Doxycycline - instructions for use and composition, indications, dosage, form of release and price. Directions for use and dosage of doxycycline Doxycycline 100 mg instructions for use

Doxycycline belongs to a group of antibiotics that are part of the tetracycline category. The spectrum of action of this semi-synthetic drug is quite wide due to the bacteriostatic property. Taking the antibiotic Doxycycline blocks the reproduction of microbes in the body by disrupting the synthesis of proteins in the cell of the microorganism.

The relevance of the use of the drug is observed in infectious lesions of soft tissues and bones, the genitourinary system, esophagus, respiratory system and skin.

The composition of the drug

The drug is produced in yellow capsules in the form of cylinders with semicircular ends. The composition of Doxycycline is represented by a yellow powder with white elements. The mass in the capsule may be parts compacted and look like a tablet or column. If you use a glass rod to break this mold, it will crumble.

Doxycycline 100 mg acts as the active substance. Additional ingredients include potato starch, lactose monohydrate, and calcium stearate. In the manufacture of a hard gelatin capsule, orange and quinoline yellow dye, sodium lauryl sulfate, titanium dioxide, pure water, as well as a thickener and glycerin are used.

Pharmacodynamics

The spectrum of action of the drug on microbes is very wide.

Inhibition of the production of proteins in the microbial cell occurs, the connection between the 30S subunit of the ribosomal membrane and the transport aminoacyl-RNA is broken.

There is also a bacteriostatic effect.

Certain Gram-positive organisms are highly sensitive to Doxycycline. First of all, these are staphylococci, streptococci, listeria, anthrax pathogens, clostridia, actinomycetes.

Also, the drug adversely affects gram-negative microorganisms and intracellular pathogenic organisms. In relation to Haemophilus influenzae and granulocytic ehrlichiosis, the highest activity of the drug is observed.

The drug in question is not as effective, but still effective against Escherichia coli. Compared to other tetracycline antibiotics, this one acts more and is better absorbed. It has higher antibacterial activity.

High efficiency is observed in the treatment of acute mycoplasmal bronchitis and pneumonia. If there are no concomitant diseases, the drug can be used in patients under 65 years of age. Speaking of elderly patients, the remedy effectively treats urinary infections and acute prostatitis. Treatment of malaria is successful when combined with quinine.

Resistance to doxycycline is shown by viral and fungal infections, most bacteroids fragilis, serrations, proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pharmacokinetic properties

Oral administration provides almost one hundred percent absorption. Absorption is not affected by food intake, however, the use of the drug before or during meals ensures that there are no side effects. Dissolution in lipids occurs unhindered.

There is 80-95% connection with plasma proteins. A plasma concentration of 2.6 μg / ml is observed two hours after ingestion, and a concentration of 1.45 μg / ml a day later.

The active substance successfully penetrates into almost all tissues and organs of the body, the only obstacle is the blood-brain barrier. The drug may be detected in small amounts or not at all if there are intact meninges in the cerebrospinal fluid. Determination in breast milk is guaranteed, as in the body of the fetus, since the substance penetrates the placental barrier. The distribution is based on 0.7 liters per kilogram of weight.

About 30-60% is excreted by the liver, after 16 hours, the half-life of the drug occurs on average. The likelihood of cumulation increases with repeated admission. The drug contributes to the accumulation in the teeth and bones of complexes with Ca2 +, which do not dissolve. Also, the following pharmacokinetic properties are characteristic of this drug:

Excretion with feces in the amount of 20-60%;
Exposure to enterohepatic circulation;
Secreted by bile;
Within 72 hours, 40% is excreted by the kidneys;
The half-life from blood serum occurs almost to the same extent, regardless of the presence of renal pathology;
The half-life of the blood serum does not change after hemodialysis.

Indications for use

Among the indications for the use of doxycycline, the priority are infectious pathologies that were provoked by pathogens sensitive to doxycycline. This group of pathologies includes the following infections:

Relapsing fever of the epidemiological type (provocateur - relapsing-type borrelia);
Non-gonococcal urethritis (provoker - T-mycoplasma);
Rectal, endocervical and urethral infections without complications (provocateur - chlamydia);
Monotherapy is relevant for conjunctivitis with discharge, combination with local drugs is allowed;
Trachoma is not eliminated in all patients, but treatment in some cases helps;
Psittacosis (provocateur - Chlamydiapsittaci);
Lymphogranulomatosis;
Respiratory infections (provocateur - mycoplasma);
Tick-borne or spotted fever, typhoid, Q fever.

Infectious pathologies caused by gram-negative microorganisms are also weak in front of Doxycycline. Doxycycline is effective for prostatitis, since after half an hour, on average, the required concentration of the active substance in the prostate gland is reached. Not every antibiotic demonstrates such a good interaction with blood proteins. The course of treatment in this case is focused on the standard daily dosage - 2 tablets per day. If there are no complications, a week will be enough.

Some infections caused by gram-negative microorganisms may be resistant to this drug, so culture is recommended before starting therapy to determine their sensitivity to tetracyclines.

Among the treatable infections caused by gram-positive organisms, anthrax and infections of the upper respiratory tract.

The drug in question may act as an alternative to penicillin when the latter is contraindicated.

Doxycycline can successfully complement amebicidal agents in the treatment of acute intestinal amoebiasis or be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of severe acne. Among the indications is also the prevention of malaria.

Contraindications

An obstacle to taking the remedy in question are the following categorical contraindications:

Leukopenia and porphyria;
Malabsorption;
Intolerance to lactose or the main component;
Deficiency of lactase.

Severe liver failure is also a reason to refuse Doxycycline or reduce the daily dose, otherwise there is a high probability of a hepatotoxic effect.

Treatment with this drug is contraindicated in children under 12 years of age or weighing less than 45 kg.

Instructions for use

When compared with most antibiotics of the tetracycline group, the instructions for using Doxycycline are somewhat different in terms of frequency of use and dosage. Frequency of occurrence adverse reactions directly depends on the level of excess of the dosage established by the manufacturer. if the febrile symptoms have disappeared, the drug still needs to be taken within two days.

Ten-day therapy is mandatory in the treatment of streptococcal infections, otherwise there is a possibility of developing glomerulonephritis or rheumatic fever. The standard dosage for the first day of treatment for an adult patient is 200 mg in one or two doses, then a maintenance dosage of 100 mg (single or double use per day) becomes relevant.

If the course of the disease is severe or chronic, the entire course of therapy should involve compliance with a dosage of 200 mg per day. For each pathology, the dosage of Doxycycline will be different.

Application features

To avoid irritation of the digestive tract, the medicine should be washed down with plenty of liquid, within reason. With an irritated esophagus, it is better to drink the capsules with milk or take them with meals.

Due to the safety of the drug, dose adjustments in elderly patients do not occur, as in impaired renal function, since excessive accumulation of the active substance in the kidneys does not occur. Liver failure, in turn, is a reason for adjusting the dose or taking the drug more carefully.

Side effects

In case of an overdose, the side effects of Doxycycline are represented by neurotoxic reactions, especially if the liver is impaired. It can be an increase in pressure, convulsions and vomiting, nausea and dizziness. Pathological symptoms can be eliminated by discontinuing the drug and using activated carbon for gastric lavage.

Prevention of the absorption of the active substance involves the intake of magnesium sulfate and antacids. The lack of effectiveness of peritoneal and hemodialysis explains the fact that there is no special antidote for such cases. If you stick to the dosage, the likelihood of side effects of Doxycycline is not so high.

Organs and systems of the body	Side effects
hearing organs	Noise in ears.
Nervous system	Unsteadiness, dizziness, headaches, nausea and loss of appetite.
circulatory system	Porphyrin disease, agranulocytosis, lack of platelets, eosinophilia.
Digestive system	Enterocolitis, gastric ulcer, inflammation of the esophagus, dysphagia, glossitis, problems with bowel movements, vomiting and nausea.
The cardiovascular system	Hypotension, pericarditis, edema, tachycardia.
Allergy	Stevens-Johnson syndrome, lupus erythematosus, angioedema, anaphylactoid reactions, anaphylactic shock, hyperemia, itching and rash.

Among other side symptoms, it is worth highlighting hot flashes and dysbacteriosis, inflammation in the genital area, serum sickness, myalgia and arthralgia, exfoliative dermatitis, discoloration of teeth, candidiasis.

