Why does the body need vitamin B5? Vitamin B5 - "vitamin of beauty" "everywhere"! Animal Products

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of vitamins for maintaining our health. One of them - B5 - a vitamin that has a beneficial effect on the whole body as a whole, and not on its individual processes. Why is it so useful, what are its functions and where to look for it? Let's find out together!

B5 is a vitamin that pharmacists and doctors call pantothenic acid. It is found in almost all foods, be it vegetables, fruits, berries or legumes. No wonder "pantoten" in Greek means "omnipresent". Let's take a closer look at this useful vitamin.

Natural vitamin B5 enters our body by absorption through the small intestine. From there, it goes straight into the bloodstream, is picked up by red blood cells and turns into coenzyme A. The remnants of vitamin B5 roam freely throughout the body, evenly distributed throughout the tissues.

Miraculous B5

B5 is a vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, fats, cholesterol, hemoglobin and other substances. The most important function that B5 performs is to stimulate the production of adrenal hormones, which in turn protect the body from such serious illnesses like allergies, colitis, myocardial infarction and arthritis. With the help of pantothen, the body actively produces antibodies and immunity to various diseases, especially SARS. Also, this miracle vitamin slows down aging and prolongs life.

With a sufficient amount of pantothenic acid, the adrenal cortex produces the so-called glucocorticoids. These are hormones that help the body cope with all sorts of inflammatory processes faster, and also protect it from overexertion, congestion, infections and microbes.

It is vitamin B5 that forms a number of enzymes, and also participates in such body processes as:

improving energy balance;
strengthening immunity;
skin regeneration, healing of scratches and wounds;
improving memory and concentration;
stimulation correct operation heart muscle.

By the way, brain activity largely depends on this important vitamin: B5 is actively involved in the synthesis of substances through which electrical impulses are transmitted from neuron to neuron. These substances are called neurotransmitters. Without them, the brain would not be able to receive commands from such senses as touch, smell, hearing, sight. A lack of vitamin B5 can cause a decrease in the perception of tastes and smells, and also threatens with the appearance of memory lapses.

By the way, pantothene synthesizes antibodies that protect our brain from the negative effects of alcohol and nicotine, so for smokers, especially if they drink alcohol, vitamin B5 is vital.

On guard of harmony

People who monitor their weight or follow a diet to reduce body weight should know that B5 is a vitamin that is involved in the normalization of lipid metabolism. In other words, it helps break down fats and convert them into energy. It is especially effective in combination with choline, vitamin C, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin D. These vitamins together help in the fight against obesity.

One, two, three, four, five - I'm going to look for B5!

A few decades ago, hypovitaminosis associated with B5 deficiency in the body was rare. People ate organic food and thus replenished the amount of pantothene. What foods contain the most vitamin B5?

Dairy products: milk, cottage cheese, blue cheese.
Meat: beef, veal, pork.
Chicken eggs.
Fish: trout, salmon, salmon.
Mushrooms: shiitake, chanterelles, mushrooms, champignons and oyster mushrooms;
Fruits: dried bananas, persimmons, figs, avocados, dates, dried apricots, kiwi, prunes.
Vegetables: Dried tomatoes, broccoli, sweet potato, cauliflower, garlic, potatoes, parsnips, artichoke and Jerusalem artichoke.
Cereals and grains: rice, oat and wheat bran, corn, buckwheat.
Seeds and nuts: flaxseed, pistachios, peanuts, sunflower seeds, hazelnuts, hazelnuts, cashews, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, almonds.
Legumes: beans, mung beans, peas, soybeans, lentils, chickpeas.
Algae: kelp, agar-agar, nori, spirulina.
Spices, spices, herbs: oregano, black pepper, mint, basil, paprika, parsley.

B5 deficiency

Nowadays, when the diet of many of us consists of semi-finished products, and most of the products contain GMOs, vitamin B5 in the products, if it is contained, is in very small quantities. As a result, a lack of pantothenic acid is quite common and manifests itself as follows:

chronic fatigue;
despondency, depression, irritability;
insomnia;
decreased performance, loss of strength;
headaches, nausea;
loss of appetite;
muscle pain, heaviness in the legs;
numbness of fingers;
stomach pain, diarrhea.

In addition, a deficiency of vitamin B5 leads to a weakening of the immune system, thereby reducing the body's defense against various infections.

It is also interesting that pantothenic acid helps to produce special amino acids that significantly reduce the side effects of various drugs.

Doesn't it happen a lot?

Is there hypervitaminosis, that is, an excess of vitamin B5? This can only happen with an incorrectly prescribed course of injections. Hypervitaminosis is manifested by diarrhea and blanching skin. The excess is excreted through the urinary tract.

Who needs pantotel?

It is possible to normalize the body's needs for pantothenic acid. It is enough to take vitamin B5 tablets. Remember that self-medication can lead to undesirable consequences, so you should consult your doctor before taking medication!

For what indications is it necessary to take vitamin B5 tablets?

violations of various metabolic processes;
neuralgic diseases;
skin rashes, such as eczema;
acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma;
hay fever;
allergic reactions;
atopic dermatitis;
burn conditions;
trophic ulcers;
tuberculosis;
diseases gastrointestinal tract and liver;
toxicosis during pregnancy.

Measure once.

However, despite the indicated doses, the number of tablets may vary depending on the prescription of the attending physician.

I'm not afraid of injections

In some cases, instead of tablets, the doctor may prescribe vitamin B5 in ampoules for intramuscular injection. By the way, the introduction of liquid B5 is very painful, but this invasive method allows you to make up for the deficiency of pantothen as quickly as possible. Pure vitamin B5 is rarely found in ampoules. Instructions for use usually contain information about other B vitamins that make up the injection liquid.

