Grippol instructions for use. Grippol plus - instructions for use

Grippol

Composition

1 dose (0.5 ml) of the Grippol vaccine contains:
Hemagglutinin of an epidemic strain of influenza type A (H1N1) - 5 μg;
Hemagglutinin epidemic strain of influenza type A (H3N2) - 5 mcg;
Hemagglutinin epidemic strain of influenza virus type B - 5 mcg;
Polyoxidonium - 500 mcg;
Additional ingredients, including preservative - thiomersal.

The Grippol vaccine is a highly purified preparation that does not contain impurities of non-virion origin. The antigenic composition of the drug changes every year (according to the epidemic situation and the recommendations of the World Health Organization).

pharmachologic effect

Grippol is a vaccine that promotes the formation of high specific immunity against influenza. Grippol is well tolerated by patients of various age categories.
After vaccination, the effect develops within 8-12 days, acquired immunity lasts up to 12 months.

In 75-92% of patients after vaccination, protective titers of antibodies to the influenza virus are determined.
Due to the Polyoxidonium, which is part of the Grippol preparation, an immunomodulatory substance, an increase in the immunogenicity and stability of antigens is noted, as a result of which a significant reduction in the dose of antigens (almost 3 times) becomes possible. Polyoxidonium, while correcting the immune status, also increases the body's resistance to other infectious diseases.

The pharmacokinetics of the drug Grippol is not presented.

Indications for use

Grippol is used as a means of preventing influenza in children older than 6 months and adults.
Vaccination is especially recommended for patients in whom influenza can lead to the development of serious complications, including patients over the age of 50 and young children, as well as people living in boarding schools, nursing homes and other similar institutions.
Vaccination with Grippol is also indicated for persons with chronic somatic diseases (due to a high risk of developing influenza complications), including diseases and developmental disorders nervous system, diseases of broncho-pulmonary and of cardio-vascular system, impaired renal function, diabetes, anemia, autoimmune and allergic diseases, as well as immunodeficiency (including HIV-positive patients).

Grippol vaccination may be recommended for persons at high risk of infection due to contact with a large number of people, including health workers, teachers, social workers.

Mode of application

The Grippol vaccine is intended for intramuscular administration. It is also possible to administer the drug deep subcutaneously. Intravenous administration of Grippol is strictly prohibited. As a rule, the Grippol vaccine is injected into the deltoid muscle (the upper third of the outer surface of the shoulder), it is recommended for young children to administer the vaccine into the anterior outer surface of the thigh.
Vaccination with Grippol is recommended annually in the autumn-winter period or at the beginning of an epidemic rise in influenza.
Vaccination is carried out in compliance with aseptic rules: before opening the ampoule, it is recommended to treat the ampoule knife and the neck of the ampoule with 70% ethyl alcohol, and the injection site is also treated with alcohol. Disposable syringes are used for vaccination. After opening the ampoule, the solution cannot be stored.

On the day of vaccination, the patient must be examined by a doctor: a general examination and measurement of body temperature is mandatory, if the temperature exceeds 37 degrees Celsius, vaccination is not carried out. It is forbidden to use the drug Grippol in case of damage to the integrity of the ampoule during storage, as well as if the color or transparency of the solution changes.
The dose of Grippol is determined by the doctor.
Children under 3 years of age are usually prescribed the introduction of 0.25 ml of Grippol solution twice with an interval of 4 weeks.
If a child was vaccinated with a similar vaccine last season, he is prescribed a single injection of 0.5 ml of Grippol solution.

Children over 3 years old, adolescents and adults, as a rule, are prescribed a single injection of 0.5 ml of Grippol solution.
Patients suffering from immunodeficiency are recommended to administer 0.5 ml of Grippol solution twice with an interval of 4 weeks.
Given the risk of developing anaphylactic reactions in the rooms where vaccination is carried out, there should be means of anti-shock therapy. After the introduction of the Grippol vaccine, the patient must be under the supervision of medical professionals for at least 30 minutes.

Side effects

Grippol is generally well tolerated by patients of all age groups. In isolated cases, after the administration of the Grippol vaccine, patients developed edema, skin hyperemia and soreness at the injection site. Also, in some cases, after vaccination, patients may develop weakness, headache and subfebrile temperature.
As a rule, undesirable effects resolved on their own within 1-2 days and did not require specific therapy.
Patients with hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug Grippol may develop systemic and local allergic reactions.

Contraindications

Grippol is not prescribed to patients with individual intolerance to the components of the vaccine, as well as allergic reactions to chicken protein.
Vaccination with Grippol is not recommended for patients with acute febrile conditions and exacerbation of chronic diseases (vaccination is allowed after the patient has completely recovered or a period of remission of a chronic disease has begun).