Relative contraindications and precautions

Like all drugs from the category of antibiotics, Doxycycline has its own characteristics of use, which should be followed in order to avoid the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Insolation for the period of therapy and for 5 days after should be limited, otherwise increased sensitivity to light may develop. To prevent such a negative effect, avoid artificial UV radiation and stay in direct sunlight. The formation of erythema on the skin is the main reason for discontinuation of therapy with this drug.
In the treatment of syphilis, it is worthwhile to regularly conduct a serological analysis for 4 months, since this medicine can mask syphilitic symptoms. Worth going extra diagnostic examination, including dark field microscopy in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases that may be accompanied by syphilis.
Be sure to check the status circulatory system and liver function, if the course of treatment is long.
Experimental studies have revealed the toxic effects of Doxycycline on the fetus. First of all, we are talking about a delay in the development of the skeleton due to the blocking of enzymes that accelerate the breakdown of proteoglycans and collagen.
The use of the fluorescent method may give a distorted result, since an increase in the amount of catecholamines in the urine may be falsely elevated.
During normal kidney function, the drug is excreted by this organ within 3 days in an amount of 40% on average, however, with a creatinine clearance of less than 10 ml per minute, which indicates severe renal failure, the excretion of the drug over the same period may decrease to 1-5 %.
Parenteral or oral administration of tetracycline antibiotics does not affect the deterioration of the liver, if it is healthy.
When taking hepatotoxic drugs against the background of liver dysfunction, Doxycycline should be used with caution.
Almost all antibiotics, and Doxycycline is no exception, can provoke pseudomembranous colitis, the severity of which can be from minor to critical. The likelihood of such a diagnosis should not be overlooked if the patient complains of diarrhea after taking antibacterial drugs.
In extremely rare cases there is a possibility of developing porphyria.
The maximum therapeutic dose can provoke an increase in pressure, but the abolition of the drug allows you to bring the indicators back to normal.
The most common form of release of Doxycycline is tablets and capsules, they in some cases provoke the formation of esophageal ulcers and explain cases of esophagitis. Most often, the cause of this pathology lies in the lack of fluid intake with the medicine or taking it immediately before bedtime.
Systemic lupus erythematosus may be exacerbated by the use of tetracycline medications.
The duration of the course of therapy should be at least 10 days in the treatment of infections associated with beta-hemolytic streptococci.
In order to prevent fatal neurotoxicity, it is worth refusing to co-administer Doxycycline with Methoxyflurane.
The presence of myasthenia gravis in a patient is the reason for dose adjustments, otherwise mild neuromuscular blockade may occur.
The likelihood of an allergic reaction is due to the presence of a yellow dye of orange and quinoline shades in the composition.
During therapy with the medication in question, it is worth limiting yourself to activities that require a quick motor and mental reaction, as well as heightened attention.

Taking during pregnancy

It is forbidden to take the medicine during gestation, otherwise disorders such as fatty liver, inhibition of skeletal development and disruption of the normal development of the teeth may occur. Similarly, the medication is prohibited during lactation.

If therapy is necessary, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Reception by children

Doctors are ambivalent about the use of the medication in question in pediatric practice, since the active component of the drug is able to slow down the longitudinal development of the bones of the skeleton, tooth enamel develops worse, teeth become gray-brown or yellow for a long time.

However, there are a number of factors in favor of Doxycycline, due to which its use in the treatment of children is being reconsidered.

The statistics of cases when adolescents are exposed to chlamydia are increasing.
Cases of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia are also being reported with increasing frequency.
Doxycycline is the drug of first choice in the treatment of tick bite infections. The incidence of infections of this kind has increased significantly.
Cosmetic discoloration of the teeth is not as serious a side effect as most negative symptoms after taking alternative antibiotics.
The drug in question is considered the most effective in certain infectious pathologies.
The use of doxycycline in pediatric practice has become more common following the bioterrorism cases in Canada and the United States. In some cases, it has become appropriate to use it at preschool age.

The duration of therapy directly affects the degree of damage to tooth enamel. An additional factor of influence is the activity of calcification during the period of therapy, as well as the number of courses. When compared with other tetracyclines, it is Doxycycline that binds to calcium to the least extent, therefore, when using this medication, changes in tooth enamel are not so pronounced.

Saturation of teeth with calcium occurs in the period from 4 months to 6 years, so after this period you can not worry about the occurrence of adverse reactions from the teeth, especially in the absence of repeated therapeutic courses and with a short initial course of treatment.

In some sources, the restrictive age for taking Doxycycline is 9 years, but even this age is indicated with a significant margin, since no one has canceled the probability of individual deviations.

There is also a deposition of the antibiotic in question in the bones, but the nature of such deformations is passing and the withdrawal of the drug contributes to the complete recovery of the body. Since doxycycline hydrochloride promotes the formation of ulcers in digestive organs, in pediatric practice, the monohydrate in the form of the drug Unidox Solutab is more welcome.

The drug is available in the form of tablets that can be dissolved, crushed or swallowed whole, which is very convenient when treating a child. Only Doxycycline in ampoules can be compared with this drug in terms of effectiveness.

As for children's dosages, the maximum daily dose is 200 mg., The intake must be double. It is better to drink the medicine not with ordinary water, but with natural fruit juices.

Interaction with other drugs

The drug interaction of the drug in question can be characterized as follows.

The drug in question contributes to the formation of hardly soluble complexes, if combined with magnesium-containing diuretics, sodium or iron bicarbonate preparations, as well as antacids with magnesium, calcium and aluminum salts.
Reception in combination with colestipol and cholestyramine impairs the absorption of doxycycline in the body.
The elimination half-life is accelerated by concomitant administration of rifampicin, phenytoin, carbamazepine and barbiturates.
Alcohol, on the contrary, slows down half-life.
Penicilli against the background of this drug become less effective.
Doxycycline reduces the reliability of contraceptives with estrogen in the composition. Against the background of the use of such methods of contraception, the likelihood of bleeding also increases.
The effectiveness of indirect anticoagulants is potentiated.

The simultaneous use of doxycycline and alcohol enhances the toxic effect, which is manifested by headaches and dizziness. A small interval between taking the medicine and alcohol will bring the same effect.

As for the effectiveness of the drug against the background of alcohol intoxication, in some cases there is an increase in the effectiveness of treatment, in others, on the contrary, a decrease.

The results are ambiguous and it is impossible to determine the reaction of the body in advance.

Since both alcohol and Doxycycline decompose in the liver, their simultaneous intake significantly increases the load on this organ, which can cause reactive hepatitis. Therefore, simultaneous administration is strictly prohibited and after completion of therapy, alcohol can be consumed only after 35 hours.

Smoking also affects the effectiveness of tetracycline antibiotic therapy, since cigarette smoke contains components that affect the liver and reduce the effectiveness of the drug.

The absorption of the active ingredient occurs more slowly and the therapeutic effect is not only less pronounced, but also comes with a delay.

With regular smoking, the dosage of the drug can be increased.

Drug analogues

Since the price of Doxycycline is very affordable, the need to search for analogues arises only if this antibiotic has not had the desired effect or causes undesirable side effects. The cost of Doxycycline is 20-30 rubles. average. Among the analogs of Doxycycline are the following drugs, the active substance of which is completely the same:

Doxa M.

Family doctor, nutritionist. Head of the branch in the medical network "Healthy Generation".

A synthetic derivative of the tetracycline series, the antibiotic Doxycycline is used according to the instructions for use in pulmonology, ophthalmology, gynecology, gastroenterology, proctology, and surgery. The extensive area of action of the drug is actively used in the treatment of diseases of infectious etiology in humans and animals.

Doxycycline tablets - instructions for use

The antibiotic has an overwhelming effect on: staphylo- and streptococci, anthrax, listeria, clostridium, shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, gonococci, whooping cough, pale treponema, rickettsiae. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of infectious lesions:

nose, larynx, tonsils, trachea, bronchi, lungs;
organs of hearing;
soft tissues;
joints;
stomach, intestines;
reproductive and urinary systems.

The active substance of the drug is absorbed from the stomach 40 minutes after ingestion and, binding to blood proteins, is distributed throughout the body. The antibiotic lasts 18-24 hours. Accumulates in osteocytes.

For the purpose of prevention, they are shown to those staying in the area where malarial plasmodium was found.

Note! You can not drink an antibiotic along with heartburn remedies, penicillin, food supplements with iron, calcium, magnesium. The milk protein casein binds and precipitates the antibiotic.

Tablets Dokiscycline 100 mg - instructions for use

Tablets with a dosage of 100 mg are produced under the names:

Unidox Solutab;
Doxycycline Nycomed;
Monoclin;
Xedocin;
Vibramycin.

According to the instructions for use, Unidox Solutab is taken 1-2 tablets with food for 5-10 days. The tablet can be washed down with a glass of water, dissolved in a glass of water and drunk or chewed. According to the instructions for use, Doxycycline monohydrate has a gentle effect on the gastric mucosa, without causing gastritis and ulcers.

Doxycycline Nycomed has an antimicrobial effect due to doxycycline hydrochloride in the composition. Tablets with doxycycline hydrochloride are used according to the instructions: 1-2 tablets per day during meals with plenty of water. The course of treatment is 5-10 days.