Gorgeous hair pledge

Separately, it is worth noting the benefits that vitamin B5 provides for hair. It is not for nothing that almost all bottles with advertised shampoos and masks are marked “contains vitamin B5”. Why is it so good and what effect does it have? The fact is that it stimulates hair growth, and also retains moisture in them, thereby reducing their fragility. Thanks to this vitamin, hair is restored after unsuccessful hairdressing manipulations such as bleaching or perm. With proper use of B5, the hair becomes more shiny and lush. Vitamins B5 + B6 are very well combined with each other: this "tandem" strengthens the hair and prevents hair loss, they become smooth, silky and strong.

beauty recipes

To help hair, vitamin B5 is needed in ampoules. Tablets, even crushed into powder, will not give the same effect as an oily liquid. Where and in what quantity to add vitamin B5? The instruction is simple:

Pour the amount of your favorite shampoo into a suitable container for washing.
Add a few drops of vitamin B5 oil solution.
Apply shampoo to well-moistened hair, lather thoroughly, hold for 3-5 minutes and rinse.
If necessary, this procedure can be repeated with a balm or hair mask.

Such use of vitamin B5, especially if it is regular, will noticeably improve the condition of the hair, add smoothness and radiance to it, eliminate brittleness, prevent split ends, nourish them with vitality and health.

A course on maintaining health and longevity

In order to be healthy and live as long as possible, listen carefully to your health. If you notice the above symptoms of vitamin B5 deficiency, go to your doctor for a consultation. Perhaps your fears will be confirmed, and you will be prescribed a course of treatment. Within a few weeks after you start taking vitamin B5, you will surely feel an improvement in your condition.

To maintain a balance of vitamin B5, eat dried apricots and prunes, indulge in seasoned fish and try not to cook vegetables for too long. And if the doctor still prescribes pantothenic acid for you, remember that B5 is a vitamin, the instruction of which prescribes not to exceed the norm indicated in it. And then health, coupled with longevity, will be ensured!

How to make up for the lack of vitamin B5 in the body? The most important vitamin for hair

In 1931, scientists managed to synthesize vitamin B5, after researching which it turned out that it is present almost everywhere. It is also called pantothenic acid, translated from Greek “pantoten” means “everywhere” or “everywhere” and this is not in vain because vitamin B5 takes part in almost all metabolic processes in the body and is found in almost all products.

Vitamin B5, like all B vitamins, belongs to water-soluble vitamins, it does not have toxic properties and is excreted from the body with urine. Pantothenic acid also has the ability to turn into other substances, when it enters the body it turns into panthein - and this is the main part of coenzyme A, which is involved in the synthesis of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Vitamin B5 slows down aging and prolongs life!

The best product for hair growth and beauty read more.

Benefits of Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Vitamin B5 takes part in almost all processes that occur in the body. Therefore, its benefits are very difficult to overestimate.

Pantothenic acid has the most direct effect on hair probably more than all other vitamins. This is due to the fact that vitamin B5 is involved in lipid metabolism, in the formation and renewal of cells, its deficiency directly affects hair loss, depletion and deterioration of the hair structure.

Vitamin B5 is very important in the production of adrenal hormones, red blood cells and amino acids, it contributes to the rapid healing of wounds on the skin and mucous membranes. Pantothenic acid is involved in the synthesis of proteins and carbohydrates for energy, and it also has an anabolic effect, which allows you to increase muscle mass and reduce the amount of energy wasted. Also, this vitamin is responsible for long-term memory.

Vitamin B5 is used in skin rejuvenation procedures, very often it is added to children's creams and gels against skin rashes, irritations and dermatitis.

To ensure the synthesis and exchange of all substances necessary for life, it is important that pantothenic acid is present in the body in sufficient quantities.

Vitamin B5 helps the absorption of other vitamins: folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin B1, B6.

Indications for use

Vitamin B5 is very important for hair health, it is especially indispensable for hair loss, but besides this, pantothenic acid has many more indications for use:

baldness;
dandruff;
eczema;
burns, ulcers;
trophic ulcers;
neuralgia, paresthesia, polyneuritis;
tuberculosis;
pancreatitis;
chronic liver diseases;
bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma;
disorders of the circulatory system;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract associated with high acidity;
metabolic disease;
toxicosis in pregnant women;
allergic reactions (dermatitis);
hyperthyroidism;
cystitis;
candidiasis;
arthritis.

Vitamin B5 deficiency symptoms

In medical practice, vitamin B5 deficiency is rare, since it is found in many foods, so diets, malnutrition, dysbacteriosis and other problems with the gastrointestinal tract can provoke its lack. And another reason for a decrease in the vitamin can be the use of contraceptives, sleeping pills, as well as alcohol and smoking.

The main symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency are:

rapid fatigue of the body, chronic fatigue;
depression, despondency;
irritability and poor sleep;
hair loss;
peeling of the skin;
muscle pain, heaviness in the legs;
headaches, sometimes nausea;
diseases small intestine, stomach pain;
decreased immunity, the body can not defend itself against various infections.

These are not all the symptoms that vitamin B5 deficiency causes, in addition, these symptoms or similar ones can be caused by a lack of other vitamins and trace elements, but a diagnosis of deficiency can be made. this vitamin only a doctor can. If you notice the above symptoms, go to your doctor for a consultation.

To determine the amount of pantothenic acid in the body, one of two available methods can be used: microbiological or radioimmunological. For research, blood is taken in the morning on an empty stomach.

The need for vitamin B5 for hair

This vitamin is simply vital for the health of our hair. Vitamin B5 or pantothenic acid for hair works in several directions at once, if the body does not get enough vitamin B5, then this immediately affects the condition of the hair. Vitamin B5 is indispensable for hair loss, it is included in the most expensive hair loss products of world brands. In addition to treating hair loss, vitamin B5 also stimulates hair growth and awakens new hair to more intense growth.

Vitamin B5, B6 and B12, vitamin C and iron are the main ingredients in the treatment of hair loss!

Pantothenic acid is also important for hair because it retains moisture in the hair, which means that the hair becomes more elastic, less dry and brittle, and less split ends. After a course of vitamin B5, the hair becomes more lush, smooth, shiny and silky.

Vitamin B5 is unique in that it is well absorbed by the skin, which is why it is often added to the composition. cosmetics and used for homemade hair masks.

Foods rich in vitamin B5

Vitamin B5 is easily destroyed by heat treatment of foods - more than 50% loss and freezing - about 30%, so you should avoid heat treatment of foods if possible and eat raw vegetables and fruits.