Pregnancy

The Grippol vaccine does not have a teratogenic and embryotoxic effect. The decision to vaccinate pregnant women is made by the doctor, taking into account the risk of infection and potential complications of influenza infection. It should be borne in mind that the safest vaccination is in the third and second trimester of pregnancy.
The lactation period is not a contraindication to vaccination with Grippol. After immunization, there is no need to interrupt breastfeeding.

drug interaction

Vaccination with Grippol can be carried out against the background of therapy for the underlying disease.
There are no contraindications to the use of the drug Grippol simultaneously with other vaccines (when using several vaccines at the same time, the contraindications of each should be taken into account, as well as the drugs should be injected into different parts of the body using different syringes).
It should be borne in mind that in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs, the effectiveness of the drug Grippol may decrease.

Overdose

Data on an overdose of the drug Grippol have been reported.

Release form

Grippol vaccine 0.5 ml (1 dose) in glass ampoules. In a carton box 1, 5 or 10 ampoules, enclosed in a polymer cell contour package, complete with an ampoule knife.
In a cardboard box with 1 ampoule, a disposable syringe is additionally enclosed.

Storage conditions

Grippol is valid for 1.5 years after release, if stored in the original packaging away from direct sunlight.
Transportation and storage of the drug should be carried out, adhering to the temperature regime from 2 to 6 degrees Celsius (if transportation takes less than 6 hours, a temperature regime of 15 to 25 degrees Celsius is allowed).
Do not freeze Grippol.

Active ingredients:

influenza A virus hemagglutinin (H1N1 strain), influenza A virus hemagglutinin (H3N2 strain), influenza B virus hemagglutinin, polyoxidonium

The authors

Links

• Official instructions for the drug Grippol.

Attention!
Description of the drug Grippol"on this page is a simplified and expanded version official instructions by application. Before purchasing or using the drug, you should consult your doctor and read the annotation approved by the manufacturer.
Information about the drug is provided for informational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to self-medication. Only a doctor can decide on the appointment of the drug, as well as determine the dose and methods of its use.

Influenza is one of the seasonal diseases that humanity faces every year. As a rule, such a disease is accompanied by a mass of unpleasant symptoms: high temperature, a feeling of aches all over the body, a severe headache, and so on.

However, the flu is not at all terrible for its main manifestations, but for the complications that it gives to many organ systems. Therefore, the annual holding is relevant. One of the drugs used to prevent the disease is the grafting composition Grippol.

Manufacturer, composition, release forms, and how they differ

Is approved in 1995. Over time, in addition to the classic version, specialists have also developed additional compositions, the differences of which can be read below.

classical

It is a colorless or slightly yellowish solution intended for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration.

Vaccine Grippol

It contains surface glycoproteins derived from purified influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and B viruses, as well as a water-soluble immunostimulant. The drug is used during vaccination, carried out in the autumn-winter period.

Plus

The composition of this solution contains hemagglutinin of influenza viruses type A (including H3N2 and H1N1) and B. The drug does not contain preservatives and live bacteria, therefore it can be used for vaccination of children from 6 months of age.

Vaccine Grippol Plus

A stable protective reaction from the immune system is formed approximately 8 to 12 days after the administration of the agent. The grafting composition is produced in glass ampoules.

Quadri

It is a quadrivalent, inactivated, subunit influenza vaccine intended for general population vaccination against influenza A and B.

Vaccine Grippol Quadrivalent

Unlike the previous versions, this type of the initial composition of Grippol passed laboratory research in 2016, which allows it to be classified as a new generation of drugs. This composition, like the previous ones, is available in the form of a solution for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration.

How does it work?

None of the Grippol vaccine options contain live organisms.. Therefore, the development of influenza after vaccination is excluded.

After entering the body, components that have a structure similar to pathogenic bacteria form a stable and long-term immune response to the influenza pathogen. The resulting effect lasts for 1 year. After the end of this period, the reaction of the body weakens, so re-vaccination is required.

When is the influenza vaccination given?

Influenza vaccination is seasonal. Since influenza appears on the territory of the Russian Federation in winter, vaccinations against this disease are given in the autumn-winter period. It is also allowed to hold an event on the eve of the influenza epidemic. Pre-vaccination is recommended.

If you have already become ill, there is no point in getting vaccinated. Such a measure is among the preventive, not curative, so it is unlikely to help you in the fight against the disease.

Official instructions for the use of vaccines Grippol

Grippol should be vaccinated annually. The solution is injected subcutaneously into the upper third of the shoulder or intramuscularly into the deltoid muscle.

For younger children, the drug is administered intramuscularly into the anterior outer surface of the thigh area. As for the dosage, the choice of the volume of the administered drug will depend on the age of the patient. Children who have previously been vaccinated and are aged 3 months to 6 years are given 1/2 dose (0.25 ml). If the child has not been previously vaccinated, 1/2 dose is administered twice, with an interval of 4 weeks.

Adult patients and children over 6 years of age are administered a full dose (0.5 ml) once, 1 time per year. If the patient has a secondary immunodeficiency, it is necessary to administer the drug according to the same scheme as for unvaccinated children aged 3 months to 6 years (0.25 ml twice with an interval of 4 weeks).