Doxycycline tablets - instructions for use for adults

The antibiotic is contraindicated in pregnant women, lactating. Carefully prescribed for diseases of the liver and kidneys. Increase the skin's receptivity to sunlight. Side effects are expressed in nausea, vomiting, skin rashes, stool disorders. Headaches, dizziness are observed. During the treatment period, you should refrain from driving. Women taking oral contraceptives need to take into account the decrease in the contraceptive effect of the antibiotic.

Doxycycline tablets - price

The cost of tablets under the name Unidox Solutab 100 mg / 10 pieces is 310-370 rubles. Reviews of soluble tablets speak of high efficiency and a convenient form of the drug.

Capsules Doxycycline - instructions for use

The drug Doxycycline is used according to the instructions in capsules that contain 100 mg of the active substance enclosed in a gelatin shell. The gelatin capsule is taken with a meal, washed down with a glass of water. Adults and children from 14 years of age are prescribed 2 capsules per day during acute inflammation. The maintenance dose is 1 capsule per day. Treatment lasts about 10 days. Children from 9 to 14 years old are shown:

with a weight of 45-50 kg - one capsule per day;
with a weight of over 50 kg - two capsules per day for an acute process and one for fixing positive dynamics.

When using an antibiotic, it is necessary to control the blood picture - the level of hemoglobin, the ability to coagulate, the content of residual nitrogen and urea.

Attention! During treatment with the drug, you should not drink alcohol and tobacco products.

Capsules Doxycycline 100 - instructions for use

Doksibene M;
Vibramycin;
doxycycline hydrochloride;
Dovicin.

The dose of the drug is determined individually. The maximum daily dose is 3-6 capsules of 100 mg. Usually prescribed 1-2 capsules per day. Do not take medicine with milk. Milk protein will reduce the effectiveness of the antibiotic.

Capsules Doxycycline - price

The cost of 10 capsules of Doxycycline 100 mg varies slightly depending on the manufacturer:

Synthesis AKOMP, Russia - 20 rubles;
Belmedpreparaty, Belarus — 27 rubles;
Ozone, Russia - 32 rubles.

The drug is dispensed from pharmacies by prescription.

Ointment Doxycycline - instructions for use

There is no ointment form of Doxycycline. Recommended for antiseptic treatment of wounds, burns, frostbite, trophic ulcers. The antibiotic chloramphenicol (levomycetin) and the healing agent methyluracil disinfect the lesion and stimulate tissue regeneration. Levomekol ointment is used in a thin layer under a bandage on a previously cleaned surface.

Ampoules Doxycycline - instructions for use

The antibiotic in ampoules contains a dry powder for solution preparation. There are ampoules with 100 mg and 200 mg of dioxycycline hydrochloride. Solution for intravenous administration prepare like this:

dilute the powder from the ampoule with water for injection or saline sodium chloride solution;
add the solution obtained in the ampoule to 250/500 ml of saline or 5% glucose solution.

The finished solution of the drug has a concentration of 0.1 mg / ml to 1 mg / ml. The route of administration of the antibiotic in solution is intravenous, through a dropper. The infusion rate is 1 drop per second.

Doxycycline injections - instructions for use

Dosycycline is not used intramuscularly. You can replace it with injections of another antibiotic Gentamicin for diseases of the respiratory system, urogenital and skin infections. Pregnant, lactating, children up to a month are not prescribed. Injections are made intramuscularly at 1-2 ml twice a day with a break of 12 hours.

Candles Doxycycline - instructions for use

Neither rectal nor vaginal suppositories with doxycycline are produced. Instead, it is proposed to use vaginal suppositories:

with nystatin - Terzhinan, Polygynax;
with acetarsol - Osarbon.

Rectal antimicrobial suppositories - Proctosedyl, Aurobin, Ichthyol, Vitaprost Plus. Candles are used 1-2 times a day after perineal hygiene.

Doxycycline in gynecology - instructions for use

In gynecological practice, Doxycycline is used according to the instructions orally in the form of tablets and capsules containing 100 mg of the active substance. Women are prescribed the drug for:

chlamydia;
inflammation of the mucous and muscular layer of the uterus, tubes and ovaries;
gonococcal disease.

Women during the period of gestation, the drug is not prescribed because of the negative effect on the bones and teeth of the unborn child. Breastfeeding women should stop breastfeeding when using an antibiotic.

The dose of the drug is 2 tablets / capsules during acute inflammation and 1 for maintenance therapy. At the risk of developing thrush, it is used in conjunction with nystatin. When taken together with oral contraceptives, it reduces their effectiveness.

Doxycycline for children - instructions for use

The antibiotic is indicated for children from 8-12 years old, if the child weighs 45 kg or more. If by the age of 8 the child's weight has not reached 45 kg, antibiotic treatment is postponed until the age of 12.

The daily dose for a child is 2-4 mg / kg. A child weighing 50 kg per day is allowed 100-200 mg of an antibiotic. This dose corresponds to 1-2 tablets per day.

Children under 8 years of age are not given the drug due to the negative effect on bones and teeth. The antibiotic accumulates in the bone tissue, penetrates into the dentin, changing the color of the teeth to gray-yellow. Anomalies in the formation of the skeleton and teeth are observed.

It is preferable for children to give Unidox Solutab tablets according to the instructions for use. It is necessary to take the drug with food, drinking water, but not milk. It is not recommended to combine the intake of dairy products (cottage cheese, cheese, milk, kefir) with Solutab tablets.

Lyme disease or borreliosis occurs when a person is bitten by an ixodid tick infected with borrelias. After a tick bite, you need to remove and deliver to the laboratory to identify the carriage of borreliosis. A positive analysis gives grounds for prescribing Doxycycline for borreliosis according to the instructions: 1 tablet / capsule 100 mg in the morning and evening with an interval of 12 hours. The course of treatment is 5 days.

Pregnant and lactating women, children under 8 years of age are not prescribed an antibiotic. Babies from a year to 8 years old with a tick bite are given a suspension of Azithromycin Sandoz at the rate of 10 mg / kg once a day. Treatment continues up to 5 days.

Doxycycline for acne - instructions for use

Pimples appear due to inflammation sebaceous glands And hair follicles. Doxycycline is highly soluble in fats, therefore it easily penetrates into the subcutaneous fat layer and ducts of the sebaceous glands. With extensive acne, the antibiotic produces a visible therapeutic effect. Drink 1 tablet/capsule 100 mg once a day with a meal, drinking water. The duration of continuous treatment is 5-7 days. Resumption of the course in consultation with a dermatologist.

Doxycycline - analogues - instructions for use, prices, reviews

Analogues of Doxycycline are antibiotics of the tetracycline series. Indications and contraindications for taking tetracyclines are similar. Comparative characteristics of drugs are presented in the table.

Rev.	Doxycycline	Tygacil	Minoleksin	Tetracycline
Act. in-in	doxycycline hydrochloride	Tigecycline	minocycline	Tetracycline
Release form	Tablets, capsules, powder for preparations. solution	Powder for preparations. solution	Capsules 50/100 mg	Tablets, ointment for external application 3%, eye ointment 1%
Note. we take.	Do not apply	Do not apply	Do not apply	Only ointment
Note. in children	From 8-12 years old	From 8-12 years old	From 8 years old	Ointment from birth, tablets from 8 years
Price	Capsules 100 mg/10 pcs for 15-25 rubles	Powders 50 mg / 10 pcs for 16,000-25,000 rubles	Capsules 100 mg/20 pcs for 930-960 rubles	Tablets 100 mg / 20 pcs for 50-55 rubles

According to doctors, Doxycycline is superior to analogues in terms of therapeutic effect.

Doxycycline is used for animals according to the instructions:

solution for intramuscular injection with 200 mg/ml doxycycline hyclate for pigs, cows, sheep, goats. Indicated for swine erysipelas, colibacillosis, foot rot, wound infection, chlamydia, salmonellosis;
solution for oral use is intended for pigs and poultry from respiratory and gastrointestinal infections;
100 mg tablets/capsules are given to cats, dogs, fur-bearing animals.

The antibiotic is contraindicated in pregnant women and lactating females, debilitated animals with liver and kidney failure.

Doxycycline for dogs - instructions for use

For dogs, Doxycycline 100 mg tablets / capsules are used for:

erlichiose;
bacterial inflammation of the bronchi, lungs, Bladder, genitals;
to prevent postoperative infection.

The bite of a brown dog tick leads to ehrlichiosis in dogs, an infectious disease with a severe clinic. The drug is administered orally at a dosage:

10 mg/kg once a day;
5 mg/kg twice a day with a break of 12 hours.

The duration of treatment is 5-7 days.
If diarrhea, nausea and vomiting occur, the dosage of the drug should be reduced and divided into two doses.
Contraindications for antibiotic use in dogs:

pregnant and lactating individuals;
severely weakened animals - treatment is carried out only after consultation with a veterinarian;
intolerance to tetracycline antibiotics;
sensitivity to excipients of the drug;
disturbances in the functioning of the kidneys and liver.