Vitamin B5 is found in both animal and vegetable products. Most pantothenic acid is found:

Brewer's yeast;
beef, chicken liver;
beef;
sea fish;
fish caviar;
eggs;
kidneys, heart;
mushrooms;
nuts;
Rye flour;
fresh vegetables;
dairy products
germinated wheat
honey, pollen, propolis.

Table vinegar added to a salad or preservation completely destroys vitamin B5.

Vitamin B5 in foods is absorbed only during the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, because it is absorbed in the small intestine and in a small amount in the large intestine, so any disturbances in the digestive tract and microflora disorders lead to a decrease in the absorption of pantothenic acid.

Where to Buy Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Preparations containing vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) can be bought at a pharmacy, it can be in the form of tablets, injections and complex preparations that include vitamin B5, there are also different dosages of the vitamin. An adult healthy person needs about 10 mg of pantothenic acid per day, in some cases the dosage may increase (during breastfeeding, sports and certain diseases).

Do not confuse the daily requirement of vitamin B5 and the dosage prescribed by the doctor.

As a medicine, calcium pantothenate in tablets is most often used.

Vitamin B5 pantothenic acid

If you feel chronic fatigue, you begin to sleep poorly. You have difficulty getting up in the morning because your joints hurt. You were tortured by frequent colds, your immunity was weakened. Memory problems began to appear: at work they forgot to submit a report on time, to meet with a client. You began to worry about weight: it is not enough or, conversely, it is superfluous. Urgently go to the doctor! You most likely have a pantothenic acid deficiency. This substance is so important for our body that if there is a shortage, the work of many organs can be disrupted. There will be exacerbations of diseases, pain will appear.

What is pantothenic acid

Behind such a complex name is vitamin B5. It is produced by itself in our intestines, if the microflora is not disturbed. Due to the fact that the vitamin is found in a variety of foods, it constantly enters our body. But in a situation where its lack, problems begin:

Metabolism is disturbed;

Skin diseases appear;

Nervous diseases are exacerbated.

This vitamin is involved in the work of the adrenal glands. It produces a hormone with which inflammation is easier to tolerate, it is necessary for heart disease, colitis. It is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids. With its violation and failure, long-term memory becomes worse, nervous diseases become aggravated, and sleep is disturbed. It is important that the vitamin is involved in the synthesis of substances that are responsible for the transmission of brain impulses. With a deficiency, the sensations of smell and taste decrease, absent-mindedness appears.

The participation of the vitamin in the synthesis of antibodies helps protect the brain from the effects of nicotine and alcohol. New cells are formed, side effect drugs. The condition of the skin and hair depends on the presence of the vitamin. Its participation is important for normalizing the body's water balance, accelerating the healing of wounds and burns. Vitamin plays a huge role in regulating cholesterol metabolism, prevents the appearance of atherosclerosis.

Vitamin B5 is very important for the proper functioning of the whole organism. With the use of the drug:

Easier to tolerate inflammation, heart disease, arthritis.

Work is being sent nervous system. Sleep improves, chronic fatigue disappears.

The functions of the brain are regulated. Long-term memory returns, absent-mindedness and forgetfulness decrease.

The aging process, the formation of wrinkles, the appearance of gray hair are postponed.

Metabolism is regulated. Stabilizes weight with weight loss and obesity.

Improves the condition of the skin and hair.

What products contain

Without noticing it, we consume products with pantothenic acid every day. It is important that they are properly prepared. Heat treatment is allowed. But in order for the vitamin to remain in the products, it should be taken into account that destruction occurs:

Under influence high temperature, when frying;

When preserving vegetables and fruits;

As a result of freezing;

After adding the vinegar recipe.

To make up for the deficiency of vitamin B5, you just need to go to the store or the market. What foods contain pantothenic acid? It is found in beef meat, liver, kidneys. A large amount of it is found in products:

Sea fish, caviar;

Greens: salads, cabbage;

Whole wheat and rye;

Oranges and bananas.

The daily requirement of the human body for vitamin B5

Please note that the need for this vitamin depends on the situation. Increases during pregnancy, with great physical exertion. The daily requirement for vitamin B5 increases after operations, during stress. A large dosage is prescribed for skin diseases, severe infectious diseases. Under normal conditions, the daily requirement:

Adults - 7-10 mg;

Infants - 2 mg;

Schoolchildren - 4 mg;

Preparations containing vitamin B5

Vitamin B5 is included in chemical composition many medicines. Doctors prescribe calcium pantothenate tablets to pregnant women with toxicosis. "Brewer's yeast" - capsules - for skin diseases and for weight gain. The drug Pantothenic acid copes well with muscle pain, nervous disorders, and depression. Vitamin B5 preparations from Solgar are of great benefit. The pharmaceutical concern produces multivitamin complexes "Solgar Multi Eye" based on natural ingredients, capsules with pantothenic acid.

Release form

The pharmaceutical industry offers preparations containing vitamins B5 in various forms for use. Among them are tablets and capsules, which are recommended to be taken according to the instructions with water. Preparations in ampoules are prescribed for intramuscular and intravenous use. The use of vitamin B5 is more effective with injections, but not everyone tolerates intramuscular injections well, because they are very painful.

Indications for use

Vitamin B5 deficiency causes problems during pregnancy: anemia and toxicosis. Due to the need for the normal functioning of the whole organism, a drug is prescribed for the treatment of:

Disorders of the nervous system;

Respiratory problems;

Disorders of the thyroid gland;

Pain in the joints;

Excellent results are obtained by the use of vitamin B5 in metabolic disorders. The drug is used for weight loss and weight gain, stops the development of obesity. This vitamin is essential for normal brain function. Prevents the development of atherosclerosis, fights distraction and forgetfulness. If you want to delay aging, you can not do without medicines with vitamin B5. Doctors use drugs to treat:

Complications after operations;

It is important that vitamin B5 is well excreted from the body, so its excess does not lead to any serious consequences. In order for the use of the drug to have the desired effect, the dosage must be observed. It requires a significant increase in skin diseases. The dosage can be up to 1.5 grams per day, but this gives excellent results. The amount of the substance to be taken is prescribed by the doctor, it depends on the disease and the age of the patient. For adults, the dosage is up to 500 mg per day, for children - from 100 to 400 mg.

