Mammography of cysts and fibroadenomas of the mammary gland. Fibroadenoma and breast cysts with mastopathy

Mastopathy is a disease that most often occurs in women with hormonal imbalances. Mastopathy has different forms and needs full control by a specialist. Since if left untreated, it can develop into malignant neoplasms.

Mastopathy - serious illness requiring medical supervision

Fibroadenoma and cyst in the chest with mastopathy. Similarities and differences of neoplasms

Mastopathy is the most insidious disease the female body, since it is sometimes difficult to identify the causes of its appearance. And the disease itself, up to a certain point, does not cause any inconvenience to the woman and proceeds latently.

The most common form of mastopathy is fibrocystic. It is this form of mastopathy that has many subspecies, which explains its insidiousness. Fibrocystic mastopathy does not contribute to the degeneration of existing neoplasms into malignant ones, but it affects the body in such a way that it can be the cause for the appearance of malignant neoplasms.

Cystic mastopathy or what is a cyst in the breast

A cyst is both a single and multiple formation located in the tissues of the mammary gland. The cyst in its structure resembles a small bladder filled with fluid of various etiologies. Most often, the presence of a cyst in the tissues does not make itself felt at lightning speed, the symptoms increase slowly, and the patient can notice the presence of pathology after a long period of time.

A disease in which cysts form in the ducts of the gland makes itself felt by changes in the reproductive and endocrine systems. And large-sized formations can change appearance chest (increasing the affected area of the chest).

The endocrine system of a woman suffers from mastopathy

Signs of a cyst

If there are small neoplasms in the mammary gland, then they reveal themselves only with deep diagnostics, since they do not give negative symptoms.

But if large neoplasms are noted, then their presence reveals itself as a symptomatology:

Availability pain syndrome. In the affected breast, enlarged neoplasms burst the tissues, which causes a sharp pain in the chest.
The appearance of burning in the chest. The presence of a large cyst in the mammary gland causes not only burning, but also pulling and bursting sensations in the localization area.
A large breast cyst necessarily affects the structural characteristics of the breast. Not only the vascular pattern changes, but the color of the skin also changes. Often in the affected chest there is heat and redness of individual areas caused by inflammation.
Deformation of the shape of the breast. The presence of a cyst in the tissues of the mammary glands can change its shape, since the neoplasm (with an increase in size) is accompanied by inflammation.
The appearance of a fever.

Deformation of the shape of the breast is one of the consequences of the cyst

Reasons for the appearance

Most often, the cause of failures in the work of all systems of the female body is hormonal imbalance. At the time of hormonal failure, the appendages provoke an increased production of estrogen. Such a release of estrogen into the blood leads to the growth of glandular or connective tissue, clogging the ducts of the mammary glands.

With fibrocystic mastopathy, a cyst is formed, but with nodal changes, large and dense strands appear.

Since most of the functions of the female reproductive system are regulated neurohumorally(with the help of psycho-emotional influence), then if the central nervous system malfunctions, a hormonal failure may occur in the body.

The following factors have a great influence on the formation and growth of cysts:

Excessive mental stress.
Stress.
Nervous tension of a constant nature.

But there are other factors that can affect the formation of cysts in the breast:

What are cysts in mastopathy?

Cysts in the tissues of the mammary glands are different and each of them has its own properties:

Atypical. Formed in the duct of the mammary gland, filled with a fatty component.
Fibrous cyst. Has a tendency to malignancy.
Solitary. The safest form of cyst, filled with a different liquid component.

and its properties

It is an elastic neoplasm, consisting of glandular tissue, is a form of nodular mastopathy. More common in solitary form.

Reasons for education

It is a benign and estrogen dependent neoplasm. With a violation in the production of estrogen (with its excess), it tends to grow rapidly.

Factors contributing to the appearance of breast fibroadenoma:

The period of puberty.
The period of pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Taking replacement drugs hormone therapy during the menopause.
Taking oral contraceptives.

In overweight patients, the risk of fibroadenoma increases several times.