Doxycycline for chickens - instructions for use

For the treatment and prevention of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in chickens, a solution of Doxycycline with drinking water is used. Solution preparation:

Measure out 10 ml of drinking water (you can do this with a syringe).
Dissolve the contents of 1 capsule in water.
Store the prepared solution in the refrigerator.

Give 0.5-1 ml of medicine in the morning and evening after meals. Treatment continues for 5-7 days. At this time, sick individuals are planted separately.
For prevention infectious diseases in chickens, the dose of the drug is halved.

Note! During treatment and after another 7 days, eggs from these chickens should not be eaten.

Doxycycline - price

The cost of Doxycycline depends on the form of release of the drug. The most common in pharmacies of the Russian Federation are:

Unidox Solutab 100 mg at 300-350 rubles for 10 pieces;
Doxycycline 100 mg for 15-25 rubles for 10 pieces.

Content

Weakened by hard work and malnutrition, the body very often becomes a target for attacks by pathogenic microbes that can affect the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and even the eyes. A proven agent for the destruction of pathogens is Doxycycline, an antimicrobial drug from the category of tetracyclines. Before taking it is extremely important to read the instructions for use. Close attention should be paid to the sections of contraindications and special instructions.

Composition and form of release

The medicine is presented on the market in the form of yellow gelatin hard capsules. The capsules contain a yellow powder interspersed with white. The composition of the drug:

Pharmacological properties

Compared to other tetracycline antibiotics, Doxycycline is more completely absorbed and lasts longer. Unlike natural tetracyclines, it has a stronger effect on bacteria, has a higher efficiency, which occurs when treated with doses that are 10 times smaller. The drug has a rapid complete absorption. The absorption of the active components of the product is not affected by food intake. The drug reaches its maximum concentration after 2.5 hours, binds to plasma proteins by 87%.

It can be found in the tissues of the eyes, liver, gingival sulcus fluid, kidneys, bile, lungs, bones, spleen, teeth, prostate, synovial exudate. Only 15% of the dose penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid. The drug is metabolized in the liver by 45%, its half-life is up to 16 hours, and accumulates with repeated injections. The drug is excreted in the bile, intestines and kidneys. In case of impaired renal function or azotemia, the excretion route is gastrointestinal secretion.

Is Doxycycline an Antibiotic?

Instructions for use of Doxycycline (Doxycyclinum) contains information that this medication belongs to the group of semi-synthetic tetracyclines and bacteriostatic antibiotics. The active substance of the composition penetrates the cells and acts on the pathogens located there, causing their death from a lack of oxygen. The principle of action of the drug in the blood is associated with a violation of the connection of transport RNA with a subunit of the ribosomal membrane.

Listeria, actinomycetes, gram-negative Klebsiella, E. coli, shigella, bacteroids, treponema, chlamydia are sensitive to the drug. Doxycycline is active against plague, anthrax, tularemia microbes, cholera vibrio, brucella, legionella, rickettsia, clostridium. The antibiotic suppresses the vital activity of pathogens of trachoma, malaria, venereal granuloma, amoebic dysentery. The drug is powerless against fungi, proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Indications for use

The medication is prescribed for complex treatment with whooping cough, trachoma, sepsis, brucellosis, leptospirosis, ornithosis, peritonitis, granulocytic ehrlichiosis, osteomyelitis. Indications for taking the drug are the following pathological conditions:

infectious and inflammatory diseases occurring as a result of penetration into the body of pathogens sensitive to the drug (tracheitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, lung abscess, bronchitis, and others);
infection of ENT organs;
cholecystitis, cholangitis, gastroenterocolitis, dysentery;
infection of soft tissues and skin (wounds, abscesses, cellulitis, felons, furunculosis);
infection of the genitourinary system (urethritis, ureaplasma, endometritis, gonorrhea, pyelonephritis, urethrocystitis, prostatitis);
legionellosis;
eye infections;
cholera, malaria, dysentery, typhus;
Lyme disease;
tularemia;
prevention of postoperative toxic purulent complications and medical abortions;
for the purpose of prophylaxis before visiting the area infected with intracellular pathogens resistant to chloroquine and pyremethamine-sulfadoxine.

How to take Doxycycline

According to the instructions, the antibiotic Doxycycline in the form of tablets is taken orally:

For patients over 12 years of age with a body weight above 45 kg, the average daily dose is 200 mg on the first day (for 2 doses of 100) and 100 mg on subsequent days.
In chronic infections of the urinary system, 200 mg per day is prescribed throughout the entire period of treatment.
For the prevention or treatment of travelers' diarrhea, 200 mg is prescribed on the first day of the trip and 100 mg per day for the entire remaining time in the dangerous region, but not longer than three weeks in a row.
For the treatment of leptospirosis, 100 mg is prescribed twice a day for a weekly course, and for the prevention of the disease, 200 mg is prescribed once a week for the duration of your stay in a dangerous region and 200 at the end of the journey.
Treatment of malarial syndrome is carried out using 200 mg of the drug per day for a weekly course. At the same time, quinine or other schizontocidal drugs should be taken.
For the prevention of malaria, 100 mg once a day is prescribed for 1-2 days before the trip, then every day and within a month after returning home.

The maximum daily dose for adult patients is 300 per day or 600 mg per day, but not more than five days in a row. In case of liver failure, the dose of the drug is reduced in order to avoid the accumulation of the active component in the body and the development of hepatotoxicity. Parenteral use of the drug is also indicated in cases where oral administration it is difficult or necessary to create a high concentration of the antibiotic in the blood and tissues. The average daily adult dose of the drug is 200 mg once a day or 100 mg every 12 hours.

Intravenous administration lasts 3-5 days, if necessary, extended up to a week. Then patients are transferred to the use of tablets. For children older than 8 years, the dose is calculated as 4 mg / kg of body weight in 1-2 injections, then 2-4 mg / kg of body weight. It is necessary to dilute the Doxycycline lyophilisate for intravenous infusions in two stages:

The contents of the vial are mixed with 10 ml of sterile water or saline.
The resulting solution is mixed with 250-500 ml of one of the solutions: 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% dextrose (glucose).
Infusion is carried out for 1-4 hours at a rate of 70 drops per minute.

Doxycycline in gynecology

The drug Doxycycline (Doxycycline) is used to treat gynecological diseases:

To eliminate acute uncomplicated urethritis or chlamydia, 300 mg is prescribed for the first dose, then 100 mg twice every 6 hours, or 100 mg per day for a complete cure for women, or 100 mg twice a day for a course of 7 days of ureaplasmosis in men.
Complicated forms of gonorrhea require the use of 800-900 mg 6-7 times, the first of which is 300, the rest are applied at intervals of 5-6 hours.
According to the instructions, the treatment of syphilis involves the use of tablets of 300 mg per day for a course of 10 days.
For uncomplicated infections of the urethra, cervix and rectum caused by chlamydia, 100 mg is taken twice a day for a weekly course.
For infections of the male genital organs, 100 mg is prescribed twice a day for a monthly course.
To prevent infections after an abortion, take 100 mg an hour before surgery and 200 half an hour after.

Intravenous solution can be used to treat exacerbations inflammatory diseases small pelvis in women. For this, 100 mg is prescribed every 12 hours simultaneously with the introduction of third-generation cephalosporins or Metronidazole (500 mg twice a day). Therapy is continued with oral tablets (dosage 100) every 12 hours for a course of 2 weeks. During treatment, alcohol is prohibited.

For insect bites

The drug Doxycycline is effectively used in the treatment of borreliosis or tick-borne relapsing fever caused by a tick bite. If the analysis in the laboratory showed that the tick was a carrier of the disease, then for the prevention of the disease it is necessary to take 200 mg of the drug per day in two doses for a course of 3-5 days. Children over 8 years of age are prescribed 4 mg / kg of body weight, and up to 8 years - Azithromycin or Augmentin. The course of the antibiotic, according to the instructions, is prohibited during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Acne treatment

Doxycycline is a drug that can be used to treat acne. With acne, a dermatologist prescribes 100 mg of the drug per day for a course of 6-12 weeks. The effectiveness of the drug is due to the fact that it dissolves well in fats and penetrates into the ducts of the sebaceous gland, which eliminates blockage of the sebaceous glands and the formation of exudate by leukocytes. The use of medication for acne contributes to a stable long-term remission of the disease.

doxycycline for angina

If angina is caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug (this is determined by the doctor when analyzing a smear from oral cavity), then it can be treated with this drug. The standard scheme of application involves a single dose of 200 mg tablets on the first day of therapy, in the subsequent - a dosage of 100-200. If the sore throat is severe, then the remedy is taken three times a day. The course of treatment lasts 7-10 days.

doxycycline for colds

According to the instructions, you can use Doxycycline for bronchitis or a cold. The standard daily dosage intravenously or orally is 200 or 100 mg, but every 12 hours. Treatment lasts 3-7 days. For the treatment of children over 6 years of age, 4 mg / kg of body weight is prescribed on the first day and 2 mg / kg of body weight on subsequent days. Some doctors advise taking the tablets with milk, but this is not necessary, and the combination of the drug with acidic foods and fruits should be avoided.

special instructions

To increase the effectiveness of treatment and avoid negative consequences, you need to pay attention to the following instructions from the instructions:

When treating patients with younger childhood it must be taken into account that the active substance of the drug is able to change the color of tooth enamel during their initial formation. It is not possible to return the natural color.
Before starting the treatment of an infectious disease, it is recommended to determine the sensitivity of the pathogen to the drug.
It is important to drink the drug with a large volume of water in order to prevent the process of ulceration of the esophagus with an alkaline environment and indigestion. Application should be planned during the day with meals.
During the course of treatment with the drug, for 4-5 days after, direct exposure to ultraviolet rays and sunlight, smoking should be avoided.
If it is necessary to take the drug for a long time, it is necessary to monitor the composition of peripheral blood and carry out other laboratory research which will reveal the effect of the drug on the body.
At the time of treatment, it is required to move away as much as possible from activities associated with concentration of attention and the speed of mental and motor reactions.