Feedback on the effectiveness of the application

Evgenia, 25 years old: I was very worried about boils all over my body. Only one passed - immediately another appeared. She was treated with various means, but one thing helped - “Brewer's yeast”. The doctor prescribed to take these capsules and after two weeks new boils stopped appearing. I felt much better. Excellent remedy, highly recommend in the same situation.

Karina, 28 years old: She returned from a vacation at sea, and her hair became dry, lifeless. The cosmetologist prescribed their treatment and recommended them to take vitamins "Solgar multi ai". They contain vitamins B5. I put my hair in order in a month, so my nails also strengthened. I was surprised that the work became calmer. Excellent vitamins, I highly recommend taking them.

Larisa, 23 years old: The pregnancy was very difficult, she was tormented by severe toxicosis. The gynecologist prescribed intramuscular injections of vitamin B5, but they were very painful. Then she prescribed me calcium pantothenate tablets. Within a week I felt better. I drank them for two months and the remaining period I felt good. Recommend to expectant mothers.

The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Calcium Pantothenate

The description is up to date 24.04.2015

Latin name: Calcii pantothenas
ATX code: A11HA31
Active substance: Calcium pantothenate (Calcium pantothenate)
Manufacturer: ICN October, Belgorodvitamins, Akrikhin HFC, Pharmstandard-October (Russia)

The preparation contains calcium pantothenate .

Release form

The drug is sold in the form of a white, water-soluble powder, ampoules with a 10% solution, tablets and ampoules with a 20% solution.

pharmachologic effect

The drug regulates calcium-phosphorus metabolism .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

This tool is often referred to as Vitamin B5 or Pantothenic acid what it is and why it is needed, you need to know to understand the principle of the drug. This substance is very common in nature. For example, it is very common pantothenic acid in products, it is rich in liver, egg yolk, peas, kidneys, fish caviar, yeast.

In the body, it is found in acetylation coenzyme , which affects the processes of acetylation and oxidation. Besides, pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) takes part in metabolic processes and synthesis acetylcholine . In a significant amount, it is found in the adrenal cortex and activates the formation corticosteroids .

The body's daily requirement for pantothenic acid about 11 mg. With significant physical exertion, as well as during the period breastfeeding the need for it increases to 20 mg. It is produced in the body coli , so it is not necessary to consume products that contain pantothenic acid , beriberi because of its deficiency is not observed.

How medicine using calcium salt pantothenic acid . It is obtained synthetically. drugs pantothenic acid used for various pathological conditions associated with violations metabolism .

Indications for use

To determine what Pantothenic Acid can be used for in any given case, a physician should be consulted.

Contraindications

The drug is contraindicated for hemophilia And atony , which is provoked by a deficiency of potassium ions or mechanical blockage of the intestines .

Side effects

The following side effects are possible: nausea, azotemia , vomit, heartburn , allergy . When intramuscular injections, there may be discomfort at the injection site and the appearance infiltrate (in isolated cases). But usually this remedy is well tolerated by most patients. If complications occur, the drug is canceled.

Application instruction of Calcium Pantothenate (Method and dosage)

Pantothenic acid is introduced intramuscularly or intravenously .

Adult patients are shown a dosage of 0.1-0.2 g. Injections do 2-4 times every day. For children 1-3 years old, 0.005-0.1 g of the drug can be administered at a time, from 3 to 14 years old - 0.1-0.2 g is administered. Injections do it 2 times a day.

For treatment dermatological diseases the drug is used in a daily dosage of 1.5 g for adult patients and 0.2-0.6 g for children 2-3 times daily.

When intestinal atony after surgical interventions, every 6 hours, adult patients are administered 0.3 g each. Depending on the characteristics of the disease, therapy can last up to two months.

Application instruction of Calcium Pantothenate parenterally reports that adult patients should be administered 1-2 times daily at a dosage of 0.2-0.4 g. At the age of 3 years, a single dose of 0.05-0.1 g is indicated, and for children from 3 to 14 years administered 1-2 times / day at a dosage of 0.1-0.2 g.

Adjust if necessary adverse reactions tuberculosis drugs pantothenic acid taken throughout the course of therapy.

When withdrawal syndrome in people suffering from alcoholism , administered at 0.5 g of a 10% solution per day in / m or / in. And when alcoholic delirium a 10% solution is used. Dosage - 1 g. The course of application is designed for 10 days.

Overdose

Data on overdose are not provided.

Interaction

This product should not be used earlier than 12 hours after being used. Prozerin And Ditilin .

Calcium Pantothenate improves energy supply contractile function myocardium and therapeutic effect cardiac glycosides . In addition, it reduces the toxic effect aminoglycosides , sulfonamides , drugs with arsenic And streptomycin antibiotics .

Terms of sale

The medicine can be sold in pharmacies without a prescription.

Storage conditions

Keep Calcium Pantothenate in a dry and sun-protected place.

Best before date

This product should be stored no longer than 1 year. You cannot use it after this period.

PANTOTHENIC ACID (VITAMIN B5)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Vitamin B5) is a water-soluble vitamin, sodoes not stay long in the body and requires constant replenishment of its reserves. Vitamin B5 in pure form was isolated in 1939 from the liver of mammals. Like other B vitamins, pantothenic acid is active substance necessary for every living organism. In 1940, it was possible to elucidate the chemical structure of pantothenic acid and carry out its synthesis in the form of a calcium salt (calcium pantothenate). The formula of pantothenic acid is C 9 H 17 0 5 N.

Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in natural foods of animal and vegetable origin, and therefore its name comes from the Greek word "pantos", which means "omnipresent". Pantothenic acid is found in all animal and plant tissues, predominantly in the bound form, but also occurs in the free form.