The opening of the ampoule with the inoculation solution must be carried out immediately before the administration of the drug. Storage of open ampoules is unacceptable. Also, do not use an expired medicine.

How long does the vaccine last?

The influenza vaccine Grippol, like any other analogues, is valid for 1 year. To maintain the protective effect, revaccination is required after 12 months.

Contraindications for use

Like any other medical product, the Grippol vaccine has a specific list of contraindications for use. Among them:

• on chicken protein and ingredients of the vaccination composition;
• exacerbation of a chronic disease;
• acute course of various ailments.

If the reason for the cancellation of the vaccine was a disease, the patient is vaccinated immediately after the patient has fully recovered. As for pregnancy and lactation, these conditions are not a clear contraindication for the procedure.

However, a doctor should still appoint a future or nursing mother to undergo vaccination, based on the individual characteristics of the woman's body.

Normal reaction and side effects of immunization

In most cases, vaccination is well tolerated by patients.

In some cases, some side effects may develop:

• up to 37.5 C;
• headache;
• nausea;
• allergic reaction (itching, rashes);
• hardening, swelling or redness of the skin at the injection site;
• weakness and drowsiness.

The listed symptoms are a normal reaction of the body to the administered drug, therefore they are not among the serious pathologies and usually disappear within 1-2 days.

If the symptoms begin to rapidly increase, and the patient's condition worsens, it is necessary to urgently seek help from a doctor. Self-medication in such situations can lead to detrimental consequences.

Price and analogues of influenza vaccine

The cost of the Grippol vaccine may vary. It all depends on the price policy of the seller, the range of related services and the reputation of the manufacturer.

Depending on the listed factors, the buyer can pay from 1200 to 1600 rubles for the vaccination composition. However, such figures are also not the final indicator. The price of the drug in different pharmacies may differ from the indicated amount.

If for any reason the use of the Grippol vaccine is not possible, it is allowed to use any other analogue that has an anti-influenza effect: Grippol Neo or Grippol Plus. So that the use of a synonym does not cause complications, the choice of an analogue should be carried out by the attending physician.

An independent choice of a drug that can replace the main composition is not allowed. In this case, due to a lack of professional knowledge, you can choose a composition that does not have the set of properties that are required in your particular case.

Should a child be vaccinated with Grippol: pros and cons

The flu vaccine is not included in the official calendar, so whether it is given to a child or not is a personal matter for each parent. On the one hand, your baby will receive reliable protection against the desired strain of influenza and will be spared from the development of dangerous complications.

There are some “buts” that usually scare parents away. These include a high likelihood of developing side effects, which are quite common in children.

Therefore, each parent must make a decision in a separate order, weighing all the pros and cons.

Related videos

Dr. Komarovsky on the feasibility of influenza vaccination:

The flu shot Grippol can be a reliable preventive and protective tool during the annual flu epidemic. Therefore, before you refuse the advice of a doctor to get vaccinated, you should think carefully.

Flu is susceptible to anyone during epidemics of this infectious disease. In addition to unpleasant symptoms, the disease is dangerous with consequences and complications. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to carry out routine vaccination with Grippol. This drug forms a stable immune defense against the disease and is equally easily tolerated by adult patients and children.

Learn more about the Grippol vaccine

The drug is produced by NPO Microgen, developed by the Institute of Immunology of the Ministry of Health. The composition of the influenzal plus vaccine includes influenza virus antigens and polyoxidonium. It improves the formation of the patient's immune response. This substance removes the toxicity of the drug, accelerates the process of synthesizing antibodies, phagocytes and T-killers.

It is a colorless liquid, sometimes with a yellowish tint. Container for the drug: ampoule or glass vial with a volume of 0.5 mg. The medicine is packaged in cardboard packs of 5, 10 pieces. It is possible to pack the product in an individual syringe.

The drug is well tolerated by all population groups and can be used by children from the age of six months. It is effective in developing immunity in people over 60 years of age. The drug develops strong immunity against influenza a week after vaccination and is effective for 12 months. At the same time, it has a small number of side effects for the body. After injection, antibodies are produced in 75-95% of patients.

Action on the body

The composition of Grippol includes antigens that are isolated from viruses of type A and B. They are grown on chicken embryos. The components of the drug are changed annually, in accordance with WHO epidemiological forecasts. Influenza vaccination helps to develop immune defense against the disease.

It is activated within 7-14 days after the injected injection. Immunity lasts up to 12 months, even in people with poor health, the elderly. The production of antigens to the influenza virus is formed in 75–95% of cases. The patient becomes more resistant due to improved immunity to other viruses.

Indications of the drug

The medicine is recommended for use by people working in healthcare and services, where they often come into contact with people, including those who have the flu. In addition, doctors recommend the use of Grippol for those patients who have weak immunity and often suffer from acute respiratory infections, colds.