During pregnancy

When deciding whether it is possible to use the drug during pregnancy and breastfeeding, the manufacturer proceeds from the fact that the drug is an antibiotic that can cross the placenta and penetrate into breast milk. The active substance can slow down the formation of bone tissue, disrupt the formation of teeth and cause fatty infiltration of the liver tissue. These factors are due to the prohibition of taking the drug to pregnant and lactating women.

In childhood

Since the calcification of teeth in a child lasts up to five or six years, due to individual characteristics, this process can take up to 8 years. The remedy is not assigned to children until they reach the age of nine, according to the instructions. The drug should not be prescribed to children and adolescents under 12 years of age if their weight is less than 45 kg. The dosage depends on the severity of the disease, but not more than 200 mg per day.

drug interaction

Doxycycline tablets can be combined to a limited extent with other drugs, because they can cause adverse effects. Instructions for use highlights the types of drug interactions:

The absorption of the drug can be reduced by antacids based on calcium, aluminum, iron, magnesium, bismuth, sodium bicarbonate, laxatives, colestipol, cholestyramine, hydrocortisone, vitamins, aminophylline. Their reception should be separated by an interval of three hours.
When combined with indirect anticoagulants, a dose adjustment of the latter is required to avoid a decrease in the prothrombin index against the background of suppression of the intestinal microflora and the bacterial environment of the stomach.
The agent reduces the effectiveness of bactericidal antibiotics cephalosporins and penicillins, immunomodulators. The drug reduces the reliability of oral contraceptives, increases the frequency of bleeding from the mucous membranes while taking estrogen-containing medications.
Barbiturates, microsomal oxidation stimulants, ethanol, Rifampicin, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, eubiotic Unidox Solutab are able to reduce the concentration of the active substance in plasma. This is due to the acceleration of drug metabolism.
The combination of the drug with Retinol increases intracranial pressure.
With the simultaneous administration of Doxycycline with alcohol, the neurotoxic effect is enhanced, which is manifested by dizziness, headache, migraines, vomiting, and impaired coordination. Alcohol is prohibited during the entire therapy.
During treatment, it is necessary to take hepatoprotectors and bifidobacteria to prevent bioterrorism.

Side effects of doxycycline

Personal manifestations of the patient's body can cause the following side effects of the drug indicated in the instructions:

poor appetite, dysbacteriosis;
ringing in the ears, inflammation;
anorexia, nausea, gastritis, enterocolitis, dysphagia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, constipation, glossitis;
rash, urticaria, dermatitis, pruritus, lupus erythematosus, keratitis, carbuncle formation, angioedema, anaphylactic shock;
blurred vision;
ulcer;
hypotension, tachycardia, pericarditis;
arthralgia, myalgia;
autoimmune hepatitis;
lowering the level of hemoglobin, increasing the concentration of bilirubin;
neuropenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia;
increase in the content of residual urea nitrogen;
in very rare cases: candidiasis, necrolysis.

Overdose

In case of taking the medication in excess of the established dose instructions, it is necessary to stop taking it and immediately consult a doctor in order to start symptomatic treatment according to the established scheme. According to the instructions, signs of an overdose are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, temporary deterioration in hearing function. Dialysis in case of overdose will not bring a positive result, because it will not affect the half-life of the drug from the serum.

Contraindications

Doxycycline is contraindicated for use if the patient has a high sensitivity to the substances that make up the drug. Acceptance is not allowed the following diseases and conditions specified in the instructions:

hypersensitivity of the patient to the tetracycline group;
severe liver failure;
porphyria (violation of pigment metabolism);
pregnancy and breastfeeding;
under the age of 12;
take with caution in leukopenia and liver dysfunction, galactose intolerance.

Terms of sale and storage

It is necessary to store Doxycycline at a temperature of 15 to 25 degrees. Shelf life is four years.

Analogues

The drug can be replaced by one of several agents that have the same therapeutic effect and contain a similar or different active substance. These medicines include:

Vibramycin - antibacterial capsules based on doxycycline;
Doksibene - antimicrobial capsules with the same composition;
Doxipan is an antibiotic with the same component in the composition;
Doxilin - capsules, lyophilisate, solution and tablets with a similar active ingredient;
Medomycin - capsules based on doxycycline hyclate;
Bassado - tablets, solution, capsules and lyophilisate with the same composition;
Vidoccin - lyophilizate for the preparation of a solution based on doxycycline;
Doxal is a drug from the group of semi-synthetic tetracyclines;
Dovicil is a complete analogue of the drug with the same active ingredient;
Monoclin - bacteriostatic tablets based on doxycycline hydrochloride.

Doxycycline price

The drug is sold in pharmacy chains and the Internet at prices that are influenced by the pricing policy of the seller and the manufacturer. In Moscow, approximate prices will be equal to:

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The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

Antibiotic Doxycycline - characteristics of the drug

Antibiotics tetracyclines, which include Doxycycline have a wide range of activities. This semi-synthetic antibiotic has a bacteriostatic effect on microorganisms - it inhibits the ability of microbes to multiply in the body. The antibiotic penetrates into the cells of microorganisms and blocks the synthesis of proteins there.

Doxycycline has an effect on a large number of microbes - causative agents of aerobic (requiring oxygen for development) and anaerobic (can develop without oxygen) infections.

Streptococci and staphylococci, Escherichia coli and Salmonella, dysentery bacillus, Klebsiella and Clostridia, pathogens of especially dangerous infections (cholera, plague, anthrax and tularemia), sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis), malarial Plasmodium and other pathogens.

A wide spectrum of action of the drug is especially important in cases where the causative agent of the disease could not be established for one reason or another. And some diseases, such as pneumonia, can be caused by various microorganisms.

Doxycycline has no effect on fungi and viruses.

When taken orally, the drug is almost completely absorbed in the stomach. Eating does not affect the absorption of the drug. 2 hours after administration, the antibiotic reaches its maximum concentration in blood plasma and binds to plasma proteins (up to 95%). Therapeutic concentration in blood plasma after a single dose lasts for 15-16 hours, with repeated - 18-24 hours. This allows you to take Doxycycline 1 time per day.

Excreted from the body unchanged in the urine (40%) and feces (40%). It accumulates in bone tissue and in dentin (the main tissue of the teeth).

Claim that Doxycycline is the most the best drug with any disease, it is impossible, because. the choice of antibiotic depends on the pathogen and its sensitivity, and on the severity of the course of the disease, and on the presence of concomitant pathology in the patient, and sometimes on the financial capabilities of the patient.

While taking Doxycycline, you should refrain from work that requires a quick motor or mental reaction and increased attention.

Release forms

Doxycycline is available:

in ampoules in the form of a powder of 100 mg (for the preparation of a solution for intravenous drip);
in capsules of 100 mg (2 blisters of 5 pieces).

Unidox Solutab is available in 100 mg tablets (10 pieces per pack).

Analogues and synonyms of the drug

Drug analogues are drugs with the same pharmacological action, but which include different active ingredients.

Before purchasing an analogue of a medicinal product for treatment, it is imperative to consult with your doctor.

An analogue of Doxycycline is the drug Unidox Solutab (active ingredient is doxycycline monochloride).

There is also the concept of drug synonyms, i.e. drugs with different names, produced by different companies, but having the same active substance.

Synonyms of Doxycycline (active substance - doxycycline hydrochloride):

Doxycycline Nycomed;
doxycycline hydrochloride;
Doxycycline-AKOS;
Doxycycline Stada;
Doxycycline Ferein;
Vibramycin;
Doksibene;
Doxipan;
doxilin;
medomycin;
Bassado;
Vidoccin;
Doxal;
Dovicil;
Monoclin;
Xedocin;
Doxy-M-Ratiopharm.

