Biseptol tablets. Biseptol Tablets: instructions, description PharmPrice Biseptol 960
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The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!
The drug Biseptol
Biseptol- it combination drug from the group of sulfonamides. It contains sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Biseptol is a drug with a wide spectrum of action. This is a bactericidal drug (it causes the death of microbial cells), but it does not apply to antibiotics. The action of the drug is due to the fact that it blocks the synthesis of folic acid, without which the microbial cell cannot divide. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim complement and reinforce each other in this mechanism.Biseptol is active against the following pathogens: staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus, proteus, E. coli, salmonella, pneumocystis, plasmodium, causative agent of leishmaniasis, meningococcus, vibrio cholerae, actinomycetes, klebsiella, chlamydia, causative agent of diphtheria, mushrooms.
The drug is ineffective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the causative agent of leptospirosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, spirochetes and viruses.
Biseptol also has an effect on microorganisms that are resistant to other sulfanilamide drugs.
Biseptol is rapidly and well absorbed from the stomach and reaches its maximum concentration in the blood 1-3 hours after ingestion. Therapeutic concentration of the drug is maintained up to 7 hours.
The drug penetrates well into biological fluids and tissues of the body: bile, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, prostate gland, kidneys, lungs. It is excreted from the body mainly with urine.
Release forms
Biseptol is available in the form of tablets, suspension and concentrate for injection: - 120 mg tablets (100 mg sulfamethoxazole and 20 mg trimethoprim);
- 480 mg tablets (400 mg sulfamethoxazole and 80 mg trimethoprim);
- Tablets "Bactrim forte" 960 mg (800 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim);
- Syrup (or suspension) - for oral administration 100 ml (in 1 ml - 40 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 8 mg of trimethoprim);
- Concentrate for solution for injection 480 mg (in 1 ml of concentrate - 80 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 16 mg of trimethoprim).
Instructions for use Biseptol
Indications for use
Biseptol is used to treat infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to this drug:- diseases respiratory tract(bronchitis in acute and chronic form; pneumonia; pleural empyema - purulent inflammation of the membranes of the lungs; abscess or abscess of the lung; bronchiectasis - expansion of the lumen of the bronchi due to the disease);
- ENT pathology (otitis media, or inflammation of the ear; sinusitis, or inflammation of the paranasal sinuses);
- intestinal infections (dysentery, paratyphoid A and B, cholera, typhoid fever);
- urinary tract infections (urethritis - inflammation of the urethra; prostatitis - inflammation of the prostate gland; pyelonephritis - inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney tissue itself; salpingitis - inflammation of the uterine appendages);
- gonorrhea (venereal disease);
- soft tissue and skin infections (pyoderma, or pustular skin lesions; acne; furuncle, or boil);
- meningitis (inflammation of the meninges) and abscess (abscess) of the brain;
- septicemia (a form of "infection" of the blood);
- infectious diseases: brucellosis, malaria, toxoplasmosis, borreliosis, scarlet fever;
- wound infections and osteomyelitis;
- prevention and treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected patients.
Contraindications
Biseptol is not used for treatment in such cases:- with severe cardiovascular insufficiency;
- with diseases of the hematopoietic organs;
- with severe renal failure;
- mothers when breastfeeding;
- with deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (hereditary disease);
- children under the age of 3 months and premature babies;
- at elevated level bilirubin in children;
- with hypersensitivity to the components that make up the drug, or to other sulfanilamide drugs.
With caution, Biseptol can be used if the patient has previously been allergic to other drugs; with bronchial asthma; patients with folic acid deficiency; with diseases of the thyroid gland; in early childhood and old age.
Treatment with Biseptol should be carried out under medical supervision and blood tests should be carefully monitored.
Side effects
Biseptol is usually well tolerated. But, like any drug, it can have side effects: - From the side of the digestive system: rare cases- diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting; in isolated cases - colitis (inflammation of the intestine); reactive inflammation of the liver with bile stasis - cholestatic hepatitis; glossitis - inflammation of the tongue; stomatitis - inflammation of the oral mucosa; pancreatitis - inflammation of the pancreas.
- From the side nervous system in some cases: dizziness, headache, depression, fine trembling of the fingers of the extremities.
- From the side of the kidneys in rare cases: an increase in the volume of urine, inflammation of the kidneys (nephritis), excretion of blood in the urine.
- On the part of the respiratory system: bronchospasm, cough, choking or a feeling of lack of air.
