How to understand that a child is teething and how to alleviate his condition: useful information for parents. How many milk teeth should a preschool child have What will indicate that teeth are being cut

By 2.5 - 3 years, the formation of a complete set of milk teeth occurs, the bite of temporary teeth is formed. By the age of 3, a child should have 20 milk teeth in their mouth. New milk teeth in the oral cavity will no longer erupt. At the age of 5, permanent teeth begin to erupt. The permanent incisors and molars erupt first.

period features.

During this period, the formation and further development of the roots of milk teeth takes place: they are strengthened in the bone tissue of the jaws. The processes of root formation smoothly flow into the processes of their resorption and replacement with permanent teeth, the rudiments of which are located under the milk teeth.

The presence of interdental spaces between the incisors and canines of the upper and mandible is a sign of a "normal" correctly developing occlusion of milk teeth. The absence of interdental spaces in the milk bite indirectly indicates a lack of space for the eruption of permanent incisors and canines, the crowns of which are much wider.

Starting from the age of 5-6 years, the bite of temporary (milk) teeth is replaced by permanent ones. This is preceded by the growth of the rudiments of permanent teeth and the physiological resorption of the roots of milk teeth. As the roots of milk teeth are resorbed, the mobility of these teeth appears. At this age, parents often note the mobility of the anterior lower and upper teeth(milk incisors). When the root dissolves completely, the tooth can fall out on its own: sometimes children “help” the tooth fall out with their tongue, constantly rocking it. Sometimes the “loss” of a resorbed tooth occurs during meals or during games.

Closer to 6 years, the first permanent chewing tooth (first molar) erupts behind the last milk tooth. Eruption of the first permanent molar is not accompanied by the loss of any tooth and does not cause any discomfort to the child, therefore it often goes unnoticed.

PARENTS FREQUENTLY MISTAKE THE FIRST PERMANENT POCKET TOOTH FOR AN ADDITIONAL MILK TEETH, BECAUSE IT EUTTS BEHIND ALL THE MILK TEETH AND THIS IS NOT PRELIED BY THE LOSS OF THE MILK TEETH: THE CHILD IS IMPRESSED THAT THE CHILD HAS 24 MILK TEETH.

Typical problems.

The most typical problem at the age of 3-6 years is the development of caries of milk teeth in the area of the first and second milk molars. Narrow and difficult to reach for a child, the interdental spaces between the first and second primary molars are an ideal place for plaque to accumulate. As a result, caries is formed on the surface of the teeth hidden from the eyes of the parents (between the 4th and 5th milk teeth). Being unnoticed, the carious process progresses rapidly, complicated by inflammation of the nerve of the tooth (pulpitis).

With poor oral hygiene and a large number of carious teeth, caries of the permanent molar (6th tooth) often develops, the quality treatment of which is possible only with a pediatric dentist.

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What influences this important process?

The start of the process depends on several factors:

child's heredity;
nutritional imbalance, It is important to children's body get enough calcium and vitamin D;
gender of the child, according to statistics, the teeth appear earlier in girls;
climatic conditions- in a hot area, teething occurs earlier, which is associated with enrichment with vitamin D from sunlight, which means better absorption of calcium.

What will indicate that teeth are being cut?

It is not difficult to determine when the first teeth erupt, as the behavior of infants varies greatly. The main symptoms of teething include:

Since the child’s immunity is still poorly formed, and the first teeth are stressful, the process of teething is accompanied by a number of other signs:

diarrhea;
runny nose;
elevated temperature;
the appearance of bubbles on the gums in places of teething;
restless sleep;
lack of appetite.

Normal timing of teething

Which teeth begin to be cut first in children and when does this happen:

usually teething starts in the lower jaw;
at the age of 6-9 months in an infant the central incisors climb from below, later the upper ones appear, by the year all the incisors usually already grow;
by sixteen months should appear chewing teeth, after another four months - fangs;
by the age of three on each of the jaws, a dentition consisting of ten teeth should form.

Despite the fact that dentists mention the timing and order of the appearance of teeth, in practice, not everything happens in such an orderly manner. Each child is an individual and teething can take place according to its own scenario.

No need to worry if the first tooth comes out on upper jaw. This is an absolutely normal phenomenon, with which you do not need to run to the dentist and immediately take a picture. The main thing is that the first tooth appears in the first year of life, the rest will have time to grow.

Atypical timing of the appearance of teeth

As noted earlier, there are unique cases that deserve attention. They are often not a sign of a problem, so don't panic if your teething doesn't go according to plan.

Can teeth be cut at 2-3 months?

If the first tooth erupted at 3 months, do not worry - this phenomenon is called early teething, and is most likely caused by the fact that the mother during pregnancy and also during lactation used vitamin complexes, rich in calcium and vitamin D, and also ate dairy products.

By the age of three months, the baby has accumulated enough minerals for the teeth to form properly.

If the teeth come out even earlier, at 2 or 3 months, it is worth undergoing an examination. Possible reasons are metabolic or hormonal imbalances.

After examination thyroid gland and ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, as well as on the basis of analyzes, a correct conclusion can be drawn regarding the cause of the early appearance of teeth.

Late teething

As a rule, the first tooth should appear before the year, but there are situations with late eruption. There can be many reasons for this condition, including:

Absence of tooth buds

In a year, in the absence of teeth, the child will most likely be sent for an X-ray to exclude the possibility of adentia - the absence of rudiments of teeth. The causes of this pathology can be:

If the rudiments of the teeth have resolved, then the only solution will be prosthetics, which is prescribed for 3-4 years of life.

Newborn with teeth

There are times when a baby is born with teeth. It can be both milk incisors and additional ones, in excess of the proper row. More often this phenomenon occurs in girls, and it is caused by a genetic predisposition.

If this happens, the baby must be shown to the dentist, an x-ray should be taken to decide the future fate of the tooth.

Additional ones are usually removed in order to avoid their entry into the lungs. Milk teeth, which are firmly seated in the jaw, are left if they are correctly aligned, do not have chips and sharp edges.

Teething is an important step in the formation of a baby. The health of primary teeth depends on the quality of milk teeth. But there is no need to worry ahead of time if the eruption did not begin in accordance with the generally accepted period.

Each baby is a unique person, in whose body hundreds of processes take place. His internal clock itself knows when the time will come for the first tooth to appear, and it is not so easy to influence this.

