence (regardless of the method) on the active areas of the body surface (points), rich in nerve elements.

Among doctors of different specialties, interest in the methods of Reflexotherapy is constantly growing, which ensure the achievement of favorable results in the treatment of a significant number of diseases and syndromes without the use of drugs or with a reduction in their dosage. Absence side effects with the qualified use of R.'s methods contributes to their wide recognition.

The mechanism of action of R. is based on reflex reactions of the nervous system — local, segmental, and suprasegmental. Excitation along the afferent pathways of the nervous system and along the associative fibers is transmitted to various segments of the spinal cord, to the stem reticular structures (reticular formation, thalamus, hypothalamus), the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex, as the main analyzing and regulatory center of the body, forms a response to reflex influences.

Violation of the regulatory functions of the nervous system causes a mismatch in the functional systems. Each link of the mismatched system, according to G.N. Krimanovsky (1980), can be a triggering mechanism for building a new pathological functional system and changes both in the ratio and in the levels of functioning of the dominant, determinant and antisystems. "Prestarting integration", which develops under the influence of motivation and the environment before the stimulus, as shown by P.K. This focus is dominant, capable, according to A.A. this moment excitable enough. An artificially created dominant persists for a long time and leads to the extinction of pathological excitement associated with the disease.

The implementation of the reflexotherapy effect is achieved by the polymodal convergence of somatic and visceral signals on neurons of different levels of the nervous system (spinal cord, medulla oblongata, thalamus, cerebral cortex). Neurophysiological studies have shown that during the convergence of polymodal signals, somatic impulses prevail over visceral ones. The flow of impulses from the musculocutaneous nerves (from the skin), if it precedes visceral impulses (from the internal organs). extinguishes the latter, therefore the bioelectric reaction in c. n. With. this does not occur, although there is a change in general excitability nerve centers... The same relationship is possible within the somatic nervous system between impulses along fast-conducting myelin fibers that transmit "instantaneous" pain, and along slowly conducting myelin-free nerve fibers that transmit dull aching pain; in this case, the impulse along the fast-conducting fibers blocks the entrance to the neurons of the spinal cord, and the reaction from subsequent stimuli along the slow-conducting fibers is "extinguished".

The discovery of endogenous opiates (see Endogenous opiates) and opiate receptors of neurons contributed to the elucidation of the role of neurohumoral factors in the mechanism of action of reflexotherapy. It turned out that the introduction of enkephalins and morphine into the marginal zone and the gelatinous substance of the spinal cord, containing neurons with opiate receptors, activated by fast-conducting fibers, inhibits the T-cells of the posterior horns, which are excited by slow-conducting pain fibers.

An important role in the implementation of integrated reflexological influences, according to modern. data, belongs to the periaqueductal gray matter, suture nuclei, dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus, parafascicular complex of the thalamus, cerebral cortex.

Depending on the location of exposure modern methods Reflexology can be divided into the following groups: corporal and auricular, scalp (cranial), nasal (Bonnier centrotherapy), facial, vertebral (spondylotherapy), plantar and manual (pedo- and manotherapy). R.'s methods are also accepted depending on the used to lay down. factors are divided into mechanical, thermal, pharmacological, light, electrical, magnetic and biological. Of R.'s methods, in addition to the most common (see. Acupuncture), micro-acupuncture, vacuum therapy, application of balls and plates, the method of finger exposure, microwave and magnetic methods, cryotherapy, laser therapy, manipulative reflexology are developing.