Indications for use

The wide spectrum of action of Doxycycline allows it to be used to treat a large number of infections, the pathogens of which are sensitive to this antibiotic:

respiratory diseases (acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess and pleural empyema, pleurisy);
infections urinary tract(urethritis, pyelonephritis);
infections of the upper respiratory tract (otitis media, sinusitis or inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, tonsillitis);
intestinal infections (dysentery, salmonellosis, typhoid fever, cholera and others);
diseases of the pelvic organs in men and women (endometritis, salpingoophoritis, epididymitis, prostatitis);
inflammatory diseases gastrointestinal tract(cholecystocholangitis, proctitis, peritonitis);
soft tissue and skin infections (furunculosis, carbuncle, acne);
sexually transmitted infections (primary and secondary syphilis, gonorrhea, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia);
many infectious diseases (brucellosis, typhoid, rickettsiosis, Q fever, yersiniosis, borreliosis, tularemia, whooping cough, leptospirosis and others);
eye diseases (trachoma, ulcerative keratitis);

FROM preventive purpose doxycycline is prescribed:
1. For the prevention of malaria with a short (up to 4 months) stay in an area where malarial plasmodium is resistant to Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine and Chloroquine;
2. In order to prevent complications after colon surgery and after medical abortion.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the appointment of Doxycycline are:

hypersensitivity to doxycycline or other tetracyclines;
severe liver failure;
systemic lupus erythematosus;
reduced number of leukocytes in the blood;
an increased amount of porphyrins in the blood (a special pigment that is part of hemoglobin);
glucose-galactose malabsorption (impaired absorption of galactose and glucose, inherited);
lactase deficiency (congenital pathology);
pregnancy (can be prescribed only for health reasons);
children's age up to 8 years;
children over 12 years of age with a body weight of less than 45 kg.

Side effects and precautions

Doxycycline can cause the following side effects:

On the part of the digestive system - nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, stool disorders (constipation or diarrhea), swallowing disorders, inflammation of the tongue, inflammation in the intestinal outlet, less often - inflammation or ulceration of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum , a transient increase in blood levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and hepatic transaminases.

From the side of the nervous system - an increase in intracranial pressure, which is manifested by headache, dizziness, vomiting, visual impairment.

On the part of the blood - a decrease in the number of neutrophilic forms of leukocytes, a decrease in the number of platelets, an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood (indicate an allergic mood of the body); hemolytic anemia (anemia due to the destruction of red blood cells or red blood cells).

The simultaneous appointment of Doxycycline and Retinol leads to an increase in intracranial pressure.

Doxycycline can be combined with the appointment of Metronidazole. This combination is often used in the treatment of pelvic infections.

doxycycline during pregnancy

Doxycycline during pregnancy is contraindicated, because. the drug can cause liver damage in a pregnant woman; in addition, it crosses the placenta and can lead to a slowdown in the growth of the fetal skeleton, as well as lead to a defect in the teeth of the fetus and fatty liver. The process of calcification of milk teeth begins at 14 weeks of gestation. Doxycycline can lead to a violation of the formation of tooth enamel.

Doxycycline in small amounts can pass into breast milk. However, in the blood serum of the child, the drug is not detected during the treatment of the mother with Doxycycline. Therefore, when breastfeeding a woman, if necessary, you can prescribe Doxycycline.

doxycycline for children

The opinion about the use of Doxycycline in pediatric practice is ambiguous. Until recently, the drug was recommended for the treatment of children over 12 years of age. This is due to the fact that Doxycycline, like other tetracycline antibiotics, inhibits the longitudinal growth of the bones of the skeleton, can cause underdevelopment of tooth enamel and prolonged yellowish or grayish-brown staining of tooth enamel.

Recently, the indications for prescribing Doxycycline to children have been revised for a number of reasons:

for some infections, it is the most effective antibiotic;
adverse reactions to alternative antibiotics are more serious than cosmetic discoloration of teeth;
widespread infections transmitted by ticks, in which Doxycycline is the drug of choice, the first-line antibiotic;
cases of pneumonia caused by intracellular pathogens (chlamydia and mycoplasma) have become more frequent;
an increase in the frequency of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs of chlamydial etiology in adolescents;
Following bioterrorism (anthrax) incidents in the United States and Canada, the use of doxycycline in children has increased, and in some cases it is also used in preschool years.

The severity of tooth damage depends on the duration of the course of treatment and the number of courses, as well as on the activity of the calcification process at the time of treatment. Doxycycline, compared with other tetracycline drugs, binds less to calcium, and therefore changes in the teeth are less pronounced.

The process of calcification of permanent teeth lasts from 4-5 months of age and up to 5-6 years. Therefore, the risk of adverse reactions from the teeth after 5 years is minimal, especially if the course of treatment is not long and there are no repeated courses. Therefore, age up to 9 years, as a contraindication for treatment with Doxycycline, is determined with a margin (for probable individual deviations).

Antibiotics of the tetracycline series are also deposited in the bones. But these changes are transient and gradually disappear after discontinuation of the drug.

In Russia, Doxycycline is widely distributed in the form of hydrochloride. It often leads to the formation of ulcers in the digestive organs. Therefore, Doxycycline monohydrate in the form of Unidox Solutab is safer for children. This tablet can be swallowed whole, can be chewed, can be dissolved, which is very convenient for pediatric practice. Its effectiveness can be compared with an injection of Doxycycline.

Doses of Doxycycline for children are prescribed by a doctor depending on the severity of the disease (up to 200 mg per day), taken orally in 2 doses with fruit juice. For adolescents, the doses are the same as for adults.

doxycycline and alcohol

Doxycycline is among side effects impact on the central nervous system. It manifests itself in the form of dizziness, headache. Alcohol also has a strong neurotoxic effect. With the simultaneous use (or with a short period of time) of both Doxycycline and alcohol, their toxic effects inevitably increase.

Doxycycline, like other antibiotics, is not combined with alcohol intake. The simultaneous use of alcohol and doxycycline can cause migraine-like headache, urge to vomit, impaired coordination. The effect of alcohol on the effectiveness of Doxycycline can be twofold: sometimes there is a weakening of the therapeutic effect of the drug, sometimes it is strengthened.

Since drugs and alcohol are degraded in the liver, alcohol consumption during treatment increases the load on the liver and the risk of reactive hepatitis.

Therefore, taking alcohol during treatment with Doxycycline is clearly prohibited. If Doxycycline is used for prophylactic purposes 1-2 times a week, then you can drink alcohol 35 hours after taking the medication.

doxycycline and smoking

Smoking also affects the effectiveness of Doxycycline. Substances that make up cigarette smoke affect the liver, and drugs are more rapidly decomposed in the liver, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the drug.

In a smoker, drugs begin to take effect with a delay. Some scientists consider it necessary to prescribe higher doses of drugs to smokers.

doxycycline for chlamydia

Recent studies indicate the effective use of 3 groups of antibiotics for the treatment of chlamydia: tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and macrolides.

In uncomplicated forms of chlamydia (urethritis, cervicitis and carriage of chlamydia without manifestations of the disease), Doxycycline is the most preferable of all tetracyclines, tk. is prescribed in lower dosages (100 mg) and only in 1 or 2 doses per day.

Even more effective in chlamydia and easy to take analogue of Doxycycline - Unidox Solutab.

When chlamydia is combined with other infections, the selection of antibiotics is carried out individually in accordance with the sensitivity of the isolated flora. A good result in the treatment of inflammatory manifestations in the pelvic organs is observed with the combined appointment of Doxycycline (100 mg per day) and Metronidazole (500 mg 2 times a day).

Currently, with chlamydia, Doxycycline is prescribed at any stage of the disease. Doses of the drug, the treatment regimen, the duration of the course are selected individually, depending on the characteristics of the manifestation of the process.

The problem with the treatment of chlamydial infection is that if the treatment is not carried out correctly, the disease becomes chronic. Therefore, you should not change the dose or duration of the course of treatment. Chronization of the process is also facilitated by a decrease in immunity. Therefore, treatment should be comprehensive and include immunomodulators (Decaris, Timalin, Methyluracil, Pantocrine and other drugs).

Doxycycline for ureaplasmosis

Ureaplasma is sensitive to Doxycycline. The antibiotic penetrates the pathogen cell, blocks protein synthesis in it, and the ureaplasma loses its ability to reproduce and soon dies.

The dose of the drug, the treatment regimen, the duration of the course of treatment are selected by the doctor individually, depending on the contamination of the pathogen, clinical manifestations and the individual characteristics of the patient's body. Usually, a cure occurs with a 10-14 day course of treatment.

An analogue of Doxycycline - Unidox Solutab - is the drug of choice for the treatment of ureaplasmosis.

To reduce the likelihood of developing side effects of Doxycycline, antifungal drugs, eubiotics and hepatoprotectors should be taken at the same time (drugs to reduce toxic effects on the liver, for example, Essentiale-forte, Geparsil, etc.).