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Symptoms

There are symptoms by which you can find out that a child is teething, and respond to this with timely help, alleviating his condition. Signs can be basic, caused directly by this process, and accompanying - dictated by other factors, but coinciding in time with this phenomenon.

Main

It is the main symptoms that will tell parents how to understand that a child is teething:

swelling, swelling, itching of the gums;
bad sleep;
Why does a child eat poorly when teeth are being cut? - lack of appetite due to pain when touching swollen, inflamed gums;
how is the child behaving? - he is irritable, aggressive, naughty, often and a lot of angrily cries, takes everything in his mouth to relieve itching;
increased salivation;
rash, redness around the mouth, on the chin.

Here are some symptoms in a child when teeth are being cut, you need to pay attention. Together they give clinical picture this natural physiological process. However, they are often accompanied by accompanying manifestations that indicate other health problems. But unknowing parents mistakenly attribute them to teething.

The question of whether children get sick when teeth are cut is due to the fact that the main symptoms can be supplemented by a number of accompanying ones, which may indicate some diseases that coincided with this process. You need to know about them in order to see a doctor in time and undergo treatment - this will significantly alleviate the condition of the baby.

Temperature

What could be the temperature? Normally, it should not exceed 37.5 ° C, since the gums only slightly inflame during teething. If the mark on the thermometer shows more than 38 ° C, this is a sign of SARS, viral herpetic stomatitis or intestinal infection - an urgent consultation with a pediatrician is needed.

rashes

Bubbles filled with a cloudy liquid, erosion, bright red hyperemia, inflammation on the mucous membrane of the mouth and gums are symptoms of herpetic stomatitis.

loose stool

What is the child's chair when teething? Normal is normal. But if it becomes liquid, accompanied by vomiting and high fever, it is a rotavirus infection. Single vomiting without other symptoms is a consequence of swallowing a large amount of saliva.

Cough

A cough occurs when a child chokes on saliva that enters the esophagus instead of the esophagus. Airways. Or it is a symptom of a disease associated with the lungs or throat.

Runny nose

A runny nose indicates a cold and has nothing to do with teething.

In those days when children are teething, parents should be as attentive as possible to any changes in their condition and be able to distinguish the main symptoms from the secondary ones. This will help not to start a concomitant disease that can disguise itself as a natural process, and help the baby survive this difficult period.

It is interesting! Take a look at your baby's teeth. Solid, durable - a sign of an energetic person; large - kind and open; small - petty and scrupulous.

Sequence

In addition to the main symptoms, it is useful to know in what order the teeth come in in order to expect them to appear in the right place. This will be needed when using compresses and ointments. And it turns out that they cooled one, seemingly swollen, area, and the incisor or canine appeared in a completely different one.

Six months-8 months - lower central incisors.
Six months to a year - the upper fangs.
8 months-year - upper central incisors.
9-13 months - upper lateral incisors.
10 months-1.5 years - lower lateral incisors.
13-19 months - upper molars.
1.5-2 years - lower fangs.
1-1.5 years - lower molars.
2-2.5 years - lower second molars.
2-3 years - upper second molars.

Parents should also keep in mind which teeth are cut the most from this list. The fangs, with their sharp edges, tear the gum most painfully, thereby causing the child severe pain. Especially the upper ones, which are called "eye teeth": they are connected with the facial nerve. And, of course, you need to keep in mind the timing of when to expect all this and how long the whole process will last.

Curious fact. When one of the identical twins is missing a tooth, most often the exact same one is missing from the other.

Timing

Knowing the approximate dates when certain teeth should be cut in a baby allows parents to prepare for this phenomenon. If he began to act up and refuse to eat, drool and not sleep, you should not immediately run to the children's clinic - in such a situation, you can provide first aid on your own.

Age

According to the list given a little higher, you can see at what age the child's teeth are cut - from six months to almost 3 years. This is an individual indicator, and it can be shifted by several months. If there are significant deviations from the schedule and this process does not fit into the above time frame, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Not so much a pediatrician as a pediatric dentist will help here.

Duration

Parents often ask how many days children teething to know when relief comes. This is again very individual. On average, from 2 to 7 days - this is considered the norm. But the process can take several weeks. This is extremely rare, the situation is taken under the supervision of a doctor, the reasons for such a long process are being clarified.

Until what age do children cut their teeth? The main (20 dairy) should appear before 3 years. The rest of the indigenous - much later, from 6 to 8 years.

First tooth

In the same way, you can answer the question of how many days the first tooth is cut: there is no reason to believe that it will climb longer or faster than the others. Hope for a few days, but always be prepared for a longer process.

The timing of teething in children can be different, which is determined by the individual characteristics of the organism. Everything goes much easier and easier if they are not tightened. However, there is one consolation here: even if this whole process lasts for several weeks, its symptoms are not as pronounced as with a quick (2-3 days) eruption. The child usually behaves much calmer in such a situation. But in any case, parents should be aware of exactly how they can alleviate his condition.

Blimey! In terms of strength, human teeth can only be compared with shark teeth.

What to do

The first question that worries all parents is how to help when a child is teething. This applies to those situations when he is exhausted from pain and cries incessantly. Help fix the situation various means- medicinal and folk.

Medicines

Viburcol (Viburkol)

Don't know how to ease the pain? Use for this purpose homeopathic suppositories based on herbal ingredients, which have a calming, analgesic and slight antipyretic effect.

Panadol Baby (Baby Panadol)

Parents should know what to do if their child has teeth and fever. First of all, call a doctor who will determine the cause of the fever and prescribe the appropriate treatment. And before his arrival, you can give Panadol - one of the most popular and effective drugs. The main ingredient is paracetamol. Candles are used for babies, syrup - after a year.

Nurofen (Nurofen)

Looking for something to anesthetize a torn gum? Use Nurofen, an almost instantaneous antipyretic and analgesic suspension. It has a long-lasting effect (up to 6-8 hours). Contains ibuprofen. Not recommended for long term use.

Gels and ointments

Pain-relieving ointments and gels are popular when children start teething, but this is not a very good choice. With copious salivation, they are quickly eliminated from the mouth, so that the duration of their effectiveness is very short. Feeling local numbness of the gums under their action, the child may choke or bite his tongue. These drugs include Holisal, Dentinox, Kamistad, Kalgel, Dentol, Baby Doctor, Pansoral (Pansoral), Traumeel (Traumeel) - this is exactly what to smear the gums in this situation.