Oral contraceptives contribute to the development of fibroadenoma

Types of neoplasms

According to the structure of tissues, the following types of fibroadenoma can be distinguished:

Intracanalicular. The tumor grows inside the lumen of the duct.
Pericanalicular. The neoplasm covers the area around the ducts.
mixed form.
Phylloid form. It has a loose layered structure, prone to malignancy.

discovered during pregnancy

This form of neoplasm does not interfere with the full bearing of pregnancy, but can complicate the process of lactation.

It is not uncommon for mastitis to appear against the background of duct obstruction by fibroadenoma, so treatment should be carried out at the stage of planning a child.

Similarities and differences in pathological tissues

Both of these forms of neoplasms are correlated with mastopathy by etiology. But there are a number of differences and similarities by which a neoplasm can be distinguished:

Fibroadenoma occurs mainly in young women

Methods for diagnosing mastopathy

Any diagnostic measures associated with the detection of mastopathymust be performed by a specialist. But this does not mean at all that a woman cannot check for the presence of the disease on her own. Since mastopathy manifests itself by the formation of seals of a different nature, the palpation method is appropriate for self-diagnosis. But before prescribing treatment for herself, a woman must confirm the diagnosis with a specialist.

After the study, the doctor prescribes an individual treatment.

Application of funds traditional medicine and self-appointment hormonal drugs without clarifying the diagnosis, it is fraught with the degeneration of tissues into malignant ones.

Methods for diagnosing neoplasms

It is possible to identify the presence of fibroadenoma, as well as medium-sized cysts, with the help of palpation. Nodular neoplasms of fibroadenomas are well palpated, as they have a solid structure. And medium-sized cysts cause structural changes in tissues, cause pain on palpation, are palpated as dense tubercles.

if the neoplasms are small, then to obtain accurate data, the specialist may need research data:

mammography.
biopsies.
MRI.

Only after collecting complete information about the nature of the neoplasm, the specialist can prescribe proper treatment which eliminates the risk of recurrence.

Mammography is a reliable method of diagnosing the disease

Treatment fibrocystic mastopathy

Many doctors argue about what treatment is best to take in the presence of mastopathy. Some are supporters of surgery to remove a single neoplasm (which then returns with greater strength, because the cause itself has not been eliminated), and some adhere to the tactics of observation (starting the disease, as a result, the woman is diagnosed with cancer and nothing can be done).

But the conclusion is obvious: the treatment of mastopathy should not be delayed or consist only in the removal of neoplasms, it is necessary to solve the problem in a comprehensive manner, eradicating the cause.

The use of conservative therapy gives good results in diffuse and fibrous form, but with nodular, only surgical intervention (sectoral resection) is indicated.

When applying each method of eliminating mastopathy, doctors proceed from the position that mastopathy is an estrogen-dependent disease. Therefore, all methods are aimed at normalizing the level of sex hormones in the blood and eliminating the causes that cause hormonal failure.

Treatment of cysts with mastopathy does not require surgical intervention, unlike fibroadenoma. Therefore, treatment must be carried out with complex measures, under the supervision of a specialist.

Sectoral resection is indicated for the nodular form of the disease

Normalization of liver function

Processing and splitting of female sex hormones occurs in the liver, therefore, for the normal functioning of the reproductive system, it is necessary to normalize its function.

Violation of the liver leads to the appearance of hormonal failure, which leads to the appearance of neoplasms of an estrogen-dependent nature. Such neoplasms include both benign fibroadenoma tumors and cysts of the mammary glands.

Treatment of mastopathy should begin with the normalization of liver function, and the application of only the rules healthy eating is indispensable here. Quitting smoking, alcohol and eating fatty foods must be supplemented with drugs from the group of hepatoprotectors.

Hepatoprotectors improve homeostasis and restore regenerative processes in the liver. To such medicines should be attributed: Nirocil, Liver Caps.

Livomap is used to restore the liver

Means of restoration of the central nervous system

Not only the ovaries are responsible for the production of female sex hormones, most of the regulatory processes are carried out in the hypothalamus and the cerebral cortex. Therefore, frequent stressful conditions affect not only the reproductive function of a woman, but also the hormonal balance. Which, in turn, causes disbanas in the work of various body systems and the appearance of neoplasms in the mammary gland.