Micro-needle therapy has become widespread - a method of prolonged exposure to certain areas of the skin with special microneedles for the treatment of painful, allergic, hyperkinetic and many other pathologies. conditions, as well as prevention of exacerbations of often recurrent diseases (radiculitis, neuralgia, bronchial asthma, etc.). Microneedles have a handle in the form of 1.5-2 turns of a spiral, through the center of a cut a rod 10-14 lg long passes; its working end is sharpened in the form of a cone for insertion into tissues. After the introduction of microneedles into the skin, they are fixed with an adhesive plaster and left for a long time (from several hours to 21 days). In this case, microneedles have a mechanical effect on tissues, and also cause the formation of a focus of chronic aseptic inflammation, to-ry creates additional irritation of the receptor apparatus and, on this basis, the formation of an artificially created generator of pathologically enhanced excitation. A dominant is created, the mode of functioning of determinant foci in c. n. With.

The method of vacuum therapy (see. Barotherapy) is a therapeutic method of reflex action on the human body by local reduced (rarefied) atmospheric pressure. To carry out vacuum therapy, special banks are used (see), therefore it is also called "cupping therapy". The essence of the method is to create an artificial "vacuum" and use it to influence certain parts of the body. As a result of such a local effect, skin receptors (baroreceptors, thermoreceptors, pain receptors) and underlying tissues are irritated, temporary skin hyperemia develops in the form of arterial tide or venous stasis, vascular tone changes, vegetative-vascular reactions occur, lymph circulation increases, blood clotting increases, tissue trophism improves, hematopoiesis and adaptive reactions of the body are stimulated. Distinguish between the traditional static method of vacuum therapy, which consists in setting several cans on the affected area, and vacuum cupping massage. The latter is carried out after processing the skin with vaseline oil, put a jar on the skin and move it for 5-20 minutes. The criteria for the sufficiency of the impact are the development of persistent hyperemia, pasty skin, muscle relaxation, analgesia. Indications: radicular pain syndrome, myalgia, myositis, hyperkinesis, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, etc.

The method of application of balls and plates is classified as prolonged. Metal balls made of stainless steel or an alloy of silver, gold and other metals dia. 1 mm, in an amount of 2 to 7, glued on a thin adhesive plaster 1 X 1 cm in size, fixed to the skin for a period of 1 to 7 days. This method is often used for arthritis, myalgia, radiculitis, hyperkinesis, bronchial asthma and other diseases. Plates - thin, well-polished discs, 1-1.5 mm thick, dia. from 2-3 to 15 mm, made of red copper, stainless steel, silver, gold and other metals, as well as ebonite. The plates are applied to the areas of hyperalgesia, fixed with an adhesive plaster and left for 3-5 days. Then they are removed and, if necessary, reapplication is performed after 2-3 days. For weakened patients and children, the application of the plates is used for more short term... The impact is painless, since the integrity of the skin is not disturbed, therefore the plates can also be used in cases when the irritating or damaging skin methods of R. are contraindicated (over the vessels, in pain points, etc.) * Balls and plates with sprayed on their surface with irritating or other active substances, magnetized balls and plates.

The finger method includes acupressure, acupressure, and linear massage. Point pressure is carried out with the end of one finger or nail, more often it is carried out with II and III fingers. Acupressure massage is performed with the palmar surface of the nail phalanges of I, II or III fingers; at the same time, the basic techniques of classical massage are used: stroking, rubbing, kneading, vibration (see Massage). You can also use a special metal, wood, stone, ebonite or plastic rod with a rounded or spherical end. Mechanical irritation is produced at acupuncture points or in limited areas (zones) of the human body surface. The number of massaged points can be from 1 to 9, the massaged zone covers 1-2 or more segments or passes along the way peripheral nerve(nerves). The duration of the procedure depends on the treatment task. The method is widely used for pain, allergic diseases, insomnia, to interrupt attacks of bronchial asthma, etc.

The microwave method consists in exposure to ultra-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (see. Microwave therapy), the flow of which is focused on the appropriate zone. The dose of exposure is selected individually, depending on the patient's sensations, severity pain syndrome.

Magnetic methods are based on the use of a magnetic field (see) to suppress pain (see Magnetotherapy).