Folk remedies

Wrap a piece of ice in a sterile cotton cloth, wipe the swollen gums without pressure.

If the child is not allergic to honey, rub this product into the gums before going to bed.

chamomile

Do not know how to calm a child who is tormented by pain? Let him drink small amounts of chamomile tea 2-3 times a day. You can apply a compress to the gum - a bandage soaked in a decoction of chamomile. With the oil of this medicinal plant, you can lubricate the cheek from the outside where it hurts.

Chicory root

Give the child a chicory root to chew (can be replaced with strawberry root).

Propolis

Lubricate the inflamed gums with propolis infused with water.

Mummy

Wipe the gums twice a day with a mummy solution.

frozen fruit

If the child is already on complementary foods, you can give him to gnaw on small pieces of frozen fruits - a banana, an apple, a pear.

bread products

Bagels, crusts of bread, cookies, crackers can scratch itchy gums.

Care

Before the appearance of teeth, clean the gums in the morning and evening with a clean bandage wound around a finger and soaked in boiled water.
Can I bathe my baby while teething? Without high temperature- can. If it is, it is better to limit yourself to rubdowns.
Apply children's anti-inflammatory toothpastes, gels, foams: Weleda, Splat, Splat, Lacalut, Lallum Baby, President, Brush-baby, Silver Care (with silver), Umka, R.O.C.S., Silca, Elmex.
Don't give too many sweets.
Learn to chew vigorously.
Include more fruits and vegetables in your diet.
Visit the dentist 2 times a year.

Now you know how to help a child folk remedies and medications. All of them do their job very well. If you are unsure of their use, consult your pediatrician or dentist. From now on, you will need to visit the latter's office regularly to avoid complications.

Scientific data. The tooth is the only tissue that is not capable of self-healing.

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The baby is teething: symptoms, timing, how to help

With the birth of a baby, a lot of reasons for joy appear in the life of young parents: the smile of a child, his first words and steps. Among important points child development, a special place is occupied by the period when a child is teething, the symptoms of which often frighten adults to horror. The baby becomes restless, constantly crying, sometimes he has a fever or diarrhea begins. Surviving this time is much easier if you know how teeth erupt in infants and what can be done to alleviate the condition of the baby.

How children's teeth climb

Teeth are cut: symptoms

At the age of 4-8 months, the first symptoms of teething in infants begin to appear. They usually look like this:

redness and swelling of the gums;
increased salivation;
the desire of the child to keep something in his mouth all the time, to gnaw and bite toys;
loss of appetite;
vomit;
tearfulness;
temperature increase;
restless sleep;
constipation or diarrhea;
nasal congestion, cough;
diathesis.

Every baby has their own way of handling climbing teeth. Some children develop indigestion when teeth begin to appear in the lower jaw and fever when in the upper.

It would seem that the body reacts too violently to such a natural process as teething: the symptoms can really resemble an incipient disease. But the pain that accompanies this "happy" event is so strong that adults could endure it no better. Before "showing itself to the world", a tooth must grow through bone tissue and gum mucosa.

Dangerous signs of teething in infants

Despite the fact that indigestion, fever, stuffy nose and cough are common companions of climbing teeth, some doctors do not consider these symptoms to be so unambiguous. The explanation for this opinion is very simple: the first years of a child's life are marked not only by growing teeth, but also by a high risk of getting an infection. Therefore, ordinary diarrhea can be both a completely harmless “incident” and a manifestation of a dangerous disease. In this case, how to understand that teeth are being cut, and pathology does not make itself felt?

Moist cough

When teeth are being cut, symptoms such as excessive salivation and a slight cough are quite normal. Saliva collects in the throat area, and the lying baby wants to get rid of it by coughing. In a sitting position, a wet cough also manifests itself, but much less often. It usually resolves in 2-3 days and does not require special treatment.

Another thing is when a child coughs very strongly and often, in addition, excessive sputum is observed. The cough lasts more than 2 days and is accompanied by wheezing and shortness of breath, causing the baby to suffer. In this case, you should immediately contact your pediatrician.

Runny nose

During the period when children are teething, the amount of mucus secreted in the nose increases significantly. It is clear, liquid and does not look painful. Normally, a runny nose is mild and disappears in 3-4 days. As a treatment, you can limit yourself to simply washing the nose from the accumulated mucus.

Parents should be alerted by a profuse runny nose, in which cloudy white or greenish mucus is released. If such nasal congestion does not go away after 3 days, you should consult your doctor.

Elevated temperature

Teething in infants is accompanied by the active production of bioactive substances in the gum area. This process provokes an increase in temperature to 37-38 C for 1-2 days. Then the condition of the baby returns to normal. Parents can bring down the temperature with antipyretics that are harmless to children.

But sometimes the child's health does not improve, and the temperature lasts more than 2 days. This is a serious reason to visit your doctor. A visit to the pediatrician is also required if the temperature has risen above 39 C.

Diarrhea

The body noticeably increases the activity of salivation when teething begins in children. Because of this, the baby constantly swallows saliva, which accelerates intestinal motility. The result is diarrhea characterized by watery stools. The act of defecation in a child does not occur too often - 2-3 times a day. Usually diarrhea goes away in 2-3 days.

A doctor should be consulted if diarrhea is prolonged, very frequent and intense, as it can provoke a dangerous small child state of dehydration. Also, parents should be alerted by impurities of mucus or blood in the stool.

Sometimes there is an indigestion opposite to diarrhea - constipation. It should not be allowed to last more than 3-4 days. It is necessary to discuss with the doctor how you can help the baby's intestines to be cleansed.

Parents who first observe the symptoms of teething in infants should consult a pediatrician in all incomprehensible situations. It is better once again disturb the doctor than to allow the development of the disease in the child. With a second baby, it will be much easier, and the signs of teething will not seem so frightening.

When do children start teething?

The timing of the appearance of teeth, like other statistical information, is determined more approximately than exactly. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the child: someone becomes a “nibbler” much earlier than expected, someone later. It is noticed that boys are slightly behind girls. On average, teeth begin to erupt in children at this age:

In current babies, the first tooth appears at about 8.5 months, which somewhat shifts the growth period of the rest. Until the first year of life, the baby boasts at least one tooth. As a rule, by the age of 3, a child will acquire a full set of 20 milk teeth.