After treatment, a control examination of both sexual partners is mandatory.

doxycycline for acne

Acne (acne) is a disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. Persons of young age and teenagers often meet this disease (80%).

With an abundant rash of acne, antibiotic therapy is indicated. One of the drugs prescribed for acne is Doxycycline with its wide spectrum of action. Its effectiveness in the treatment of acne is also explained by the fact that it dissolves well in fats and is able to penetrate into the ducts of the sebaceous gland and the hair follicle. Therefore, doxycycline has advantages when choosing an antibiotic for acne treatment. The low price of the drug is also important.

Severe acne should be treated by a dermatologist. He will select the dose of the drug and monitor the treatment process, if necessary, prescribe external treatment. More often, intermittent courses of antibiotics are used for a long time.

The use of Doxycycline for acne gives a stable and prolonged remission of the disease.

doxycycline for tick bite

The causative agent of tick-borne relapsing fever (borrelia) is transmitted by ticks when bitten. Therefore, it is recommended to take the tick extracted from the body to the laboratory for research - whether it is a carrier of Borrelia.

Considering that the incidence of borreliosis is high, then with a positive response from the laboratory (i.e., infection of the tick with borreliosis), a prophylactic course of Doxycycline is prescribed for 3-5 days, 200 mg per day for 2 doses. Children over 8 years old - 4 mg per 1 kg of body weight. Children under 8 years of age are prescribed a prophylactic course of Augmentin or Azithromycin.

A prophylactic course should be carried out no later than three days (72 hours) after a tick bite. With a timely and correctly conducted course, Doxycycline is effective for the prevention of borreliosis.

Pregnant women and nursing mothers do not take antibiotics.

Description

Hard gelatin, number 1, yellow, cylindrical shape with hemispherical ends.

Composition per capsule

active substance: doxycycline (in the form of doxycycline hyclate) - 100 mg;

Excipients: calcium stearate, lactose monohydrate, potato starch.

The composition of the hard gelatin capsule: gelatin, glycerin, purified water, titanium dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, dyes: quinoline yellow (E-104), orange yellow (E-110).

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antibacterial agents for systemic use. Tetracyclines.

The codeATS: J01AA02.

pharmachologic effect

Doxycycline has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

The drug is active against gram-positive microorganisms - Staphylococcus spp. (including Staphylococcus aureus, including strains producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium spp., Actinomyces israeli; gram-negative microorganisms - Bordetella pertussis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Vibrio cholerae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Rickettsia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Treponema spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp., some protozoa (including Plasmodium falciparum, Entamoeba histolytica) are sensitive to doxycycline.

The most sensitive to doxycycline are Haemophilus influenzae (91-96%) and intracellular pathogens.

To a lesser extent than other tetracycline antibiotics, it inhibits the intestinal flora, has a more complete absorption and a longer duration of action. In terms of antibacterial activity, doxycycline is superior to natural tetracyclines. It penetrates into the cell, suppressing the reproduction of intracellular pathogens.

Microorganisms resistant to doxycycline: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains of Bacteroides fragilis, fungi, viruses.

Indications for use

Infectious diseases caused by pathogens sensitive to doxycycline.

To prevent the development of resistance and maintain efficacy, the drug should only be used to treat infections caused by proven (or suspected) microorganisms sensitive to doxycycline. If there is information about the identified pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics, the doctor is guided by it to select the optimal antibiotic, and in the absence of such, the empirical choice of an antibacterial agent is based on local epidemiological data and sensitivity data.

Doxycycline is indicated for the treatment of the following infections:

rocky mountain spotted fever, typhus and other types of typhus, Q fever, vesicular rickettsiosis and tick-borne fevers caused by rickettsiae;

Mycoplasma pneumoniae;

venereal lymphogranulomatosis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis;

psittacosis caused by Chlamydia psittaci;

trachoma caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, although it is not always possible to achieve elimination of the pathogen, as evidenced by the results of an immunofluorescent study;

conjunctivitis with inclusions caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, doxycycline can be used orally as monotherapy or in combination with topical drugs;

uncomplicated urethral, endocervical and rectal infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in adults;

non-gonococcal urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum(T-mycoplasma);

epidemiological relapsing fever caused by Borrelia recurrentis.

Doxycycline is also used to treat infections caused by the following Gram-negative organisms:

chancroid caused by Haemophilus dureyi;

the plague caused Yersinia pestis;

tularemia caused by Francisella tularensis;

cholera caused by Vibrio cholera;

campylobacteriosis caused by Campylobacter fetus;

brucellosis caused by Brucella species (in combination with streptomycin);

bartonellosis caused by Bartonella bacilliformis;

donovanosis (granuloma venereal) caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.

Many strains of the organisms listed below were resistant to tetracyclines, so culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing is recommended. Doxycycline is used to treat infections caused by the following gram-negative microorganisms, if bacteriological examination confirms their adequate sensitivity to the drug:

Escherichia coli;

Enterobacter aerogenes;

Shigella species;

Acinetobacter species;

respiratory infections caused haemophilus influenzae;

respiratory and urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella species.

Doxycycline is used to treat infections caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms, if bacteriological examination confirms their adequate sensitivity to the drug:

upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae;

anthrax caused by bacillus anthracis, including inhalational anthrax (after exposure): to reduce the incidence or progression of the disease after exposure Bacillus anthracis.

When penicillin is contraindicated, doxycycline is alternative remedy may be used to treat the following infections:

uncomplicated gonorrhea due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae;

syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum;

yaws caused by Treponema pertenue;

listeriosis caused by Listeria monocytogenes;

Simanovsky-Plaut-Vincent's angina (acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis) caused by Leptotrichia buccalis(old name Fusobacterium fusiform);

actinomycosis caused by Actinomyces israeli;

infections caused Clostridium spp.

In acute intestinal amebiasis, doxycycline can be used in addition to amebicidal agents.

As an adjunct, doxycycline can be used in the treatment of severe acne.

Doxycycline is indicated for the prevention of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum for short term travelers

Method of application and dosing regimen

It should be remembered that the usual dose and frequency of use of doxycycline differs from those of most other tetracyclines. Exceeding the recommended dose may increase the frequency of side effects. Therapy should be continued for at least 24-48 hours after the disappearance of symptoms and fever. For streptococcal infections, treatment should be continued for 10 days to prevent the development of rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis.

The usual dose of doxycycline in adults is 200 mg on the first day of treatment (once or 100 mg every 12 hours), and then the drug is prescribed at a maintenance dose of 100 mg / day (once or 50 mg every 12 hours). For more severe infections (especially chronic urinary tract infections), the drug should be used at a dose of 200 mg / day throughout the course of treatment.

With tick-borne and lousy relapsing fever doxycycline has been successfully used as a single oral dose of 100 or 200 mg, depending on the severity of the infection. In order to reduce the risk of persistence or recurrence of tick-borne relapsing fever, it is recommended to use doxycycline 100 mg every 12 hours for 7 days.

Uncomplicated urethral, endocervical and rectal infections in adults caused Chlamydia trachomatis:

Acute epididymo-orchitis, called by S. Trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae: ceftriaxone 250 mg IM or other suitable cephalosporin once in combination with doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for 10 days.

Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), caused Chlamydia trachomatis or Ureaplasma urealyticum: 100 mg orally twice a day for 7 days.

Venereal lymphogranulomatosis, caused Chlamydia trachomatis: doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for at least 21 days.

Uncomplicated gonococcal infections in adults (excluding anorectal infection) my husbandhin): 100 mg orally twice a day for 7 days. Alternatively, a dose of doxycycline 300 mg followed by a second dose of 300 mg within an hour is possible.

Anthrax (after exposure): adults 100 mg orally twice a day for 60 days.

Primary and secondary syphilis: in For patients with primary or secondary syphilis, those allergic to penicillin, and non-pregnant women, treatment with doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for two weeks may be an alternative to penicillin.

Latent and tertiary syphilis: in patients with latent or tertiary syphilis, who are allergic to penicillin, and who are not pregnant, treatment with doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for two weeks can be an alternative to penicillin if the duration of infection does not exceed 1 year. Otherwise, doxycycline is used for 4 weeks.

Acne: 50–100 mg/day for up to 12 weeks.

malaria treatment, caused by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum: 200 mg/day for at least 7 days. Given the potential severity of the infection, a fast-acting schizonticidal drug should be used concomitantly with doxycycline.

Prevention of malaria: 100 mg/day in adults. Prevention can begin 1-2 days before traveling to an area where malaria occurs. It should be continued throughout the trip and 4 weeks after returning.

Treatment and selective prevention cholera in adults: 300 mg once.

Prevention Japanese river fever: 200 mg once orally.

Prevention traveler's diarrhea in adults: 200 mg on the first day of the trip (once or 100 mg every 12 hours), and then 100 mg / day throughout the stay in the region. Information about preventive use there is no drug for more than 21 days.