Vaccination is necessary for those who suffer from diseases of the heart, blood vessels, respiratory system. The use of Grippol is recommended for patients with diagnosed diabetes, metabolic problems, different types anemia and kidney disease.

The influenza vaccine is used to prevent influenza in patients over the age of 6 years and teachers educational institutions. Application required medicinal product people over 60 years of age.

Vaccination scheme

Injections with medicine are done once a year (in autumn or winter), you can get an injection when the flu epidemic just begins.

Intramuscular injections are given under the skin or into the muscle of the shoulder. This method is recommended for vaccinating children older than 3 years, in adolescence, adult patients. Children under 3 years of age are vaccinated in the thigh. Inoculation of influenzal for children aged from six months to 35 months is given with a dosage of 0.25 ml 2 times. In this case, the interval between injections is 21–28 days.

For adults and children over 3 years old, a single dosage of 0.5 ml is used. If the child has not had the flu before and has not been vaccinated before, then the vaccine is administered to him 2 times, taking a break of 3 weeks between injections. In an immunodeficient state or after therapy aimed at reducing immune defense, the drug is administered into the body 2 times with a dosage of 0.5 ml. In this case, the interval between injections is 4 weeks.

It is forbidden to inject the vaccine intravenously. Vaccination must be done, observing antiseptic conditions. The flu vaccine is not stored opened, but disposed of.

Who should not be injected

Contraindications for the use of Grippol are absolute and relative. It is not recommended to use the drug in acute forms of chronic pathologies if the patient has a fever. Patients under six years of age are prohibited from using the medicine without a preservative.

An allergy to the ingredients of the drug, chicken protein, vaccinations with a similar composition is considered an absolute contraindication.

A relative contraindication is the presence of a viral disease, an intestinal infection. Vaccination during pregnancy is carried out with caution. In this case, the decision on the need for vaccination is made by the doctor, based on the course of pregnancy, the risk of contracting the virus and possible complications.

Vaccination rules

Before administration, the drug is warmed to room temperature. After that, the doctor shakes it, removes the cap from the syringe and removes excess air bubbles from it. Wherein medical worker holds the syringe vertically, lifting the needle up and gently presses the plunger of the syringe.

To vaccinate a child with a dosage of 0.25 ml, half of the drug is removed from the syringe, bringing its level to the appropriate risk. The remainder of the drug is administered to the patient. At autopsy and the vaccination itself, it is necessary to follow the rules of antiseptics. Therefore, the neck of the ampoule and the tool for opening the container are pre-treated with alcohol (70%).

After that, the glass container is opened. If the medicine is packaged in a vial, then the rubber cap is pierced with a needle and the liquid is drawn into a disposable sterile syringe. Excess air is also removed from the syringe before injection.

The injection site is pre-treated with cotton soaked in alcohol. The opened container with the remnants of the medicine is not stored. In the office there should be funds for quick assistance to the patient in case of anaphylactic shock. After the injection, the patient is observed for half an hour to reduce the risk of an allergic reaction.

Interaction with other drugs

The medicine is well combined with other medicines, except for BZhTs, and can be placed simultaneously with medicines. In some cases, doctors introduce Grippol into the basic therapy for influenza. If the patient has previously received immunosuppressive treatment, then the effectiveness of the vaccine may be lower. In cases where the drug is administered simultaneously with other medicines, vaccinations must be placed in different parts of the body and not mixed with each other.

Side effects

Sometimes an injection of Grippol may cause local reactions, such as weakness, slight fever, lethargy.

1. At the puncture site, the patient feels soreness, slight swelling, and a lump in the form of a lump.
2. The patient may feel a slight sore throat, migraine, rhinitis, as with a cold.
3. With allergies, the patient may manifest neuralgia, myalgia and other neurological syndromes.
4. For any symptoms, you should consult a doctor, but in general, the drug is a highly purified drug and is well tolerated by patients.
5. During the use of the vaccine, no cases of overdose have been recorded.

Nuances of use during pregnancy and lactation

The drug is non-toxic and easily tolerated by the patient's body. Whether or not to give a flu shot to a pregnant woman is decided by the doctor, after evaluating the following factors:

• The risk of contracting a virus
• The health status of the patient
• Possible complications from infection.

It is best to vaccinate during the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Influenza vaccination can also be given during lactation. Feeding is not a contraindication for Grippol injection.

Storage and dispensing from pharmacies

• The medicine is removed in a dark, cool place with a temperature of 2-8 degrees, inaccessible to children.
• The drug must not be frozen.
• The vaccine is stored for 12 months from the date of issue.
• Transportation medicinal product produced in light-tight containers.
• Its release is made only by prescription of the attending physician.

What not to do after vaccination

The first days after the injection of Grippol do not need to follow special restrictions and recommendations. After the introduction of this vaccine, you can wash, visit the sauna and bath, swim. The only thing is that this should not be done if the patient has a fever and is unwell. In these situations, water procedures are postponed until the patient's condition returns to normal.