The empirical formula of the compound is C 9 H17N O 5

Despite the ubiquity of pantothenic acid in nature, a person may experience a lack of a substance. The abundance of white bread, semi-finished products, chips, canned foods and the lack of fresh vegetables, fruits, meat products in the diet leads to the fact that vitamin B5 practically does not enter the body, as a result, hypovitaminosis occurs.

Due to the deficiency of the compound, metabolism first of all suffers, digestion worsens, and the immune-protective function decreases. A person becomes susceptible to inflammatory processes - SARS. This is due to the fact that Pantothenic acid and the coenzyme A synthesized with its participation is involved in many processes: in the oxidation of fatty acids and carbohydrates, in the synthesis of amino acids, fatty acids, ketones, cholesterol, phospholipids, steroid hormones, neurotransmitters (for example, acetylcholine) and antibodies

In order for pantothenic acid to be preserved in the maximum amount in dishes, you should refuse to use frozen, canned foods, foods with a long shelf life that include vinegar essence, and also cook in the most gentle mode: over low heat, extremely quickly under a closed lid.

PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Vitamin B5- a viscous substance of light yellow color with a melting point of 80 degrees. The compound dissolves well in acetic acid, water, ethyl, poorly - in ether, amyl alcohol, organic solvents. Calcium pantothenate, reacting with water, forms colorless crystalline salts: calcium, sodium. Vitamin B5 is thermolabile. It is especially unstable when heated in alkalis and acids, hydrolyzing with the release of lactone a,g-dioxy-b, pantolactone, b-alanine through the amide bond. In neutral solutions, calcium pantothenate and its salts are relatively stable.

Amide - pantothenamid, pantothenol - produced by B5, are formed in the process of replacing the carboxyl group with an alcohol one. The latter compound has a high vitamin activity for animals, as a result, it acts as an acid antagonist for a group of microorganisms.

Another, no less valuable, substance in wildlife is pantetheine, obtained by the interaction of calcium pantothenate with b-mercaptoethylamine (cysteamine). When oxidized, it is processed into disulfite - pantethine. The bioproduct of pantothenic acid is part of coenzyme A.

METABOLISM OF VITAMIN B5

Every day, the intestinal microflora of a healthy body synthesizes 3.4 milligrams of vitamin B5. After food intake, pantothenic acid is absorbed by diffusion directly from the intestine into the blood, tissues, where it is subsequently captured by red blood cells and actively transformed into coenzyme forms - coenzyme-A and phosphopanthothein. The rest of the substance circulates in the body in a free state. The catabolism of organic compounds of non-protein nature is based on their hydrolysis, while the "waste" calcium pantothenate and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Vitamin B5 is sensitive to heat, heat treatment of foods rich in a useful compound leads to a loss of 50% of the substance. It is destroyed not only under the influence of dry heat (grill, oven), but also as a result of exposure to solutions of acids, alkalis, which are used in the processing of food products, for example, during canning, freezing.

It is important to remember that pantothenic acid is found in food exclusively in protein form and is released with the help of enzymes.

VALUE OF VITAMIN B5

Pantothenic acid is involved in protein, fat, carbohydrate metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, the synthesis of a number of hormones, hemoglobin, promotes the absorption of amino acids and sugars in the intestine, supports the function of the adrenal cortex. A lack of pantothenic acid can lead to damage to the skin and mucous membranes.

Vitamin B5 is a structural component of the key substance of metabolism - coenzyme A, which is involved in the course of all types of metabolism - protein, lipid, carbohydrate, in the synthesis of hemoglobin, choline, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, corticosteroids, hormones of the adrenal cortex and in the processes of detoxification of the body by transferring acyl residues.

Given the fact that inside our body, vitamin B5 and its derivatives interact with a large number of substances, it is impossible to list them completely. However, in order to verify the significance of the connection, consider the most significant of them. These are cholesterol, acetylcholine, fats, fatty acids, histamine, hemoglobin, amino acids, carbohydrates.

Participating in the synthesis and metabolic processes of such a variety of substances, for the proper functioning of all systems, internal organs it is important to ensure a regular supply of calcium pantothenate in sufficient quantities.

Consider why the body needs vitamin B5.

The activity of the adrenal glands. Scientists have proven that the cortex of these organs is the most efficient gland in humans, which is capable of producing hormones for six hours a day, but for this it needs significant reserves of calcium pantothenate to fight pathogenic microbes and increased psycho-emotional stress. First of all , acid is involved in the synthesis of hormones of the endocrine glands. At the stage of formation, all glucocorticoids are associated with coenzyme A, and one way or another, their production in sufficient quantities is a reliable prevention of the onset of allergies, colitis, arthritis, heart disease. Vitamin B5 has an anti-inflammatory effect. Participating in the course of metabolic processes in the adrenal cortex, it synthesizes glucocorticoids, which "turn on" the body's defense reaction in the event of the introduction of foreign microorganisms.
Synthesis of fatty acids. As you know, these monobasic carboxylic substances are necessary for the connection of fats and the normal functioning of the brain. As a result, vitamin B5 normalizes metabolism and activates the mental activity of a person. As a side effect, the deposition of fats in the body is regulated. Therefore, pantothenic acid is an essential vitamin for weight loss and elimination of metabolic problems.
The work of the nervous system. Calcium pantothenate is involved in the synthesis of mediators, hormones, neurotransmitters that ensure the proper development of the nervous system in children, adolescents, and adults. Daily intake of 5 milligrams of vitamin B5 prevents the onset of Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia. One of the most important reactions that occurs with the participation of pantothenic acid in the body human - the conversion of choline to acetylcholine, with the help of which the connecting signals (impulses from the sense organs) pass, which explains the high concentration of the beneficial compound in the brain cells.
Maintaining immunity. Unlike vitamins A and E, which fight against free radicals, bacteria, viruses, activating the protective function of the body, biological role pantothenic acid is the synthesis of antibodies. B5 deficiency leads to a sharp decrease in the number of immunoglobulins, as a result, a person becomes most vulnerable to the harmful effects of pathogens from the outside.
Normalization of cholesterol metabolism. Calcium pantothenate inhibits the process of plaque clogging of arteries by regulating the synthesis of fatty acids. Thanks to this property, vitamin B5 is a natural “drug” that effectively fights atherosclerosis.
Energy production. Pantothenic acid starts the process of lipolysis in the body - the release of triglycerides from fat cells with their subsequent burning. The course of these procedures is accompanied by the production of additional energy, which is needed during intense physical exertion and increased mental work.
Promotes rapid healing of wounds, tissue renewal, restoration of the barrier properties of the mucous membranes.
Removes depressive disorders, forgetfulness, absent-mindedness, doubts.
Prevents side effects from antibiotics.
Reduces pain in rheumatoid arthritis.