In many children, teeth climb 2, or even 4 at once. Such a load can be difficult for a baby to bear, but pairing in teething is completely normal.

It is not so important what time the teeth begin to be cut and in what order: this does not affect the “quality” in any way. Therefore, do not worry that the child is a little behind or ahead of his peers - he just develops at his own pace.

It is necessary to carefully care for the child's oral cavity:

for a baby up to 1-1.5 years old, wipe the teeth with a special silicone brush;
from 1.5 years of age to buy a baby brush for a child;
From the age of 2, teach your baby to rinse his mouth after eating.

The first visit to the dentist with a child should be made at the age of 1 year.

Teeth are falling: how to help a child

How to behave to relieve the symptoms of teething in a child

Babies are very sensitive to the behavior of their parents, especially their mothers. Therefore, you can brighten up the period of teething by simply giving the child maximum benevolent attention. Need to:

take the baby in your arms more often;
talk affectionately with the child, sing to him;
distract the baby with toys;
do not quarrel in the nursery, avoid screaming in the presence of the child.

Breastfed babies, when teething begins, tend to contact the mother's breast as often as possible. During this period, it is not necessary to establish a strict feeding schedule: this will only worsen the condition of the child. After 2-3 days, everything will return to normal, but for now, you should give the baby a breast as often as he asks. This will calm him down and reduce the level of irritability.

During the period when teeth are being cut, children have a strong need to scratch their gums with something. As a rule, they use their favorite toy for this purpose. But there are also special teethers made of safe materials and helping the baby to survive a difficult period. Their prices vary considerably:

Curababy girl teether - 1450 rubles. In fact, this is a combination of a rattle, a massage toothbrush and a teether. Material - soft rubber and hard plastic;
Curababy boy set - 2000 rubles. Boy's version of the previous model. Also included is a children's toothbrush;
cooling teether "Eight" from Canpol - 270 rubles. Made of polymer frame and filled with distilled water;
teether "Eight" from Nuk - 160 rubles. Made of PVC, has a relief surface that allows you to massage the gums. The set includes 2 pcs;
teethers Bright Starts - 350 rubles. for 3 pcs. They have a relief surface that develops motor skills in babies. Made of soft polymer and filled with water;
combined teethers from Nuk - 520 rubles. for 3 pcs. Their main difference is that each teether varies in degree of rigidity and is suitable for a certain period of tooth growth.

Naturally, when a child's teeth are actively climbing, you want to remove the symptoms of what is happening as soon as possible. But you should not place too high hopes on teethers: babies often refuse them, preferring an ordinary rattle to such “specialized” items. In this case, you need to make sure that the child puts only a safe object into his mouth: without sharp corners and small parts that can be chewed off. Many parents “slip” a chilled spoon or dummy to their baby, or even completely dispense with ordinary drying.

Medications that relieve the symptoms of teething in babies

Some parents believe that the child should not be given any medication. But such an opinion exists only until the moment of recognition of how teeth are cut in babies. Under the influence of the child's suffering and relatives tired of his cries, the parents decide to go to the pharmacy. What medicine can relieve the symptoms of teething in children?

Dantinorm baby. Homeopathic remedy in the form of a solution. For a long time it anesthetizes, and also reduces the severity of digestive disorders. Estimated cost - 300 rubles.
Dentokind. A homeopathic preparation designed specifically for babies. On average, its cost is 700 rubles. for 150 tablets. The medicine relieves all the unpleasant symptoms of teething in infants, including nasal congestion, diarrhea and fever. Children are supposed to suck the tablets, but they are often too small for this. So the pill can be dissolved in a teaspoon of water and allowed to be swallowed by the baby.
Kamistad. Gel. It has an anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, regenerating and antiseptic effect. Main active ingredients- lidocaine and chamomile extract. The average price is 150 rubles. for 10 g. Not recommended for children under 3 months.
Dentinox. Gel or solution. The average cost is 180 rubles. for 10 g / ml. Relieves pain and inflammation of the gums. Safe even if a child swallows some of the gel.
Holisal. Gel. Cost - 330 rubles. for 10 g. Anesthetizes, relieves inflammation and kills microbes. May cause an allergic reaction in the form of a short-term burning sensation.
Kalgel. Gel. The main ingredient is lidocaine. It is used for children older than 5 months. It has a weak analgesic effect, can provoke an allergic reaction.

Homeopathy and gels do not always relieve teething in children, the symptoms of which are almost always accompanied by soreness. Therefore, you can give the child an age-appropriate pain reliever:

Paracetamol for children. Suspension. Relieves pain, lowers the temperature. Do not take longer than 3 days in a row;
Panadol. Candles, suspension. It is based on paracetamol. Candles are convenient to use if the child is very small;
Nurofen for children Suspension. Contains ibuprofen. After a single dose, it relieves pain for a long time.

During the period when the child's teeth climb, the symptoms cannot be removed with the help of Aspirin. It is absolutely not suitable for children as an antipyretic or pain reliever.

Folk remedies

All the unpleasant signs of teething in children were known even when medicine was not so developed. Therefore, there are many ways to alleviate the condition of the child with the help of folk remedies. Among them:

Cold. It is necessary to hold a spoon or pacifier in the freezer and give it to the baby. A cooled thing will relieve pain and soothe the gums a little. Older children can be offered vegetables, fruits, juices from the refrigerator.
Massage. Soak a small piece of gauze in peroxide or chamomile decoction. They need to gently wipe the place where the tooth began to be cut.
Motherwort decoction. It is necessary to pour 1 tsp. herbs 0.5 liters of boiling water. Allow the drink to cool slightly, sugar and offer to the child. You can also use valerian root tea.
Honey. You should carefully smear the gums with honey. It perfectly soothes and relieves irritation.
Chicory or strawberry root. You just need to let the baby gnaw on the root. The child will massage the gums in this way and soothe the pain.
Soda solution. When teeth are being cut, symptoms will help to remove 1 tsp. soda diluted with a glass of water. In the solution, you need to moisten a piece of bandage, wrap it around your index finger and treat your gums with it.

It is also necessary to carefully wipe the saliva accumulated around the mouth. If teething is accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, then the child should be fed liquid pureed food and given plenty of fluids to drink.