Treatment with drugs that have a sedative effect has a negative effect on neoplasms with mastopathy, depriving them of hormone nutrition. The hormonal background returns to normal, and the normalization of estrogen levels reduces the growth of pathological tissues.

In addition to the use of sedatives medications(Tru Calm, Melatonin), the doctor may recommend that the patient use sedatives folk remedies: tincture of valerian, lemon balm or tea from mint leaves.

Soberex calms the nervous system

Antioxidants and immunomodulators

Antioxidant preparations can inhibit the action free radicals helping in the treatment of mastopathy. These antioxidants include both vitamins and trace elements. Antioxidants of general action have a beneficial effect on the entire reproductive system of a woman, increasing the body's resistance.

Women with any form of mastopathy need to take vitamin complexes that allow the hormonal background to return to normal. By reducing the level of estrogen and prolactin in the blood, vitamin complexes help reduce the risk of tissue degeneration into malignant ones.

To such vitamin complexes drugs can be attributed under the trade names: Long Life, MultiVit Care, Superantioxidant.

Immunomodulators help the body fight the disease from the inside, increasing cell resistance and improving tissue trophism.

Phytohormones

Preparations of the phytohormone group are natural analogues of female sex hormones that have hormone-like properties for the body.

Preparations of the phytoestrogens group do not cause side effects when they are used, as they have a less powerful effect compared to hormone replacement therapy drugs. But the effect of their application is obvious.

The use of natural progesterone substitutes helps to normalize the production of estrogen, reducing the manifestation of mastopathy.

Medicinal plants and vitamins that will help normalize estrogen production:

Wild yam.
Vitamin E.
Chinese Angelica.
Asparagus and soy products.
Black cohosh racemose.

But despite the fact that these drugs show their natural origin, they must be taken under the supervision of a specialist.

The environment and ecology adversely affect the health of a modern woman. Diseases such as a cyst or fibroadenoma of the breast cause significant discomfort, introducing new problems into everyday life. Diseases are usually referred to by one term - fibrocystic mastopathy. Being pathological conditions, they carry a serious danger to a woman's health. Cyst and fibroadenoma have some similarities and differences, their types and features of manifestation.

A cyst is a specific pathological area that has its own structure and size. Education is different from fibroadenoma. It is one of the manifestations of fibrocystic disease. Occurs in young women at the age of 35 years.

Cystic neoplasms appear as single, group lesions, can proceed painlessly, or cause severe pain. The manifestations of this disease depend on the dynamics of cyst growth. As it develops, it begins to create painful growths, compress surrounding tissues, and cause discomfort.

The cyst can be of the following types:

True.
False.
Acquired.
congenital.
Single chamber.
Multichamber.
Solid.
soft.

True neoplasms have a dense epithelium. It is absent in false cysts.

The reason for the appearance of these neoplasms is a violation of physiologically normal processes in the mammary gland. There are problems with the natural outflow of secretion due to blockage of the duct, squeezing it with scars or neoplasms.

Gradually accumulating, thickening, the secretory fluid stretches the affected duct, the glandular lobule of the mammary gland. A cavity is formed with liquid contents (pus, fats). The cyst is constantly growing, increasing in size and pain to a critical level.

According to rounded smooth contours, it is called a retention cyst. The place of localization is the upper region of the mammary glands. The structure is single-chamber, it reaches 10 cm in height. Multi-chamber neoplasms are quite rare (only 7-12%). They can protrude, modify the shape, contours of the mammary glands.

Feelings of pain and discomfort may be absent for a long time (as long as the cyst is small). But, unlike fibroadenoma, it is visible, even at small sizes. You can detect the formation in time and restore your breasts to their former beauty.

Simultaneous diagnosis of neoplasms in 2 female breasts is quite rare case. Resorption of a cyst that has grown in diameter more than a centimeter occurs infrequently. Observation, surgical intervention of varying degrees is required.

Hard and soft cysts (ratio to each other 70% and 30%) are classified according to the pressure in the milk ducts. When the cyst is mobile, differs in insignificant hardness, it becomes similar to a fibroadenoma.

Diagnosis of a neoplasm in the mammary gland

Diagnostic methods used:

puncture;
taking an aspirate for a biopsy.