In addition, pantothenic acid is needed to maintain healthy skin and hair. It prevents the formation of wrinkles, premature appearance of age spots, and restrains early gray hair. By participating in the synthesis of corticosteroids and hemoglobin, B5 has a positive effect on the fight against stress.

Calcium pantothenate is the only vitamin that can be absorbed through the skin, thanks to this property, the substance is used in the production of anti-burn drugs, cosmetics.

Thus, it is extremely difficult to overestimate the positive properties of organic matter, since the slightest flaw will immediately hit the work of almost all organs and systems.

HYPOVITAMINOSIS OF VITAMIN B5

Consider the sequence of symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency.

Fatigue, fatigue. The reason for the appearance of these reactions is that calcium pantothenate is consumed at the highest rate in the muscles, and the lack of connection in the muscles leads to a drop in the performance of the body as a whole.
Nervous disorders. First of all, hypovitaminosis leads to sleep disturbance. Further, as a result of chronic lack of sleep, the work of the central nervous system worsens, psycho-emotional overstrain occurs, burning in the toes, and depression develops.
Headaches, muscle pains. Especially often, athletes experience pain in the muscles, with a deficiency of B5. This phenomenon occurs as a result of a violation of metabolic processes that lead to the complete utilization of lactic acid. As a result, the athlete experiences muscle pain, feels tired like after a hard marathon.
Deterioration of the condition of the skin (the appearance of dermatitis, seborrhea, eczema), hair loss, growth retardation and fragility of the nail plate.
Digestive disorders. At the first stages, the characteristic symptoms of hypovitaminosis of pantothenic acid in the human body are lack of appetite and nausea, if the lack of an organic compound is not compensated for, chronic indigestion of food develops, the constant occurrence of diarrhea, constipation, peptic ulcer, gastritis and cholecystitis.
"Burning" attacks of pain in the legs at night (not cramps), accompanied by a sharp reddening of the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe feet.
Metabolic disorders that lead to an imbalance in the hormonal background of women. These problems are especially dangerous during menopause, as they can cause not only sudden changes in pressure, but also ataxia.
Slowdown (rarely - stop) growth in adolescents, weight loss.
Exhaustion caused by indigestion, constant fatigue.
Weakening immune system susceptibility to acute respiratory infections.
Kidney dysfunction associated with improper production various hormones. As a rule, problems with urinary organs occur extremely rarely, in the advanced stages of hypovitaminosis.
Diseases of the heart, blood vessels, caused by a violation of the synthesis of glucocorticoids, cholesterol. Clogged arteries lead to the development of atherosclerosis.
Visual disturbances (in some cases, the onset of blindness).

During the Second World War, among the prisoners of war staying in Japanese camps, there was a widespread syndrome of "burning in the feet", which arose as a result of a severe violation healthy eating. In addition, pantothenic acid deficiency in soldiers was accompanied by a violation mental activity, central scotoma, pallor of the nipples of the optic nerves, blurred vision. At the same time, the inclusion in the diet of 30 milligrams of a mixture of B vitamins eliminated these phenomena, saved patients from glossitis, stomatitis, diseases of the cornea, sclera, and conjunctivitis.

FACTORS THAT CAUSE B5 DEFICIENCY

Consider the reasons why the body begins to experience a deficiency of a substance.

Prolonged use of sulfonamides, antibiotics. These drugs block the synthesis of active derivatives from vitamin B5. As a result, even with an abundance of pantothenic acid in food, the body may be deficient in the compound.
Lack of proteins, fats in the daily menu. The intake of proteins, triglycerides accelerates and facilitates the absorption of calcium pantothenate. Therefore, for men, women, and children who follow a vegetarian and raw food diet, care must be taken in shaping their diet to prevent the compound from not being absorbed.
Lack of vitamins B1, B2, C, which are actively involved in the synthesis of panthein and coenzyme-A.
Digestive disorders (impaired absorption of food) - malabsorption syndrome. In the case of the development of this disease, food with a high content of useful organic compounds passes through the body in transit (non-absorption of nutrients from food).

Deficiency of pantothenic acid leads to the occurrence of diseases of the blood, skin, nails, ulcers duodenum, hypoglycemia.

Given the fact that vitamin B5 is found in many products of plant and animal origin, deficiency of the compound in the human body is a rare occurrence, which, in most cases, occurs due to an unbalanced diet or under the influence of factors that contribute to the neutralization or non-absorption beneficial substance.

Hypervitaminosis B5 is more common. An excess of the compound is non-toxic to humans. A single intravenous injection of 500 milligrams of calcium pantothenate does not cause side effects from the body. IN rare cases there is dehydration, insomnia, agitation, increased heart rate, headache, nausea.

THE NEED OF THE BODY FOR PANTOTENIC ACID

Physiological needs for pantothenic acid according to Guidelines MP 2.3.1.2432-08 on the norms of physiological needs for energy and nutrients for various groups of the population of the Russian Federation:

The upper acceptable intake level has not been established.
The physiological need for adults is 5 mg / day (introduced for the first time).
The physiological need for children is from 1.0 to 5.0 mg / day (introduced for the first time).

	Age	Daily requirement for vitamin B5, (mg)
Infants	0 - 3 months
	4 - 6 months
	7 - 12 months
Children from 1 year to 11 years	1 — 3
	3 — 7
	7 — 11
Men (boys, youths)	11 — 14
	14 — 18
	> 18
Women (girls, girls)	11 — 14
	14 — 18
	> 18
	pregnant
	lactating

An additional intake of calcium pantothenate is prescribed in the following cases:

with infectious diseases;
consumption of low-calorie foods;
in the postoperative period;
during stress;
people of retirement age (over 55 years);
with polyneuritis, neuralgia, bronchial asthma, disorders of the central nervous system, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
to improve the condition of nails, hair, skin;
during antibiotic use.