There are several folk ways used when teeth appear, which must be abandoned:

press firmly on the gums with your finger. This will only increase the pain and irritation;
give your child stale bread or cookies. He may choke on crumbs. Teethers in this sense are much safer;
wipe the gums with undissolved soda or pick them. There is little benefit from this, but there is a risk of infection.

During the period when the baby's teeth are being cut, the symptoms are difficult to endure not only for the child, but also for his parents. Baby cries do not belong to the classic “joys of motherhood,” but you can’t do without them. But when the baby survives the painful days of climbing teeth, he will successfully pass another stage of growing up.

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How many teeth does a 3 year old have?

According to the norms of development of a child, at the age of three he should have 20 milk teeth. At the same time, four incisors, two canines, four molars (chewing teeth) are located on each jaw.

But parents should understand that how many teeth a child has at 3 years old depends on many reasons. And there is nothing to worry about if a child's teeth are cut at 3 years old and even later. Moreover, other children may have a complete set of milk teeth by the age of two.

Most often, the cause of earlier or later growth of teeth is a hereditary predisposition, especially on the part of the mother. If a mother's teeth erupted later, she should not worry that a child at three years old does not have 20 milk teeth.

In addition, the general condition of the baby's body affects the growth of teeth, its immune system. If the child is often sick, he is weakened, you should not wait for the rapid appearance of all the teeth. Also, late growth of teeth is caused by some chronic diseases child. As a rule, they include pathologies of the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine systems organism.

Another reason that teeth are cut in a child at 3 years old and later may be a lack of vitamins and trace elements in his diet. Especially important for the development and growth of teeth are calcium, fluorine, vitamins D, A, E.

Even the area in which the baby lives affects the time of eruption and the rate of growth of teeth.

However, if a child has very few teeth erupted by the age of three, it must be shown to a doctor. There are many diseases, one of the symptoms of which is a slowdown in the growth of teeth. And it is important to diagnose them in time for the timely initiation of treatment.

Problems in the growth of teeth in a child at 3 years old

It would seem that if the baby has already got out all the milk teeth, the difficulties and problems associated with them are left behind. But exactly three years is the age when various dental diseases begin to appear in children.

All dental diseases in children are conditionally divided into carious and non-carious pathologies.

Carious diseases include caries proper, periodontitis, pulpitis.

Caries is a disease of the tooth in which it is destroyed. First, the minerals that make up the tooth are dissolved, then they are destroyed hard tissues tooth, cavities are formed. Experts call the cause of caries heredity, deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body. But, nevertheless, the main reason for the development of caries is poor dental care. Some parents mistakenly think that caring for the teeth of young children is not necessary. This is completely the wrong approach. Hygiene procedures for dental care should be carried out from the moment the first tooth appears. And already at the age of three, the baby can clean them on his own. Of course, parents should teach the baby to do it right. The child's teeth are brushed twice a day with a soft brush. At this age, you can already use a special children's paste. It is necessary to purchase a paste in which the minimum content of dyes, flavors.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory process of the periodontium, that is, the tissue that fills the space between the tooth and the bone bed. Often periodontitis develops due to the lack of treatment of dental caries. This disease causes a lot of suffering to the child. His gums, cheek swell, pains of great intensity appear. The tooth may stagger, in some cases, pus flows out of the hole in the gum.

Pulpitis is an inflammatory process in the neurovascular bundle (pulp), which is also called a nerve. It appears after infection of the pulp with pathogens that penetrate from the focus of caries. This disease is characterized by very severe pain, which often covers the entire jaw and part of the head. Characteristically, pulpitis of milk teeth often leads to carious lesions of permanent teeth even before their eruption.

From non-carious lesions of the teeth in a child at the age of 3, it is possible to distinguish hypoplasia of tooth enamel, dental fluorosis and pathological abrasion teeth.

Hypoplasia of tooth enamel is associated with malformations of its development, mineralization disorders. A symptom of this pathology is the appearance on the surface of the tooth of spots, grooves of white, bluish, yellowish hues. The main symptom of hypoplasia is the eruption of a tooth already affected by the disease.

Almost always, the cause of the development of enamel hypoplasia is the pathology of pregnancy. The laying and mineralization of the milk and permanent teeth of the child occurs in the prenatal period. And all the negative factors during pregnancy (toxicosis, past infections, unbalanced diet) provoke the development of dental hypoplasia in a child.

Dental fluorosis in three-year-old children is caused by excessive intake of fluoride into the body, usually with water. Typically, this pathology affects children who live in areas where the water contains an excess of fluorine. Signs of fluorosis are the appearance of white spots on the baby's teeth.

Pathological abrasion of teeth is a lesion of tooth enamel, in which the thickness of its hard tissues decreases. Such a disease can affect one tooth or all at the same time. Often, pathological abrasion of teeth in children is congenital. Also, this pathology occurs in the presence of some chronic diseases in children, such as neurodystrophic disorders, thyroid dysfunction, hypofunction of the pituitary gland.

The nature of the eruption of milk teeth largely depends on the genetic predisposition to a particular feature and the state of health of the child. The dentition is formed by 3 years. There may be deviations when the teeth appear a few months earlier or later than the due date. In this case, you need to show the baby to the doctor in order to exclude developmental disorders of the dentoalveolar system.

How many and what types of milk teeth should a child have at 3-4 years old?

As a rule, tubercles appear on the gums at 4 months. Answering the question of how many teeth should be by the age of 3, doctors indicate 20 dental units. Which teeth are cut first? "Milkmen" erupt in the following sequence: incisors, molars and canines. Most often, the first teeth are cut in the lower jaw, which experiences more pressure during breastfeeding.

Deviations from the norm that are not pathological

The following deviations from the norms of teething are not a cause for concern:

the appearance of the first tooth at three months or, conversely, only by the year;
a smaller number of dental units - 16, which is often found in late dentition;
each tooth is cut for about 2 weeks (normally this process lasts for several days);
the birth of a baby with teeth (in this case, you need to show the baby to the doctor to exclude pathologies of the endocrine system).

Do not worry if the first teeth appeared on the upper gum or instead of the incisors, the fangs came out first. Violation of the order of eruption is not a pathology, but is associated with the peculiarities of the formation of the dentition, the absence breastfeeding, pacifier abuse. It is recommended to show the baby to the doctor to prevent crowding and ingrown teeth into the gums.

In what cases should you contact a specialist?