You should be careful at this time of drafts and hypothermia. It is better if a person after vaccination does not catch a cold and does not get sick with ARVI, flu within 14 days. During this time, strong immunity is formed. Local reactions, for example, pain at the puncture site, seals disappear on their own in 3 days. But it is better not to rub the grafting site, do not apply pressure and do not moisten with water. This will save you from unwanted consequences.

Adult patients need to avoid taking alcoholic beverages for several days so as not to increase the load on the liver. Alcohol negatively affects the formation of immune defenses and increases the risk of allergies.

Doctors' opinion

Many doctors note the price of Grippol (about 120-130 rubles) and note the general availability for the population. You can get an injection with them at any hospital. It is also possible to independently purchase in pharmacies by prescription of the attending physician.

The Grippol vaccine is no worse than modern imported analogues. It is cheap and well tolerated by patients, as confirmed by a number of medical studies. But if a person has a tendency to allergies and is little in crowded places, then it is better not to vaccinate.

Influenza vaccination: pros and cons

This procedure has many defenders and opponents. What do both sides say about vaccination? Proponents say that after the injection, people get sick less, tolerate diseases more easily and have virtually no complications after the disease. In their opinion, even if a vaccinated patient falls ill, he will more easily endure the disease, and immunity will quickly normalize his health. Vaccine opponents point out that all anti-flu drugs have a number of side effects that are similar to the clinical symptoms of influenza, which causes discomfort to a person.

Grippol is a new generation vaccine with a combined composition for annual preventive immunization against seasonal influenza. It was developed at the Institute of Immunology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and is produced by the Russian company Microgen (not to be confused with Grippol Plus produced by NPO Petrovax Pharm, which is more widely sold). It can be used for vaccinations in children older than 6 months and in adults without age restrictions.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, Grippol is used for mandatory vaccination of those categories of the population who need vaccination, and is also supplied to pharmacy chains for sale and commercial use.

According to the results of studies and data on the course of vaccinations, Grippol is effective for the prevention of influenza in all categories of the population and, if the instructions are followed, is quite safe. When used, it may cause side effects, but their frequency and strength is small, and therefore the vaccine is recommended even for vaccinations in infants. Instructions for the use of Grippol provide for its safe use even for children who have never been vaccinated before, but they are vaccinated according to a special method.

To date, more than 54 million people have been vaccinated with the Grippol vaccine.

Composition of Grippol (including in 2015 and 2016)

The composition of Grippol is based on the antigens of those influenza strains that, according to WHO recommendations, will be the most safe at the end of this year and the beginning of next year.

In 2016, the vaccine contains as main components:

1. Influenza virus A H1N1 hemagglutinin - 5 mcg;
2. Influenza virus A H3N2 hemagglutinin - 5 mcg;
3. Influenza B virus hemagglutinin - 5 mcg.

All vaccine antigens are produced by the Dutch pharmaceutical company Abbott Biologicals B.V. Their relevance meets the requirements of WHO, and therefore the vaccine in 2016 and early 2017 allows you to form immunity to precisely those types of influenza that most often cause epidemics.

In 2015, the composition of Grippol was similar, but the influenza virus strains presented were different.

The amount of antigens in the vaccine is three times lower than recommended by WHO. For this reason, the effectiveness of Grippol is considered to be lower than the effectiveness of vaccines produced in Europe. However, this amount is accepted as the norm for all vaccines produced in the Russian Federation, and therefore Grippol is used as part of the state vaccination program.

The protrusions on the surface of the viral particle are proteins that perform the functions of recognition and attachment to the cell. For each subtype and strain of the virus, they are specific and they are in the vaccine.

Additionally, the composition of the vaccine includes polyoxidonium 500 (immunostimulant), water and preservative merthiolate.

The manufacturer emphasizes that, in fact, Grippol contains three times less viral antigens than vaccines from other manufacturers, which theoretically provides less allergenicity of the drug and its greater safety. The antigenic composition itself changes every year according to WHO recommendations and epidemiological data directly in the Russian Federation. This allows you to maintain the relevance of the vaccine, and vaccination with it is likely to be reliable protection from influenza in a particular epidemiological season.

Vaccine effectiveness

Studies show that antibodies to subtypes and strains of influenza, the antigens of which are contained in the vaccine, are formed in sufficient quantities to prevent the disease in 75-92% of vaccinated people. In the rest of the vaccinated, antibody titers for various reasons may be below the norms considered sufficient to protect against influenza.

The developer claims that the polyoxidonium immunostimulant provides a faster and stronger immune response to antigens from the vaccine. Hypothetically, this makes it possible to increase its effectiveness and reduce the amount of antigens themselves. Thus, the mass of hemagglutinins in Grippol is three times lower than in other similar vaccines. This, in turn, is designed to reduce the frequency and severity of allergic reactions after vaccination.