Only the attending physician will be able to determine the required daily dose of the compound.

In the case of progression of dermatological diseases, one of the fundamental drugs of treatment is pantothenic acid, which is prescribed in a dose significantly exceeding daily allowance for a healthy person (up to 1500 milligrams per day).

To combat acne, the dosage of B5 increases to an impressive amount - up to 10,000 units per day.

SOURCES OF VITAMIN

Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in food products, which ensures its constant intake with food. Some foods (eg liver, egg yolk) contain pantothenic acid in very high amounts (Table 1).

Table 1. The content of pantothenic acid in foods
Animal Products		Herbal products
cow's milk		oranges
Cheese		green beans
Egg	1 400-2 700	soy beans	1 500
Chicken egg yolk	7 000	dried peas	2 800
chicken meat		Melon
Veal	1 500	strawberries
Calf's liver	4 500	peanuts	2 500-4 500
Calf kidneys	1 500	Cauliflower	1 000
Beef		Potato
Cattle liver	7 600-9 200	Onion
Cattle heart	2 000-6 000	dried onion	1 050
kidneys	4 000	Carrot
Mutton		Oats, refined grain	2 500
Pork	1 000	Oat flakes	1 300-1 600
pork liver	7 000	Wheat	1 300
Pork kidneys	3 600	Wheat flour	200-350
Ham		rice bran	3 000
Navaga		Rice, whole grain

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) was discovered in 1933 by scientist Roger Williams.

Pantothenic acid gets its name from the Greek word pantothene, which means "everywhere", due to its extremely wide distribution in the tissues of plants, animals and microorganisms.

Vitamin B5 is a water-soluble vitamin, the main role of which is participation in the process of energy production by the cell.

Pantothenic acid, entering the body, turns into pantethine, which is part of coenzyme A, which plays an important role in the processes of oxidation and acetylation (calorificator). Coenzyme A is one of the few substances in the body involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Vitamin B5 is necessary for the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, amino acids, the synthesis of vital fatty acids, cholesterol, histamine, acetylcholine, hemoglobin.

Physico-chemical properties of vitamin B5

Also, vitamin B5, like other vitamins of this group, is produced in significant quantities in the body by Escherichia coli.

Daily requirement for vitamin B5

The recommended daily requirement for vitamin B5 is 4-7 mg. The need increases with heavy physical exertion, as well as in lactating women (up to 8 mg per day). Vitamin B5 has shown its effectiveness in large doses (up to 10 g per day) in the treatment of acne (acne).

Daily intake of vitamin B5 for children:

From 0 to 6 months - 2 mg;
From 6 months to 1 year - 3 mg;
From 1 year to 3 years - 3-4 mg;
From 7 to 10 years - 4-5 mg.

The most important property of vitamin B5 is its ability to stimulate the production of adrenal hormones - glucocorticoids, which makes it a powerful tool for the treatment of diseases such as arthritis, colitis, allergies and heart disease.

It plays an important role in the formation of antibodies that help strengthen the immune system, promotes the absorption of other vitamins, and also takes part in the synthesis of neurotransmitters (calorizator).

Normalizes oxidative and reduction processes, ensures normal brain activity. Also, this miracle vitamin slows down aging and prolongs life.

Calcium pantothenate is used in the complex therapy of withdrawal symptoms in patients with alcoholism.

Vitamin B5 is widely used in medicinal purposes. How medicinal product used in the recovery of the body after surgery, in the treatment of eczema, burns, bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, disruption circulatory system, diseases of the liver, stomach, intestines.

The harmful properties of vitamin B5

Symptoms of intoxication of the body were not identified. Vitamin B5 is completely safe and non-toxic.

Vitamin B5 absorption

Vitamin B5 is absorbed in the small intestine. The absorption mechanism is active transport. Vitamin B5, getting into the blood, is partially captured by red blood cells and transformed into coenzyme A, the rest circulates in a free state. Vitamin is distributed to all tissues, where it is also used for the synthesis of coenzyme A. Its excretion is carried out mainly through the kidneys.

Vitamin deficiency can be caused by a low content of proteins, fats, vitamins in food, diseases of the small intestine with malabsorption syndrome, as well as long-term use of many antibiotics and sulfonamides.

Symptoms of hypovitaminosis:

fatigue;
depression;
sleep disorder;
increased fatigue;
headaches;
nausea;
muscle pain;
burning, tingling, numbness of the toes;
burning, excruciating pain in lower limbs, mostly at night;
redness of the skin of the feet;
dyspeptic disorders;
duodenal ulcers.

With pantothene deficiency, the body's resistance to infection decreases, and acute respiratory diseases often occur.

Too much vitamin B5 in the body

An overdose of vitamin B5 is observed in rare cases, with increased individual intolerance to pantothenic acid. It does not pose a health hazard even in large quantities, as it is well tolerated and absorbed in the body (kalorizator). Overdose symptoms are expressed by an unpleasant burning sensation in the stomach.

Friendship with provitamin B 5 allows you to avoid many problems and eliminate existing problems. So let's get to know our friend better.

What is it in general such - vitamins and provitamins?
vitamins - these are substances of organic origin, small amounts of which, being necessary for the normal existence of the mammalian organism, are not produced in the organism itself or are produced in insufficient quantities. As soon as the body is not able to form vitamins, it receives them from external environment mainly with food.
Provitamin - this is a substance that, after certain chemical transformations in the human body, becomes a full-fledged vitamin.