You should definitely contact a specialist if:

Causes of deviations from the norm

One of the common pathologies of the eruption of "milkmen" is the appearance of the first tooth after 12 months. The causes of this anomaly are associated with local disorders and general diseases.

introduction of complementary foods after 12 months;
hyperdontia - a rare pathology characterized by an excess of teeth, which is an obstacle to their normal eruption;
gum injury;
malignant education;
gnathic jaw with a wide lower jaw and a narrow upper jaw.

To the late eruption of "milkmen" in children lead to:

metabolic disorders;
lack of calcium, vitamins A and D;
the use of low-quality drinking water;
severe toxicosis during pregnancy;
hereditary predisposition;
living in a cold climate;
mineral metabolism disorders that prevent the normal formation of bone tissue.

The delay in the eruption of milk teeth is caused by diseases such as rickets, anemia, severe infection, dyspeptic indigestion - a deficiency of enzymes involved in the digestion of food. In addition to the late appearance of milkmen, babies are also diagnosed with slow growth and weight gain, an open fontanelle after a year, and curvature of the limbs.

Do not confuse delayed teething with adentia. In this case, even the rudiments of dental units are absent in the child's jaw. The causes of this pathology are not exactly known, but most often the anomaly is associated with intoxication and inflammation suffered by the baby in the womb. Adentia is not subject to treatment and is eliminated by prosthetics.

Early eruption of "milkmen" is most often associated with an excess of calcium received by the baby in the womb, and a genetic predisposition to such a deviation. In other cases, the violation is due to the following reasons:

accelerated development of the baby;
increased activity of the thyroid gland - hyperthyroidism;
transferred severe infections in the first months of life;
a tumor in the jaw;
unfavorable environment leading to intoxication of the mother and baby with substances with mutagenic properties.

Features of the growth of permanent dental units

Teeth in children at the age of 5 begin to stagger. Permanent front teeth appear in the same order as milk teeth: from 6 to 9 years old, incisors grow, up to 12 years old - canines and premolars, up to 13 years old - second molars.

Until the age of 6, the first molars erupt in the free areas of the gums formed as a result of the growth of the jaw. You need to be wary if the eruption time is 6 months longer than normal.

Due to the development of the child or recent dental treatment, there may be a delay in the loss of milk teeth. Later than others (up to 25 years), 3 molars appear - wisdom teeth. Unlike other permanent teeth, which grow imperceptibly, their appearance in most cases causes pain to the patient, which is why they are often disposed of.

It is not uncommon for permanent teeth to appear before milk teeth fall out. In this case, you need to remove the milk tooth as soon as possible. Gradually, under the pressure of the tongue, the permanent tooth will move into place. If you do not see a doctor in time, the child's bite will deteriorate, which will require long-term orthodontic treatment.

With the appearance of permanent dental units that are larger than the milk teeth, the interdental spaces that form during the growth of the jaw disappear. With small distances or their absence, incisors and canines overlap each other. The curvature of the dentition also occurs during mechanical action. To prevent injuries during sports, the child needs to wear a special mouthguard.

Preventive actions

To avoid problems with the eruption of milk teeth, adhere to the following rules:

Often, milk teeth are cut late due to untimely treatment of dental diseases, in particular caries. Untreated caries leads to inflammation of the gums, early loss of milk teeth, malocclusion and, most dangerously, to the death of the rudiments of permanent teeth. To prevent crowding of the teeth, temporary dentures are installed in the vacated places.

Many parents rejoice at each child's clove that appears. At the same time, they monitor whether their number corresponds to certain norms for the number of erupted teeth at each age. In addition, some children have problems with the growth of teeth. All this raises a lot of questions from parents, which it is not always possible for a specialist to ask.

One of the important periods in the development of the baby is the age of three years. Consider the main problems that parents worry about the growth of teeth in a child at 3 years old.

How many teeth does a 3 year old have

According to the developmental standards of the child, at the age of three he has must have 20 milk teeth. At the same time, four incisors, two canines, four molars (chewing teeth) are located on each jaw.

Reasons for late eruption

Most often, the cause of earlier or later growth of teeth is a hereditary predisposition, especially on the part of the mother. If a mother's teeth erupted later, she should not worry that a child at three years old does not have 20 milk teeth.
In addition, the growth of teeth is affected by the general condition of the baby's body, its immune system. If the child is often sick, he is weakened, you should not wait for the rapid appearance of all the teeth. Also, late growth of teeth is caused by some chronic diseases of the child. As a rule, these include pathologies of the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine systems of the body.
Another reason that teeth are cut in a child at 3 years old and later may be a lack of vitamins and trace elements in his diet. Especially important for the development and growth of teeth are calcium, fluorine, vitamins D, A, E.
Even the area in which the baby lives affects the time of eruption and the rate of growth of teeth.

Problems in the growth of teeth in a child at 3 years old

All dental diseases in children are conditionally divided into carious and non-carious pathologies.

Carious pathologies

Carious diseases include caries proper, periodontitis, pulpitis.

Caries

Disease of the tooth, in which it is destroyed. First, the mineral substances that make up the tooth are dissolved, then the hard tissues of the tooth are destroyed, cavities are formed. Experts call the cause of caries heredity, deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body. But, nevertheless, the main reason for the development of caries is poor dental care. Some parents mistakenly think that caring for the teeth of young children is not necessary. This is completely the wrong approach. Hygiene procedures for dental care should be carried out from the moment the first tooth appears. And already at the age of three, the baby can clean them on his own. Of course, parents should teach the baby to do it right. The child's teeth are brushed twice a day with a soft brush. At this age, you can already use a special children's paste. It is necessary to purchase a paste in which the minimum content of dyes, flavors.

Periodontitis

The inflammatory process of the periodontium, that is, the tissue that fills the space between the tooth and the bone bed. Often periodontitis develops due to the lack of treatment of dental caries. This disease causes a lot of suffering to the child. His gums, cheek swell, pains of great intensity appear. The tooth may stagger, in some cases, pus flows out of the hole in the gum.

Pulpitis

An inflammatory process in the neurovascular bundle (pulp), which is also called a nerve. It appears after infection of the pulp with pathogens that penetrate from the focus of caries. This disease is characterized by very severe pain, which often covers the entire jaw and part of the head. Characteristically, pulpitis of milk teeth often leads to carious lesions of permanent teeth even before their eruption.