Prevention leptospirosis: 200 mg orally once a week throughout the stay in the region and 200 mg at the end of the trip. There is no information on the prophylactic use of the drug for more than 21 days.

Mode of application

Applied orally during or after meals.

May be taken with food, including milk or carbonated drinks. Tetracycline tablets are recommended to be taken with an adequate amount of liquid to reduce the risk of irritation and ulceration of the esophagus.

In case of irritation of the esophagus, doxycycline is recommended to be taken with food or milk. Studies indicate that the simultaneous intake of food or milk does not significantly affect the absorption of doxycycline.

The regimen and regimens of treatment should be strictly observed, the drug should be taken at regular intervals and the doses of the drug used should not be missed. In case of missing the time of the next dose of the drug, take the pill as soon as possible. Do not double the dose if it is time for the next dose. Then take the drug according to the recommended scheme.

Elderly patients: dose adjustment is not required. In the presence of kidney failure dose adjustment is not required.

Impaired liver function: doxycycline should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment or in patients receiving potentially hepatotoxic medicinal products.

Kidney dysfunction: studies have shown that the use of doxycycline at the usual recommended doses does not lead to excessive accumulation of the antibiotic in patients with impaired renal function.

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Side effect

From the nervous system: benign increase in intracranial pressure (decreased appetite, vomiting, headache, papilledema), toxic effects on the central nervous system (dizziness or unsteadiness).

From the organ of hearing: noise in ears.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, edema, pericarditis, hypotension.

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, abdominal pain, glossitis, dysphagia, esophagitis (including erosive), gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulceration, dyspepsia, enterocolitis (due to the proliferation of resistant strains of staphylococci).

From the immune system: maculopapular rash, pruritus, urticaria, skin flushing, anaphylactic shock, anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reactions, angioedema, drug lupus erythematosus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, frequency unknown - Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (see section "Precautions").

You should contact your doctor immediately if you develop any of the following adverse events:

The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction, manifested by fever, chills, headache and muscle pain, skin rash usually disappears spontaneously. It develops shortly after the start of doxycycline in the treatment of infections caused by spirochetes, such as Lyme disease.

From the side of the hematopoietic organs: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, eosinophilia, porphyria.

Others: jaundice, hepatitis (rare), transient increase in liver function, liver failure, increase in serum urea concentration, arthralgia, myalgia, photosensitivity, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, serum sickness, pseudomembranous colitis, superinfection, stable change color of tooth enamel, inflammation in the anogenital zone, candidiasis (vaginitis, glossitis, stomatitis, proctitis), dysbacteriosis, hot flashes.

Reporting adverse reactions

If you experience any side effects, tell your doctor about it. This also applies to any side effects which are not listed in this leaflet. You can also report adverse reactions to the information database on adverse reactions (actions) to medicines, including reports of ineffectiveness medicines identified on the territory of the state (UE Center for Expertise and Testing in HealthcareMOH RB», rceth.by ). By reporting adverse reactions, you help to get more information about the safety of the drug.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any excipient. The use of doxycycline is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, porphyria, severe liver failure, during pregnancy, lactation (for the period of treatment should be abandoned breastfeeding), children under 18 years of age.

Carefully: liver dysfunction, leukopenia.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, the drug should be discontinued and symptomatic treatment initiated. Dialysis does not affect the serum half-life and is ineffective in case of overdose.

Precautionary measures

This dosage form in children under 18 years of age is contraindicated.

To prevent local irritating effects (esophagitis, gastritis, ulceration of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract), it is recommended to take it during the daytime with plenty of liquid, food or milk.

In connection with possible development photosensitivity it is necessary to limit insolation during treatment and for 4-5 days after it.

With prolonged use, it is necessary to control the functional state of the liver, hematopoietic organs.

It can mask the manifestations of syphilis, and therefore, if a mixed infection is possible, monthly conduction is necessary. serological analysis for 4 months.

All tetracyclines form stable complexes with Ca2+ in any bone-forming tissue. In this regard, taking during the period of tooth development can cause long-term staining of teeth in a yellow-gray-brown color, as well as enamel hypoplasia.

Perhaps a false increase in the level of catecholamines in the urine when they are determined by the fluorescent method. When examining a biopsy thyroid gland in patients who have received doxycycline for a long time, dark brown staining of tissue in micropreparations is possible without disturbing its functions.

The experiment found that doxycycline can have a toxic effect on fetal development (delayed development of the skeleton) - it blocks metalloproteases (enzymes that catalyze the degradation of collagen and proteoglycans) in cartilage, leading to a decrease in lesions in deforming osteoarthritis.

Use in patients with impaired liver function. Doxycycline should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment or in those receiving potentially hepatotoxic medicinal products.

Liver dysfunction associated with oral or parenteral tetracyclines, including doxycycline, has been reported very rarely.

Use in patients with impaired renal function. Excretion of doxycycline through the kidneys is approximately 40% in 72 hours in individuals with normal function kidneys. This range may decrease to 1–5% in 72 hours in individuals with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance below 10 ml/minute).

Studies have not revealed a significant difference in the half-life of doxycycline from serum in individuals with normal and impaired renal function. Hemodialysis does not affect the half-life of the drug from the blood serum.

The antianabolic effect of tetracyclines can lead to an increase in the level of urea in the blood. The antianabolic effect was not manifested when using doxycycline in patients with impaired renal function.

Photosensitization. Photosensitivity reactions have been noted in some individuals taking tetracyclines, including doxycycline. During treatment with doxycycline and for 4-5 days after its completion, it is recommended to protect exposed areas of the body from direct sunlight and artificial UV radiation. Treatment with tetracyclines, including doxycycline, should be stopped immediately at the first manifestations of erythema on the skin.

Pseudomembranous colitis. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with almost all antibacterial agents including doxycycline. The severity of this complication ranged from mild to life threatening. This diagnosis should be considered in patients presenting with diarrhea due to the use of antibacterial agents.

Esophagitis. Cases of esophagitis and esophageal ulcers have been reported in patients using capsule or tablet formulations. medicines class of tetracyclines, including doxycycline. Most of these patients took the drug just before bedtime or with insufficient fluids.

Mild intracranial hypertension was registered in persons receiving the drug at the maximum therapeutic dose. These symptoms quickly disappeared after discontinuation of the drug.

Porfiry. Rare cases of porphyria have been observed in patients treated with tetracyclines.

Treatment of venereal diseases. In the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases with suspected concomitant syphilis, appropriate diagnostic procedures should be used, including dark-field microscopy and other tests. In such cases, monthly serological tests should be performed for at least 4 months.

Beta-hemolytic streptococcus. For infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, treatment should continue for at least 10 days.

Myasthenia gravis. Tetracycline drugs can cause mild neuromuscular blockade, so doxycycline should be used with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus. Tetracyclines can exacerbate systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methoxyflurane. The simultaneous use of methoxyflurane with tetracyclines leads to fatal neurotoxicity.

Yar reactionisha-Herxheimer. Some patients with infectious diseases caused by pathogenic spirochetes may develop a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction shortly after starting doxycycline use. Patients should be aware that the occurrence of this reaction is a consequence of the antibiotic therapy of these infectious diseases and, as a rule, the manifestations of this reaction disappear spontaneously. If this reaction occurs, patients are advised to consult a doctor immediately.

The composition of the drug contains lactose, and therefore it is not recommended for use in patients with rare congenital galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency and glucose-galactose malabsorption.

The composition of the medicinal product includes dyes quinoline yellow (E-104) and orange yellow (E-110), which can cause allergic reactions.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Use during pregnancy and lactation is contraindicated.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and other potentially dangerousmechanisms

Patients should refrain from all activities that require increased attention, rapid mental and motor reactions.

Interaction with other drugs

Doxycycline may increase the plasma concentration of cyclosporine. The joint appointment of these drugs should be carried out only under medical supervision.

The combined use of tetracyclines and methoxyflurane (an agent for inhalation anesthesia) can lead to the development of severe renal failure (including death).

Do not combine doxycycline with agents containing metal ions (antacids containing aluminum, calcium and magnesium salts; preparations containing manganese, zinc ions, iron preparations) due to the formation of inactive chelates.

The absorption of doxycycline inhibits cholestyramine. Alcohol, barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin reduce the concentration of doxycycline in serum. Doxycycline reduces the effectiveness of penicillin, oral contraceptives; when co-administered with oral contraceptives, the likelihood of bleeding in the cycle increases. With simultaneous therapy with anticoagulants, careful monitoring of blood coagulation is required (against the background of taking tetracyclines, the synthesis of vitamin K is reduced).

Holiday conditions

On prescription.

Manufacturer:

RUE "Belmedpreparaty",

Republic of Belarus, 220007, Minsk,

st. Fabritsiusa, 30, t./f.: (+37517) 220 37 16,

Email the address: [email protected]