Obviously, provitamin B 5 is converted into vitamin B 5 .
What is vitamin B 5, what is it for and where does it come from?
Mankind met with vitamin B 5 back in 1931 - the substance was discovered by Roger J. Williams, who studied the factors that contribute to the growth of microbes. Scientists have long found out which foods contain vitamin B 5 , and were surprised to find that in one quantity or another it is present almost everywhere. Given this fact, in 1933 Williams and Saunders, who actively collaborated with him, logically named the substance pantothenic acid, using the Greek root pantoú in the name, meaning "everywhere, everywhere."
Pantothenic acid is actively involved in the processes of energy formation. It is almost impossible to detect a biochemical process in the human body that does without pantothenic acid. This substance, as we have already said, is present in many foods (meat, cereals, greens, vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes), and with a normal diet, its deficiency is almost impossible. Problems arise when there are diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with malabsorption, when certain drugs have been taken for a long time (especially antibacterial agents), when the culinary processing of consumed products involves prolonged heating, freezing, canning, etc.
Now let's pay attention to four fundamental points directly related to the topic of our article.
1. When the researchers tried to find out what vitamin B 5 deficiency leads to, and began to feed chickens with foods that lacked pantothenic acid, skin problems were the first to appear. But chicken dermatitis disappeared very quickly after the addition of pantothenic acid, so at a certain historical stage of the study, vitamin B 5 was even called the "anti-dermatitis factor."
2. It turned out that pantothenic acid is absorbed from the surface of the skin. And for the treatment / prevention of skin diseases, this particular method of delivering the vitamin to the body was recognized as optimal. This feature of the substance is most relevant in childhood, since absorption through the skin in children is much more intense compared to adults.
3. Provitamin B 5 - a substance known as dexpanthenol. When ingested (and it does not matter which way - when taken orally or through the surface of the skin), dexpanthenol very quickly turns into pantothenic acid.
4. Dexpanthenol is absorbed from the skin surface much faster than pantothenic acid, and after absorption it becomes pantothenic acid also very, very quickly. That is why it is dexpanthenol, and not pantothenic acid, that is used worldwide for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases using topical preparations (i.e., those that are applied directly to the skin and mucous membranes).

How does provitamin B 5 work? The answer to this question is both easy and difficult at the same time.
It is difficult because the mechanism of action of dexpanthenol, firstly, is not fully understood and continues to be studied, and, secondly, it is almost impossible to describe it. in simple terms- the most accessible phrase in scientific articles sounds something like this: "... dexpanthenol interacts with lipid segments of extracellular lamellae and protein residues in the stratum corneum and thus compensates for the decrease in hydration by maintaining / increasing molecular fluidity ...".
What then is easy? It is easy to tell what real, obvious consequences the use of topical preparations of dexpanthenol (ointments, creams, gels, etc.) leads to.

So, there are three main effects of provitamin B 5:
1-2. Moisturizing the skin and improving its barrier function (i.e., the ability to withstand unwanted external influences - mechanical damage, the effects of household chemicals, urine, etc.). It is these 2 effects that underlie the prophylactic use of dexpanthenol.
3. Significant activation of skin healing processes, and accelerated recovery is observed both with superficial and deep injuries, regardless of their root cause. Thus, provitamin B 5 is active both in mechanical damage to the skin, and in burns (thermal and chemical), and in inflammatory processes that have arisen against the background of diseases of an infectious and allergic nature. Obviously, the ability of dexpanthenol to stimulate the healing of damaged skin underlies its therapeutic use.

Let's summarize.
Provitamin B 5 (dexpanthenol), especially given its activity and safety, is an indispensable assistant in child care. Preventive use preparations based on it (primarily ointments) allows you to maintain skin moisture at an optimal level, reduces the likelihood of irritation, diaper dermatitis, diaper rash. Wherein the best choice there will be an ointment that does not contain any dyes or preservatives.
Any, even minor skin damage - dryness, cracks, mechanical damage, irritation associated with exposure to feces, urine, saliva, manifestations of atopic dermatitis, sunburn and much more - all these are conditions in which the therapeutic use of provitamin B 5 is justified , expedient and highly recommended by pediatricians around the world.
Medical science recommends and doctors in civilized countries have been using dexpanthenol for preventive skin care and therapeutic effects on it for more than 70 years!
Efficiency, practically complete absence side effects, a huge range of conditions in which provitamin B 5 is clearly needed - all this makes the drug based on dexpanthenol an indispensable component of a home first aid kit.

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid or calcium pantothenate) is a water-soluble vitamin, its main beneficial features- help in the production of cellular energy.

What else is the benefit of vitamin B5? Pantothenic acid is involved in the processes of oxidation and acetylation, is involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, and in the production of porphyrins, corticosteroids, hormones of the adrenal cortex.

What is the benefit of pantothenic acid?

Pantothenic acid is involved in the formation of antibodies, improves the absorption of other vitamins by the body, stimulates the production of adrenal hormones, due to which the compound is used to treat and prevent colitis, arthritis, allergic conditions and diseases of the cardiovascular system. Vitamin contributes to the synthesis in the adrenal cortex of important substances of glucocorticoids, which help to eliminate any inflammatory processes, are responsible for the production of antibodies and the psycho-emotional state. The adrenal cortex is the most efficient of all the glands in the body. For full-fledged work, it needs large reserves of vitamin B5 in order to successfully cope with all problems: stress, inflammation and pathogens. It is also noteworthy that corticoids are more active than other compounds in promoting fat burning, so vitamin B5 indirectly affects weight and helps maintain a slender figure. Sometimes pantothenate is called the main vitamin of beauty and the architect of a slender figure.

Dosage of vitamin B5:

The recommended amount of vitamin B5 for adults is 10-20 mg. An increased dose of the vitamin is needed during active physical exertion, pregnancy and lactation. Also, people in the postoperative period, with severe infections, diseases and stress, need an increased dose of the vitamin.

An additional intake of vitamin B5 is prescribed in the following cases:

Vitamin B5, as a component of coenzyme A, takes part in the metabolism of fatty acids, proteins, and carbohydrates, and normalizes redox processes in the body. Therefore, it is important for the restoration and maintenance of all cellular tissues. Vitamin B5 synthesizes growth hormones, sex hormones, fatty acids, histamine, “good” cholesterol, hemoglobin and acetylcholine. It is the only vitamin that can be absorbed through the skin, which is why it is used in burn medicines and cosmetics.