Immunity to strains of the influenza virus from the vaccine is formed on days 8-12, reaches its peak strength approximately 4-5 months after vaccination and lasts for 1 year. Some people the immune system keeps it for a longer period, but in most cases, in the epidemiological season of the next year, the vaccinated are no longer protected from new strains of the virus.

In the same time

Indications for vaccination

Grippol vaccination is indicated for all people who are more likely to develop influenza than the general population. In addition, representatives of professions in the field of service and work with children are subject to mandatory vaccination.

The most important flu shots are:

• Children aged 0.5 to 5 years;
• Children with grade 2-3 adenoids (with the flu, they are more likely to develop bronchitis or pneumonia);
• People of all ages with any chronic diseases: diabetes, bronchial asthma, blood diseases and cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, neurological diseases, and others;
• Patients with immunodeficiencies;
• Teachers, educators, service personnel in children's educational and educational institutions;
• Doctors;
• Employees in the field of trade and transport;
• Patients who need to take aspirin regularly (this remedy can be very dangerous with the flu);
• People who often suffer from acute respiratory infections.

In all of them, the flu is very likely to become complicated, and therefore protection is required from it.

In children, more often than in adults, influenza is complicated by diseases of the bronchi and lungs. Since the severity of such complications is very high, and treatment is difficult, it is easier to protect the child from the flu itself.

It is also important to understand that if there is at least one person in the family who needs vaccination, it is highly desirable to vaccinate all family members - in this case, the risk of infection will be minimal. Moreover, if necessary, save one dose of the vaccine can be divided between two family members - the effect is likely to be similar to vaccinating with a normal dose.

Forms of release and price of funds

Grippol is sold either in ampoules or already in 0.5 ml syringes. In the package they can be 1, 5 or 10 pieces. The seller is obliged to provide the buyer with a certificate for each purchased dose of the drug, since without a certificate in the treatment room of the clinic they are not allowed to administer the vaccine.

The price of one Grippol ampoule is 220 rubles, you can buy it in most pharmacies both in Moscow and in other large cities of the Russian Federation. Including Grippol is imported to Ukraine and other CIS countries.

Instructions for use Grippol

The optimal time for vaccination with Grippol is the beginning of autumn, even before the epidemic rise. It is advisable to get vaccinated until the end of December inclusive - in this case, a person will meet the peak of the flu season already with immunity.

The Grippol ampoule is opened by grabbing its neck with a cotton swab and breaking it off with your fingers. Then the drug is drawn into a syringe, the air is removed from it and an injection is made into the deltoid muscle (just below the shoulder) for adults or into the thigh for preschool children.

The injection itself is virtually painless.

According to the instructions, the vaccine can also be administered deep subcutaneously, but this is rarely done.

Do not administer Grippol intravenously.

Grippol should not be stored after opening the ampoule.

If the child has never been vaccinated at all before, he should be given a single half dose (0.25 ml), and then repeat the vaccination with a half dose after 4 weeks. Since it is impossible to store the vaccine during this time, so that half the dose is not lost, it can be vaccinated with one of the relatives or another familiar child. The next vaccination will also need to be done in half.

If a child has already been vaccinated against the flu before (even if it was last year, or, for example, two years ago), he can be vaccinated with a full dose.

The instructions for use provide for a special vaccination regimen for patients with immunodeficiencies: they are given a full dose of the vaccine twice with an interval of 1 month. In such cases, all procedures must be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician.

After the introduction of the vaccine, a person should be under the supervision of a doctor for at least half an hour. For those who are vaccinated for the first time, this is a prerequisite.

Contraindications to the use of the vaccine

Grippol should not be vaccinated if the patient is unwell. In particular, with a typical febrile condition, an ongoing ARVI or other infectious disease, exacerbation chronic disease it is forbidden to vaccinate - this can aggravate the patient's condition and not give the required preventive result. For this reason, before vaccination, it is necessary to undergo a mandatory examination by a therapist (for a child - by a pediatrician).

There is no urgency in the flu shot. If the pediatrician discovers any deviations from the normal physiological state of the child, it is better to postpone vaccination for a couple of weeks.

On a note

Grippol can be vaccinated no earlier than one month after complete recovery from any infectious disease. In this case, you can be sure that immunity has been restored and when influenza antigens enter the body, the immune system will normally produce all the necessary antibodies.

Also, the vaccine is contraindicated in people who have received this vaccine in the past and in whom it has caused allergic reactions. Its repeated introduction can cause an even stronger response of the body.

A few more contraindications for the use of the vaccine:

1. Intolerance to chicken protein (viruses for the preparation of the vaccine are cultivated on chicken embryos, and proteins from the nutrient medium are included in the preparation in small quantities);
2. Allergy in the acute stage.