Non-carious pathologies

From non-carious lesions of the teeth in a child at the age of 3, hypoplasia of tooth enamel, dental fluorosis and pathological abrasion of teeth can be distinguished.

Enamel hypoplasia

Fluorosis

When a child is teething, there is no rest for himself or for the rest of the household. Rarely does this process go painlessly: most often it is accompanied by crying, irritability and insomnia.

Parents should be prepared for this crucial moment in advance: to know when this will happen, in what sequence the teeth come out, and most importantly, how to help their baby overcome all these difficulties with minimal losses.

Main

It is the main symptoms that will tell parents how to understand that a child is teething:

swelling, swelling, itching of the gums;
bad sleep;
Why does a child eat poorly when teeth are being cut? - lack of appetite due to pain when touching swollen, inflamed gums;
how is the child behaving? - he is irritable, aggressive, naughty, often and a lot of angrily cries, takes everything in his mouth to relieve itching;
increased salivation;
rash, redness around the mouth, on the chin.

Here are some symptoms in a child when teeth are being cut, you need to pay attention. Together, they give a clinical picture of this natural physiological process. However, they are often accompanied by accompanying manifestations that indicate other health problems. But unknowing parents mistakenly attribute them to teething.

Temperature

What could be the temperature? Normally, it should not exceed 37.5 ° C, since the gums only slightly inflame during teething. If the mark on the thermometer shows more than 38 ° C, this is a sign of viral herpetic stomatitis or intestinal infection - an urgent consultation with a pediatrician is needed.

rashes

Bubbles filled with a cloudy liquid, erosion, bright red hyperemia, inflammation on the mucous membrane of the mouth and gums are symptoms.

loose stool

Cough

A cough occurs when a child chokes on saliva that enters the respiratory tract instead of the esophagus. Or it is a symptom of a disease associated with the lungs or throat.

Runny nose

A runny nose testifies to and has nothing to do with teething.

It is interesting! Take a look at your baby's teeth. Solid, durable - a sign of an energetic person; large - kind and open; small - petty and scrupulous.

Sequence

Six months-8 months - lower central incisors.
Six months to a year - the upper fangs.
8 months-year - upper central incisors.
9-13 months - upper lateral incisors.
10 months-1.5 years - lower lateral incisors.
13-19 months - upper molars.
1.5-2 years - lower fangs.
1-1.5 years - lower molars.
2-2.5 years - lower second molars.
2-3 years - upper second molars.

Parents should also keep in mind which teeth are cut the most from this list. The fangs, with their sharp edges, tear the gums most painfully, thereby causing severe pain to the child. Especially the upper ones, which are called "eye teeth": they are connected with the facial nerve. And, of course, you need to keep in mind the timing of when to expect all this and how long the whole process will last.

Curious fact. When one of the identical twins is missing a tooth, most often the exact same one is missing from the other.

Timing

Age

According to the list given a little higher, you can see at what age the child's teeth are cut - from six months to almost 3 years. This is an individual indicator, and it can be shifted by several months. If there are significant deviations from the schedule and this process does not fit into the time frame indicated above, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Not so much a pediatrician as a pediatric dentist will help here.

Duration

Until what age do children cut their teeth? The main (20 dairy) should appear before 3 years. The rest of the indigenous - much later, from 6 to 8 years.

First tooth

Blimey! In terms of strength, human teeth can only be compared with shark teeth.

What to do

The first question that worries all parents is how to help when a child is teething. This applies to those situations when he is exhausted from pain and cries incessantly. To correct the situation will help various means - medication and folk.

Medicines

Viburcol (Viburkol)

Don't know how to ease the pain? Use for this purpose homeopathic suppositories based on herbal ingredients, which have a calming, analgesic and slight antipyretic effect.

Panadol Baby (Baby Panadol)

Nurofen (Nurofen)

Gels and ointments

Folk remedies

Wrap a piece of ice in a sterile cotton cloth, wipe the swollen gums without pressure.

If the child is not allergic to honey, rub this product into the gums before going to bed.

chamomile

Chicory root

Give the child a chicory root to chew (can be replaced with strawberry root).

Propolis

Lubricate the inflamed gums with propolis infused with water.

Mummy

Wipe the gums twice a day with a mummy solution.

frozen fruit

If the child is already on complementary foods, you can give him to gnaw on small pieces of frozen fruits - a banana, an apple, a pear.

bread products

Bagels, crusts of bread, cookies, crackers can scratch itchy gums.

Care

Before the appearance of teeth, clean the gums in the morning and evening with a clean bandage wound around a finger and soaked in boiled water.
Can I bathe my baby while teething? In the absence of high temperature - it is possible. If it is, it is better to limit yourself to rubdowns.
Apply children's anti-inflammatory toothpastes, gels, foams: Weleda, Splat, Splat, Lacalut, Lallum Baby, President, Brush-baby, Silver Care (with silver), Umka, R.O.C.S., Silca, Elmex.
Don't give too many sweets.
Learn to chew vigorously.
Include more fruits and vegetables in your diet.
Visit the dentist 2 times a year.

Now you know how to help a child with folk remedies and medications. All of them do their job very well. If you are unsure of their use, consult your pediatrician or dentist. From now on, you will need to visit the latter's office regularly to avoid complications.

Scientific data. The tooth is the only tissue that is not capable of self-healing.

Complications

Not always the process of teething ends safely. If it dragged on and the jaw did not have time to form by the desired period, this is fraught with various complications for the child's health, including:

early caries;
indigestion;
unformed gastrointestinal tract;
enamel hypoplasia: erupted teeth are damaged by spots of different colors, grooves, stripes, depressions (pits).

The causes of such complications are:

in the first half of pregnancy - toxicosis, exacerbation of herpes, kidney disease, fever, rubella, toxoplasmosis,;
premature pregnancy;
lack of breastfeeding;
Rhesus conflict;
transferred before teething sepsis, intestinal toxicosis;
frequent convulsions, acute respiratory infections in a child.

In order for all teeth to erupt on time and without complications, a young mother should take care of this even during pregnancy, eating normally and avoiding infections.

Parents should not be afraid of this natural and expected process: there are many remedies (both medicinal and folk) that eliminate pain and fever - constant companions of this phenomenon. The main thing is that you are next to the child at this difficult moment for him and be patient with his irritability and whims.