In the absence of epithelial cells in the aspirate analysis, the cyst is considered normal. The dark appearance of blood will tell about the presence of papilloma. Turbid flaky liquid - the process of inflammation in the mammary gland.

Cyst treatment

Methods for effective treatment:

Sectoral resection and additional studies.
Aspiration of the cyst and the use of special glue or ethyl alcohol to heal the lumen obtained after its removal.

The use of special types of glue is most effective.

Fibroadenoma in the breast

Fibroadenoma refers to fibrocystic disease mammary gland, to a variety of mastopathy. It has a specific property - it is localized, develops exclusively in the mammary glands. It differs from a cyst in that it is a benign tumor in the form of a small dense ball. It easily, painlessly rolls when probing.

Fibroadenoma is asymptomatic. It is discovered randomly either by the woman herself or during a physical examination.

The study of punctate does not always reveal fibroadenoma. The disease affects young girls. There were cases when the pathology was detected in adolescents.

Visually resembles a knot with round, distinct outlines, poorly visible due to the connective tissue capsule. When growing, it captures areas of healthy, intact tissue. Using palpation, you can feel the density of the tumor. In the context it has a grayish tint.

Milk lobules with fibroadenoma are deformed, change in shape and size. In this case, the risk of more serious problems - cancerous tumors - is quite likely. The degeneration of tissues into malignant ones occurs due to the epithelium of the mammary gland damaged by fibroids. fibrous formations ( benign tumor) - a kind of protection from the body.

Types of fibroadenoma

Fibroadenoma is divided into 3 types:

pericanal (circular growth of connective tissue in the milk ducts, the lumen does not change);
intracanal (the epithelium begins to grow, fill the space inside the duct, narrowing it to a gap);
mixed (observed most often).

According to statistics, a large number of fibroadenomas on both mammary glands is observed in 15-20% of cases. External examination, x-ray reveals the presence of large neoplasms in hardly 4 of the patients. Basically, fibroadenomas are so small, insignificant, they do not cause any discomfort. They are not found either on their own or when examined by a specialist.

An important symptom is a neoplasm, a deformity of the mammary gland. Flowing without pain, fibroadenoma is accompanied by a number of emotional reactions, psycho-emotional disorders.

Fibroadenoma can be identified by a specific feature that is unique to it. A smooth round neoplasm is palpable, resembling a ball or knot, without pain, easily rolled under the skin of the chest.

Fibroadenoma treatment

Depending on the neglect and characteristics of the neoplasms, treatment occurs in 2 ways:

Surgical intervention (sectoral resection is used).
Tumor scraping method (in the absence of oncology).

How to distinguish a cyst from a fibroadenoma

The specialist will notice the difference between these two types of diseases. They belong, in fact, to one pathology - fibrocystic mastopathy. They can be described as stages of a single process, which is accompanied by its own symptoms. The cyst can develop into a fibroadenoma.

The main differences between cysts and fibroadenomas:

by age. Fibroadenoma occurs in young people, the cyst appears after 35 years before the onset of menopause;
in terms of quality characteristics. The cyst appears as a cavity created by the epithelium filled with fluid. Fibroadenoma occurs as a glandular benign tumor;
according to the severity of pain. Usually 100% pain is excluded with fibroadenoma. The cyst is accompanied by pain in the process of its increase in size;
for other manifestations. The cyst develops in the form of a capsule, and the fibroadenoma resembles a ball or a well-palpable mobile dense nodule;
by the content of hormones in the blood. The cyst is weakly tied to problems in the hormonal background, its occurrence is due to other factors. Fibroadenoma is just a consequence of the occurrence of hormonal disorders;
according to the content of paragraph. It is sometimes difficult to obtain an aspirate for fibroadenoma. But with a cyst, puncture is the main diagnostic tool;
on the risk of degeneration into oncology. According to observations, cysts never complete their development in the form of a malignant tumor. Fibroadenoma can develop into a malignant formation;
on treatment tactics. The cyst can be treated with minimal surgical interventions - puncture, drainage, complete excision (by "gluing the gaps"). Fibroadenoma is either scraped or removed by sectoral resection.

conclusions

Cyst and fibroadenoma are different forms of the same disease - fibrocystic mastopathy. These neoplasms have significant differences from each other. Self-medication for fibrocystic form of mastopathy is unacceptable, it can lead to serious complications.