Pregnancy and lactation are not contraindications for Grippol vaccination. Rather, on the contrary, it is more expedient for the mother to effective prevention to rule out the possibility of contracting the flu and passing it on to your baby. The timing and procedure for vaccination must be agreed with the doctor.

Simply put, healthy people with good health and no signs of intolerance to the vaccine itself are subject to Grippol vaccination.

Possible side effects from the use of Grippol

It is the side effects that most frighten parents who doubt whether to vaccinate their child or not.

A scandal that occurred in 2006 is known: the vaccine caused 68 cases of severe allergies among those vaccinated in different regions of the country. Symptoms included swelling of the larynx, shortness of breath, and palpitations. The manufacturer has recalled about 1 million doses of the vaccine.

In subsequent years, general allergic reactions occurred in isolated cases and, as a rule, were associated with intolerance to one or another vaccine component unknown before the moment of vaccination.

Of the unwanted side effects, the most common are:

• Redness of the skin at the injection site;
• Slight swelling of the tissues;
• Mild itching or soreness at the injection site.

Sufficiently large swelling on the thigh at the site of vaccination in a child

As a rule, these reactions pass within 2-3 days. Itching and pain can be eliminated by treating the injection site with any anesthetic ointment - Menovazin, any remedy with lidocaine.

Sometimes, after vaccination, the initial signs of SARS may develop - a runny nose, sore throat and head, malaise, fever up to 37.5 ° C (but not higher than the subfebrile level). These are not signs of a developing flu, but symptoms of inflammatory reactions launched by the body in response to antigens entering it, a kind of “false alarm” for insurance (the body does not know that it was not a virus that got into it, but only parts of this virus, and takes measures in advance against suspected infection). Within 1-2 days, these reactions fade away.

On a note

In principle, the Grippol vaccine is not capable of causing influenza, since it does not contain whole influenza virus particles, even inactivated ones. Grippol is a split vaccine, which is a solution of individual proteins of the shells of viral particles. These proteins, in principle, are not capable of infecting the body and leading to the development of the disease. Therefore, it is impossible to “catch” the flu from the vaccine itself.

Doctors strongly recommend yearly flu vaccinations. The epidemiological situation is becoming more and more alarming every year. The high-risk group includes the elderly, young children suffering from chronic respiratory diseases and persons with pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Grippol vaccine - inexpensive drug domestic production, which helps to create strong immunity against influenza viruses A and B. We learn from the instructions for use about the features of vaccination, possible side effects and interactions with drugs.

Grippol: a description of the vaccine

The drug was created at the Institute of Immunology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and has been approved for use since 1996. The vaccine is produced by the well-known Russian association NPO Microgen in the field of immunology. In Grippol, influenza virus antigens are combined with polyoxidonium, a substance that has a strong effect on the body's defenses. It also reduces drug toxicity, increases cell resistance and activates the formation of antibodies. Polyoxidonium stimulates the formation of the most important components of cellular immunity - phagocytes and T-killers.

Grippol is well tolerated by adults and children from the age of 6 months, as well as people over 60 years of age. With a minimum number of side effects, the drug creates effective protection against the influenza virus, strong immunity is developed after 7-12 days and lasts for a year.

After applying the vaccine, protective antibodies are found in 75-95% of vaccinated people.

The vaccine is given to people who are at increased risk of infection. The group of people who are recommended to be vaccinated includes:

• medical workers;
• service industry employees;
• often sick with colds and SARS;
• people with problems of the cardiovascular and bronchial-pulmonary systems;
• suffering from diabetes mellitus or metabolic pathologies;
• having immunodeficiency (congenital or acquired);
• people with chronic anemia and kidney disease;
• children over 6 years old;
• employees of educational institutions;
• people over 60;
• military personnel;

The composition of the drug

When creating the drug, the intracellular structures of the virus and the components of its envelope are used. This class of drugs belongs to split vaccines, they are distinguished by the optimal ratio of immunogenicity and reactogenicity. The composition of the Grippol vaccine includes:

• polyoxidonium;
• type A influenza virus hemagglutinin (strains H1N1 and H3N2);
• influenza type B hemagglutinin;
• additional excipients.

The suspension does not contain preservatives, and its main active ingredients (hemagglutinin) are produced in the Netherlands. Grippol is an inactivated vaccine and does not contain whole cell live virus. First, it is grown on chicken embryos, after which it is processed and purified, making it inactive.

Application features

Grippol is produced in 0.5 ml ampoules and syringes, which is one vaccination dose for adults and children over 3 years old. Usually, vaccination is carried out in the autumn-winter period, about a month before the arrival of the epidemic or at its very beginning. use intramuscular injection solution in the upper third of the arm or subcutaneous injection.

For children, Grippol is injected into the thigh, into the quadriceps muscle. At the age of 6 months to 3 years, half the adult dose is prescribed, the vaccine is used twice a year. Between injections should pass 21-28 days. If the child has already been vaccinated before, use a full ampoule with a single injection. People suffering from immunodeficiency are recommended to inject the suspension twice with a break of 3-4 weeks, 0.5 ml each.