How much should a baby have at 3 years old? This question is asked by every mother of a three-year-old, because any deviations from age norms scare caring parents. And the very process of the appearance of milk teeth in a baby gives a lot of trouble to the whole family.

The standard number of teeth in a child at the age of three

According to experts and WHO (World Health Organization) standards, by the age of three, a child should have all twenty milk teeth erupted. Until the baby grows up, and his milk odontopagus is replaced by permanent ones, the baby will have to make do with twenty teeth.

This amount is provided by nature itself, because the jaw of a child is small enough, and simply does not contain thirty-two teeth, as in adults. Practice shows that indeed most of the little men at the age of three already have a full milk row of twenty teeth. There are ten pieces on the lower and upper jaws: 2 canines, 4 incisors and 4 molars (chewing teeth located farthest from the center).

However, if your baby already had all the milk teeth erupted at 2.5 years old, or, on the contrary, at 3.5 years old he had only 18 odontopagus, this is not a pathology. The alarm should be sounded when less than a dozen teeth have erupted in the crumbs by the age of three.

The standard number of teeth in a small child is calculated by experts using the following formula:

KMZ \u003d BM - 4, where KMZ is the number of milk teeth, BM is the age in months. It turns out that a one and a half year old child should have: 18-4 \u003d 14 teeth, which will completely correspond to the norm. When all the teeth erupt in the crumbs, there should be no gaps or gaps between them.

Pediatricians assign a rather important role to the number of teeth in a three-year-old child: this indicator allows you to determine the level of physical development of the baby and may indicate the presence of diseases.

Causes of deviations from the norm

If the baby is not too far from ideal in terms of the number of milk teeth, this is not at all scary. Here, most likely, the reason lies in heredity. All people are individual: for some, the first tooth erupts at four or five months, for others after a year. Hence, the rest of the milk teeth are late for someone, and for someone they are in a hurry.

In addition to heredity, there are several reasons why a three-year-old child does not have enough teeth:

Lack of calcium and vitamins
Loss of a tooth due to trauma or extraction (caries)
Climatic zone of residence
Ecological situation
Congenital or past diseases
Mom's poor nutrition during
Chronic diseases of the nasopharynx
Abuse of pacifiers and nipples
Weak development of gum muscles

These reasons play an important role in the formation of a milk bite, the presence of large gaps and gaps between the baby's teeth is a reason to see a doctor.

Improper growth of milk odontopagus leads to various defects in the formation and development of permanent teeth, and can significantly spoil the "adult smile".

Possible problems of the chewing apparatus in babies at 3 years old

A significant lack of milk teeth in a child may indicate a lack of vitamins and minerals in the baby's body, metabolic disorders and problems, endocrine or cardio - vascular systems. Of course, this is a reason to visit a doctor. Any deviations and pathologies must be detected and treated in time.

Along with the number of milk odontopaguses in a child, parents should be concerned about their condition. It is at the age of three that the first problems with teeth begin in children, such as caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, as well as other problems of the chewing apparatus:

Teeth with a black border indicate a lack of iron in the baby's body.
The presence of a large gap between the upper incisors is an anatomical defect and is corrected by an orthodontist.
Darkening of tooth enamel occurs as a result of mom's treatment during pregnancy, and a greenish tint indicates problems with metabolism, metabolism or diseases circulatory system baby.
Hypoplasia (gray soft dental tissue) is a consequence of poor nutrition of the mother during the period of expectation of the child.
An incorrect bite in a child also needs to be corrected, this problem will not be solved by itself and will grow with the baby. In adulthood, it is much more difficult to eliminate it.

3 year old oral care

At the age of three years, the baby is quite capable of independently brushing his teeth twice a day, and rinsing his mouth after each meal. To do this, you need to start accustoming your baby to personal hygiene from the age of one. A few tips for parents whose kids don't like brushing their teeth:

Carry out the procedure in a playful way and turn it into an exciting process for the crumbs.
Go to the store with your child and buy a toothbrush and paste that he liked. It should be remembered that the children's brush should be small with soft bristles, and the paste should be appropriate for age, as children often swallow it. For a three-year-old, a pea-sized amount of paste will be enough for one cleaning.
Brush your teeth yourself with your child, because children try to imitate their parents in everything.
While the baby does not have enough experience, after his independent attempts to conduct a control cleaning with his own hands.
Explain to the child the need for the procedure, read a book to him or watch a cartoon together about animals that did not brush their teeth and therefore got sick.

Caring for a child's milk teeth is a fundamental basis for the formation of a permanent dentition in a growing man.

While watching the video, you will learn about teething in babies.

At right approach parents, the baby will soon learn the rules of hygiene and this useful habit will remain with him for life. The child will grow up without fear of dentists, not knowing toothache and constantly delighting parents with his radiant Hollywood smile.

How to understand that a child is teething and how to alleviate his condition: useful information for parents. How many milk teeth should a preschool child have What will indicate that teeth are being cut

period features.

Typical problems.

What influences this important process?

What will indicate that teeth are being cut?

Normal timing of teething

Atypical timing of the appearance of teeth

Can teeth be cut at 2-3 months?

Late teething

Absence of tooth buds

Newborn with teeth

Symptoms

Main

Related

Sequence

Timing

What to do

Medicines

Folk remedies

Care

The baby is teething: symptoms, timing, how to help

How children's teeth climb

Teeth are cut: symptoms

Dangerous signs of teething in infants

Moist cough

Runny nose

Elevated temperature

Diarrhea

When do children start teething?

Teeth are falling: how to help a child

Medications that relieve the symptoms of teething in babies

Folk remedies

How many teeth does a 3 year old have?

Problems in the growth of teeth in a child at 3 years old

How many and what types of milk teeth should a child have at 3-4 years old?

Deviations from the norm that are not pathological

In what cases should you contact a specialist?

Causes of deviations from the norm

Features of the growth of permanent dental units

Preventive actions

How many teeth does a 3 year old have

Reasons for late eruption

Problems in the growth of teeth in a child at 3 years old

Carious pathologies

Caries

Periodontitis

Pulpitis

Non-carious pathologies

Enamel hypoplasia

Fluorosis

Main

Related

Sequence

Timing

What to do

Medicines

Folk remedies

Care

Complications

The standard number of teeth in a child at the age of three

Causes of deviations from the norm

Possible problems of the chewing apparatus in babies at 3 years old

3 year old oral care