Breast cyst is a neoplasm, which is a cavity with walls and fluid. This type of neoplasm is considered a manifestation.

In most cases, a breast cyst occurs in a single instance, but sometimes women are also diagnosed with polycystic disease.

Such formations develop painlessly, but in the later stages of the disease, when the cyst reaches a large size, a woman may complain of soreness.

The size of the formations and its contents can be different and depend on the cause, location and age.

Cysts quite often form when there is a blockage of the milk ducts. The reason for this may be the accumulated and thickened secret or stones of microscopic size.

Also, the process of their formation can be caused by compression of the duct by another neoplasm or scars.

In this case, the secret of the mammary gland accumulates in the duct or breast lobule itself and stretches them, forming a cyst cavity.

breast cyst

What is a fibroadenoma?

Fibroadenoma is a tumor formation that most often affects women aged 16 to 28 years. Outwardly, it resembles a kind of rounded knot with clearly defined boundaries. This type of tumor can grow due to the capture of healthy tissues.

The disease is divided into pericanal and intracanal varieties. In the pericanal form, the connective tissue grows around the circumference, the width of the milk ducts most often remains unchanged. And the intracal view of such a tumor leads to the fact that the milk ducts become narrow.

IMPORTANT! During palpation examination, such a tumor is felt as a dense formation that easily moves when pressed. If such a problem is found in herself, a woman should immediately go to an appointment with a mammologist.

In addition, some patients are diagnosed with multiple fibroadenomas that affect two breasts at once.

Fibroadenoma of the breast

What tumors does it belong to?

This question worries every woman who has been diagnosed with this. Fibroadenoma, fortunately, is a benign formation. But there are cases when it can turn into a malignant form.

It occurs in 5-7% of patients. The possibility that such a problem will turn into an oncological disease increases if such a neoplasm has a complex structure or if the patient is diagnosed with multiple breast tumors of this type.

Attention! If the tumor has any signs of the appearance of oncological cells, then it must be removed.

What is the difference between one neoplasm and another?

Women are very often interested in what is the difference between fibroadenoma and breast cyst? We will try to answer this question in detail.

So, the main difference between fibroadenoma and cyst is as follows:

Both fibroadenoma and breast cyst are neoplasms that affect the milk ducts and other areas of the breast. Therefore, many women do not see a difference in them and consider them similar diseases. It will be useful to understand what are the main differences between these two diagnoses.
These neoplasms in the chest area, belonging to such a concept as mastopathy, have different qualitative characteristics. The cyst is a cavity consisting of epithelium and filled with fluid. A fibrous adenoma of the breast is a glandular tumor of a benign nature.
Also, a cystic neoplasm of the breast most often affects women over the age of 30 years. A fibroadenoma of the gland, in most cases, occurs in the fairer sex, whose age is in the range from 20 to 35 years.
In addition, these formations have different manifestations. The cyst of the mammary glands appears as a capsule with liquid contents, which can be a secret, pus or mucus. A fibrous adenoma looks like a dense nodule that is mobile.
Also, these two concepts differ in the percentage of malignant degeneration. If fibroadenomas can turn into cancer in about 5% of cases, then the cyst almost never turns into a malignant form.
Another difference is that these two types of formations in the female breast are somewhat different in the treatment process. A cyst is more likely than a fibroadenoma to be treated conservatively. The surgical process is also different.
The cyst is most often disposed of by puncture, drainage, or complete excision. And surgical intervention for fibroadenoma takes place in the form of curettage or sectoral resection.

Fibroadenoma among benign neoplasms of the mammary glands is diagnosed most often (95% of cases). The disease can occur in women of different ages. It is believed that in young girls, the formation of a tumor occurs as a result of the pathological development of the glandular cells of the mammary gland. In women who are in the menopause period, the onset of the disease is due to hormonal imbalance. However, the exact cause of tumor formation and growth is unknown.