The cryotherapy method consists of exposure to cold - ice or rapidly evaporating substances (chloroethyl, ether, chloroform, essential oil substances). At present, for this purpose, probes of various designs are widely used in R. for this purpose (see.Cryosurgery), allowing to use a liquid nitrogen, which provides a prolonged reflexological effect due to thermal microtraumas arising in this case and remaining on the skin for several hours or days (depending on the exposure time).

Laser therapy - exposure of points to monochromatic ultraviolet or infrared radiation. Using different devices for laser therapy (see. Laser), you can act with both continuous and pulsed radiation, with a pulse frequency from 0.2 to 5000 Hz. Laser therapy helps to improve metabolic processes and acceleration of regeneration processes in tissues, has an anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory effect, allows you to normalize the bioelectric status of the body.

Manipulation Reflexotherapy (vertebrotherapy, "manual medicine") - the method of Ch. arr. manual treatment techniques aimed at correcting or eliminating pathological manifestations caused by diseases or age-related changes in the spine, joints, muscular and ligamentous apparatus. This method is used mainly for the treatment of functional vertebral diseases and joint diseases.

Bibliography: Anokhin PK Sketches on the physiology of functional systems, M., 1975; Goidenko VS and Kotenev VM Practical guide to reflexotherapy, M., 1982; Durinyan R. A. Atlas of auricular reflexology, Tashkent, 1982; Koteneva V. M. Factors and methods of reflexology, M., 1981; Lakusta V.N. and GS Gross. Brief bases of reflexotherapy, Chisinau, 1980; Macheret E. L. and Samosyuk I. 3. Reflexotherapy Guide, Kiev, 1982; Portnov FG Electropuncture reflexotherapy, Riga, 1980; Tabeeva D. M. Guide to acupuncture, M., 1980, bibliogr .; Tykochinskaya E. D. Basics of acupuncture, L., 1979, bibliogr .; Usova M. K. and Morokhov S. A. A quick guide to acupuncture and cauterization, M., 1974, bibliogr .; Abrams A. Spondylotherapy, San Francisco, 1910; Leprince A. Traite de reflexotherapie, P., 1931; Lewit K. Manuelle Medizin im Rahmen der medizinischen Rehabilitation, Lpz., 1977, Bibliogr .; Rychlikow E. Vertebrokardialni syndrom, Praha, 1975, bibliogr .; she, Funkcni poruchy kloubli koncetin, Praha, 1980, bibliogr.

V.S. Goidenko.

Everything more people realize that any pill is not an automatic healing, but also a certain risk: "We treat one thing, we cripple the other." And many switch to alternative methods treatments - herbal teas and tinctures, massage, acupuncture,reflexology... We will talk about the last two phenomena.

Despite the fact that reflexology is already recognized effective method treatment, there are still people who believe that this method is deceiving patients, and in best case, during treatment with reflexology, the "placebo effect" is triggered. To dispel this myth, let's find out what reflexology is and how it heals. Reflexology, which is two thousand years old, is one of the main methods of treatment in Chinese folk medicine... Agree that the test of time is the best proof of the effectiveness and reliability of a treatment.

Reflexology is based on the idea that the whole organism is a single whole, and a change in one of its parts entails a reflex change in the work of the whole organism. The pioneer of reflexology in Europe was the physician William Fitzgerald, when he discovered that pressing on certain points during massage reduces pain or improves the functioning of internal organs. Simply put, conventionally, our entire body is divided into certain zones, and the impact anywhere on any of them changes the work of the entire zone. This theory has received tremendous distribution and development throughout the world.

Reflexology is a complex of techniques and methods of influencing biologically active points (BAPs) of the body, in which many nerve endings are concentrated. Irritation of these points has a beneficial effect on the body, restoring its work. The most common methods of reflexology are acupuncture (acupuncture), massage (acupressure), electropuncture, moxibustion, foot massage - since there are points on the foot that refer to all zones. It is interesting that during reflexology it is not recommended to use cream, ointment or powder - in order to avoid side effects.