For patients on immunosuppressive therapy, the vaccine may be less effective.

Before the procedure, a medical examination is mandatory and body temperature is measured. If it exceeds 37ºС, vaccination should be discarded. With the introduction of Grippol, it is recommended to use the following instructions:

1. The vaccine is used immediately after opening. Broken packaging with the drug can not be stored, they must be disposed of.
2. The ampoule or syringe with the solution is heated to a temperature of 20ºС.
3. The ampoule, cork and ampoule knife are disinfected with alcohol.
4. The solution is shaken, the package is opened, observing sterility.
5. If you need to enter only half the dose, the remaining solution is released to the appropriate mark.
6. Air is removed from the syringe, and the patient's skin is wiped with a cotton swab moistened with alcohol.

Instructions for use of the Grippol vaccine informs that the drug should be stored and transported in a refrigerator or a place protected from light at 2-8ºС. The solution must not be frozen, it becomes unsuitable for use. At temperatures up to 25ºС, ampoules and syringes are transported only in closed containers and no more than 6 hours.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of the vaccine are:

• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• fever and feverish conditions;
• allergies to chicken protein and other types of vaccines;
• acute diseases, infectious and non-infectious;
• sensitivity to the components of the drug.

At acute diseases gastrointestinal tract and mild forms of acute respiratory viral infections, the introduction of the vaccine is carried out when the patient's temperature returns to normal.

Side effects

Complications associated with the use of the drug are extremely rare. Sometimes, after a flu shot using Grippol, mild side effects appear that disappear without treatment after 1-2 days, these are:

• redness and slight swelling at the injection site;
• runny nose;
• general malaise, weakness;
• discomfort in the muscles;
• temperature increase (up to 38ºС);
• headache.

Such manifestations do not require treatment and are considered normal. Within 30 minutes after the introduction of the suspension, the vaccinated person should be closely monitored if acute allergic reactions occur. They appear quite rarely (in one case per 10 thousand vaccinated), as well as neurological disorders. In the office where the procedure is performed, there must be drugs for the rapid removal of anaphylactic symptoms and first aid.

Restrictions after vaccination

The period after vaccination with Grippol does not require special recommendations and restrictions. Water procedures are allowed. The only exception is if the patient has a fever and there is a slight malaise, it is better to postpone bathing until the condition normalizes. Accidental hypothermia is not dangerous, but it should be avoided for two weeks, until a strong protection against influenza is formed.

Swelling and soreness of the skin in the injection area usually disappear in 2-3 days. At this time, it is better not to wet the injection site and not subject it to mechanical stress, do not press or rub. Adults should limit alcohol consumption, as ethanol puts additional stress on the liver and negatively affects the immune system. Alcohol-containing drinks after the administration of the drug increase the risk of allergic reactions.

Interaction with other drugs

Grippol is used in conjunction with other inactivated vaccines, except for rabies and BCG. Inject drugs should be in different parts of the body, injections are done using separate syringes.

The effectiveness of the vaccine is reduced when it is used simultaneously with immunosuppressants and corticosteroids. Radiotherapy also has a negative impact on the formation of stable immunity from influenza.

Grippol and pregnancy

The drug has been used to vaccinate pregnant women since 2014, but the opinions of experts on this issue differ. Some doctors recommend getting a flu shot in the last two trimesters of pregnancy, others are suspicious of the vaccine and insist that there is still some risk.

Experimental studies have shown that Grippol does not have a teratogenic and embryotoxic effect, but possible side effects can affect the health of a woman and a child.

The safest time to get vaccinated is during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The doctor decides whether to vaccinate on an individual basis, taking into account the risk of exposure to the virus for the mother and the possible risks. Breastfeeding is not a contraindication, the flu shot can be done during lactation.

Influenza vaccination: pros and cons

Influenza vaccination has supporters and opponents, both of them give quite strong arguments. The former note a decrease in the incidence of diseases and a decrease in the risk of complications. Even if a vaccinated person catches the flu, they will endure it in a mild form and quickly restore health.

Opponents of vaccination remind that immediately after the administration of the drug, side effects may occur that are comparable in their effect on the body to the transfer viral infection in mild form. It is undesirable to get sick with the flu at this time, for example, in the midst of an epidemic.

The influenza virus is constantly changing its structure, it is impossible to guess which species will hit the population this year. The vaccine manufacturer constantly evaluates the epidemiological situation, monitors the most common strains and regularly updates the antigenic components of the drug.

The influenza vaccine Grippol is not inferior in quality to many imported analogues, it is an inexpensive drug with good tolerance. However, the decision whether to vaccinate should be made taking all factors into account. With frequent allergic reactions and a low probability of catching the virus, it is better to refrain from vaccination. If a person is constantly in contact with people, is at risk, it is better to play it safe and choose a vaccine.

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