In a special group, breast fibroadenomas can be distinguished in pregnant and lactating women. They are called lactating; at this stage, as a rule, they do not have a negative impact. However, during pregnancy, there may be an increased growth of education.

Tumors can be single and multiple; one- and two-sided. The size of the node is usually about 2-4 cm. Fibroadenoma is a dense rounded formation with a predominant amount of fibrous tissue, which has a capsule and is not associated with adjacent tissues.

In a separate form allocate foliar fibroadenoma. It has uneven contours and a heterogeneous structure; can transform into a malignant tumor, in contrast to the formations described above.

Clinical manifestations

Clinically, the disease is manifested by moderate pain and the presence of a palpable formation in the tissues of the gland. It is often relatively mobile, has clear boundaries and densely elastic consistency. However, it should be said that with small sizes and in the case of massive mammary glands, palpation does not always reveal the presence of the disease. In these cases, the incidental discovery of a tumor during ultrasound may be the only screening diagnostic method.

Ultrasound scanning visualizes rounded, regular-shaped masses, often with a hypoechoic central zone. The fabric of increased density is located on the periphery. With large tumors, their shape may become irregular. In all cases, the capsule can be clearly identified.

With a long course, certain changes occur in the structure: a more pronounced hyperechoic rim, a heterogeneous internal structure, the presence of calcifications.

Differential diagnosis with ultrasound should be carried out with malignant tumors, breast cysts and cystoadenopapillomas. In all cases of detection of pathology, an x-ray examination (mammography) is indicated. At the same time, there are no clear radiographic criteria for distinguishing fibroadenoma from breast cysts.

If the doctor has some doubts about the correctness of the diagnosis, then an ultrasound-guided biopsy should be performed, followed by cytological examination. This method allows you to make an absolutely accurate diagnosis. In a number of situations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the mammary glands is performed.

Treatment

Treatment of breast fibroadenomas is surgical. The current indications for removal are as follows:

rapid growth of the tumor (increase in size and volume by two or more times in the last 3 months);
large size of the formation, leading to deformation of the mammary gland and severe pain syndrome;
the inability to accurately exclude the presence of a malignant tumor process; with onco-alertness, especially in persons with a burdened history;
foliar fibroadenoma.

Removal of the tumor occurs under local anesthesia or anesthesia by exfoliating the formation - enucleation. This type of operation is indicated for young women in the absence of suspicion of a cancerous process. More often, a sectoral resection of the mammary gland is performed along with fibroadenoma. In this case, the removal of the tumor occurs together with healthy tissues within the anatomical and topographic unit - the sector.

During the operation, immediately after the removal of the tumor, it is recommended to perform an express histological examination in order to exclude a malignant process and determine tactics surgical treatment. The prognosis is favorable, but it should be said that after removal, relapses are possible.

Despite the fact that both of these pathologies are usually called one general term - fibrocystic mastopathy, they have a number of similarities and differences.

Knowing them is necessary for an accurate diagnosis and the choice of optimal therapy.

A cystic mass is a cavity filled with fluid.

A breast cyst is usually diagnosed in a single instance; it is extremely rare for a woman to be diagnosed with several such neoplasms at once.

The essence of the cyst

There are several types of breast cysts:

Atypical. This variety is a benign formation with growths that grow into the inside of the cavity.
Fibrous. In oncology, this type occupies one of the central places, since the development of breast cancer in most cases is associated with this neoplasm.
Solitary. The formation of a cyst of this type does not pose absolutely no danger to the patient, but this does not mean that it does not need to be treated.
ductal. The cyst in this case is the presence of small growths in the mammary gland. Pathology is benign in nature, but refers to a precancerous condition.
Multi-chamber. This cystic formation develops from a single cyst. Following the first, next to it, new tumors arise, which after a while begin to increase in size, and then merge into one conglomerate. Pathology is quite dangerous, as it can develop into malignant tumor.

What is fibroadenoma

Fibroadenoma is a benign tumor formed from connective tissue cells that occurs in young women.

Outwardly, it resembles a small dense rounded nodule with a clearly defined border. When palpated, the nodule can easily move from one place to another.

The mobility of education is a consequence of the fact that it is not connected to each other by any tissues surrounding it.