Reflexology it is useful for both sick and healthy people, especially since today it is not easy to find an absolutely healthy person. What does reflexology give to a person who does not suffer from serious ailments? This method helps to fight anxiety and disorders, strengthens physical and mental health. Reflexology is a kind of psychologist: a competent reflexologist will relieve you of complexes and stress, restore self-confidence, and return the love of life. The list of indications for reflexology as a method of treatment is also very extensive: childhood illnesses, colds, allergic reactions, diseases of almost all body systems, pain of unknown origin, alcoholism.

Of course, there are a number of contraindications ... Reflexology is not recommended for people with acute infectious diseases, acute psychoses, benign and malignant formations. Contraindications also include some blood diseases, severe pathology of cardio-vascular system, liver, kidney, congenital malformations of the central nervous system, pregnancy. And yet, despite this, the list of indications for reflexology is more significant. One of the main methods of reflexology is acupuncture.

Acupuncture or acupuncture?

Along with the term "acupuncture" you may well come across such names as acupuncture, acupuncture, acupuncture, or even Zhen Chiu therapy. However, sometimes the word "reflexology" is used as a synonym for acupuncture, although this is not entirely accurate. How do they differ and do they differ at all? It is believed that all these terms are synonyms for acupuncture, the oldest method of treatment included in reflexology. In fact, it is so, although some sources single out acupuncture as a separate method of treatment. However, the method of influence does not change from the name change, so you should not find fault with the words - you just need to take it into account.

As the name suggests, acupuncture is a method of acting on BAPs using special needles. People unfamiliar with acupuncture sometimes find it unpleasant: an accidental injection, as we all know, can be quite painful. But acupuncture is a targeted effect on the body, which is carried out by a doctor, not an amateur. In addition, acupuncture involves the use of special needles - steel, silver or gold, very thin (0.3-0.45 mm) and sharpened in a special way. Therefore, the pain from the injection is minimized - you will feel only the sensations provided for by the treatment (but not painful): it can be aches, bursting or numbness.

The number of needles can be different and depends on the nature of the disease: from 2 to tens, the session time also varies: maybe 20 or 40 minutes. The course of treatment includes about 10 sessions, and is carried out either every day or every other day. Then they take a break, and if necessary, repeat the treatment. Acupuncture is a serious matter, and only a specialist can deal with it. The fact is that the number of points on the body reaches 700, and you need to clearly know where and how they are located. Trusting a non-professional, at best, you will not feel anything, and at worst, you will cause serious harm to the body.

In addition to the general strengthening effect that acupuncture has, it also effectively treats many diseases, including chronic ones. Often, acupuncture is used not only in reflexology, but also in combination with classical massage, especially in the treatment of osteochondrosis. A number of doctors believe that acupuncture has no contraindications at all - except perhaps for individual intolerance; however, it is not recommended to carry out acupuncture for diseases requiring urgent surgical intervention, for benign and malignant neoplasms, bleeding. In all other cases, acupuncture will not cause the slightest harm - on the contrary, most patients notice a significant improvement in their condition after the very first sessions.

Reflexology and acupuncture - the future for them?

So, more and more people are switching from ointments and drops to non-chemical methods of treatment, among which reflexology and acupuncture are not the last. There is nothing strange in this - as you yourself saw, a minimum of contraindications, the absence of allergies and side effects make these methods as attractive as possible for both treatment and prevention. You don't need to buy half of the pharmacy to get rid of fatigue, relieve nervousness and pain - reflexology and acupuncture are capable of all this.

One of the proofs of the ever-growing popularity of reflexology and, in particular, acupuncture, is the use of these methods in veterinary medicine. Yes, doctors, including Russian ones, are already actively using acupuncture in combination with massage and other non-drug methods to treat pets. Therefore, it is quite possible that in the not too distant future you and your cat will be treated with the same methods. It doesn't matter what they are: acupuncture, reflexology, massage or something else - the main thing is that their effect on the body is only positive.