Often, fibroadenoma of both mammary glands is diagnosed at once..

Despite the fact that this is a benign formation, in some cases there is a risk of the transition of pathology into a malignant tumor.

This happens if a woman has not one, but many fibroadenomas of this type.

What are the differences?

Fibroadenoma and breast cyst differ from each other in such signs:

A cyst is a cavity filled with fluid, and a fibroadenoma is a glandular benign formation.
Fibroadenoma develops due to hormonal disorders, and a cyst forms for other reasons that have nothing to do with hormones.
The development of the cyst occurs in the form of a capsule. A fibroadenoma is a small, firm nodule that can move from place to place on palpation.
Another characteristic difference is the absence of punctate during diagnosis. So, during puncture, a serous formation of a liquid consistency is released from the cyst, while nothing of the kind is observed with fibroadenoma.

General similarities

The similarities are as follows:

One of characteristic features The similarity of both pathologies is that both fibroadenoma and breast cyst develop without pain in the initial stages.
Both cyst and fibroadenoma have smooth, spherical and soft outlines that thicken and deform as pathologies develop.
In most cases, the focus of both pathologies is localized in the upper square of the mammary gland.

How to distinguish a cyst from a fibroadenoma?

There are several significant differences between breast cysts and fibroadenoma. The main ones are:

age criterion. A breast cyst develops in women after 35 years, closer to the onset of menopause, while fibroadenoma affects a younger body - women 20-30 years old.
The severity of the pain syndrome. Fibroadenoma in most cases is painless. A breast cyst, on the contrary, is accompanied by pain sensations that increase as the formation grows.
The risk of transition to oncology. With fibroadenoma, there is a risk of degeneration of the formation into a malignant tumor. The cyst never degenerates into a malignant neoplasm.

Cyst symptoms

A small cyst actually never causes any discomfort to the patient, so it can be discovered quite by accident during a routine examination.

As the cystic formation begins to increase in size, signs characteristic of this disease appear:

There are strong pains in the chest. The pain may be excruciating. In addition, the patient may experience a burning sensation in the chest.
An increase in the size of the formation is fraught with a strong deformation of the size of the mammary gland.
During the growth of the cyst, an inflammatory process occurs, and therefore, the patient may begin to have a fever, the body temperature rises, the patient is thrown either into heat or into cold.
The color of the skin changes at the site of localization of the cystic formation - the skin acquires a red tint, in some cases cyanosis appears.

Fibroadenoma Symptoms

Fibroadenoma is characterized by the following symptoms:

On the initial stage fibroadenoma is a small spherical seal that does not cause any physical discomfort to a woman. Before the onset of menstruation, the formation may increase slightly in size.
At a later stage of the pathology, a woman can feel for a nodule herself, due to the fact that it somewhat increases in size and becomes denser, while acquiring a clear and expressive contour, the surface of the formation is usually always smooth to the touch.
At the advanced stage of the development of pathology, pronounced symptoms are usually observed. In particular, skin covering deformed, severe pain appears, The lymph nodes may increase in size, and discharge from the nipples is also observed. All this suggests that the patient began to have serious complications of the pathology, which may be fraught with the fact that fibroadenoma from a benign formation will develop into a malignant tumor.

Methods for the treatment of diseases

The tactics of treatment of both pathologies differ from each other. Which of the methods of treatment can be chosen only by the doctor, based on the type of pathology.

So a breast cyst can be treated with conservative methods of therapy, that is, puncture or gluing the resulting lumen.

During the puncture, the contents of the cyst are removed with a syringe and needle, then sent for histological examination.

If cancer cells are not detected, then ozone or alcohol is injected into the resulting cavity, due to which the wound is completely disinfected and heals.

If, after the study, cancer cells are found, then a mastectomy is performed, that is, surgery to remove the cyst.

NOTE!

Breast fibroadenoma is treated only through surgery, in which the formation is completely removed.

The development of cysts and fibroadenomas of the mammary gland can be fraught with dangerous consequences that can significantly worsen the patient's life condition, therefore it is very important not to self-medicate, but to consult a specialist if any formations in the breast are found.

Useful video

From the video you will learn about the breast cyst:

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