- On the part of the hematopoietic organs in isolated cases: a decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood, a decrease in the number of neutrophils (a type of leukocyte that protects the body from infections), a decrease in platelets (platelets involved in blood clotting), folic acid deficiency anemia.
- From the side skin: skin rash in the form of urticaria ; itching; in isolated cases - Lyell's syndrome and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (the most severe variants of allergic manifestations on the skin and mucous membranes with necrosis and rejection); angioedema (local or diffuse swelling of the subcutaneous tissue and mucous membranes); hypersensitivity to ultraviolet rays.
- There have been isolated cases of chills and fever after taking Biseptol (drug fever).
- Pain in joints and muscles.
- Thrombophlebitis (at the injection site).
- Decreased levels of potassium, sodium and blood sugar.
With prolonged use (more than 5 days) and with the use of higher dosages, as well as with the appearance of changes in the blood test during treatment, folic acid should be taken at 5-10 mg per day.
drug interaction
Biseptol should not be taken simultaneously with Aspirin, Butadion, Naproxen.
Biseptol enhances the effect of drugs that reduce blood clotting, such as Warfarin.
Biseptol enhances the effect of some antidiabetic drugs (Gliquidone, Glibenclamide, Glipizide, Chlorpropamide, Gliclazide).
Biseptol increases the activity of the antitumor drug Methotrexate and the anticonvulsant drug Phenytoin.
Biseptol is not recommended to be administered simultaneously with thiazide diuretics (Chlorothiazid, Diuril, Naturetin, Metolazone, Diukardin, Furosemide, etc.) - this contributes to increased bleeding.
Biseptol in combination with diuretics, as well as with the antidiabetic agents listed above, can cause an allergic cross reaction.
Hexamethylenetetramine, ascorbic acid and other drugs that acidify urine increase the risk of "sand" in the urine when used simultaneously with Biseptol.
Biseptol may increase the concentration of digoxin in the blood in elderly patients.
The simultaneous use of Biseptol and Pyrimethamine (an antimalarial drug) increases the risk of anemia.
Benzocaine, Procaine (drugs for local anesthesia) reduce the effectiveness of Biseptol.
Dosage of Biseptol
The dose of the drug and the duration of administration is prescribed by the doctor individually, depending on the severity of the condition and concomitant diseases.
Adult patients are usually prescribed 960 mg 2 times a day (2 tablets of 480 mg or 1 tablet forte 2 times) every 12 hours for 5-14 days.
If long-term treatment is necessary, 480 mg is prescribed 2 times a day (1 tablet 480 mg 2 times).
Suspension of Biseptol is prescribed to adults at 20 ml every 12 hours.
In the case of a severe course of the disease (sometimes with chronic disease) the dose can be increased up to 50%.
And with a duration of treatment over 5 days, and with an increase in the dose of Biseptol, it is necessary to control the complete blood count.
But microbes adapt to drugs that are often used, and over time lose their sensitivity to these drugs; medicines stop working. So it happened with Biseptol. Therefore, the attitude towards the appointment of Biseptol for cystitis is very restrained at the present time.
The correct tactic in relation to the treatment of cystitis is the selection of medications in accordance with their sensitivity. For this purpose, urine culture is prescribed for microflora and its sensitivity to drugs. The doctor will receive the result 3-4 days after the test and select the correct treatment.
In some cases, the doctor initially prescribes Biseptol, and after receiving the result of the sensitivity of the flora to drugs, if necessary, changes the treatment. Sometimes Biseptol is prescribed due to intolerance to antibiotics or other medicines. Assign Biseptol in the usual dosage (2 tablets 2 times a day) for 5-10 days.
Biseptol's analogs and synonyms
It is necessary to distinguish between analogues of the drug and synonyms of the drug.Analogues are called drugs that have different active ingredients in their composition, differ in names, but are used in the treatment of the same diseases, because. have the same effect. Analogues may differ in strength of action, tolerability of the drug, contraindications, side effects.
Analogues of Biseptol are antibiotics of different groups, tk. they also have antimicrobial activity. Depending on the sensitivity of the pathogen and the spectrum of action, antibiotics are used to treat the same diseases as Biseptol.
Analogues of Biseptol are other sulfanilamide preparations:
- Asacol (active ingredient: mesalazine);
- Dermazin (active ingredient: sulfadiazine);
- Ingalipt (active ingredients: streptocide, sodium sulfathiazole);
- Ingaflu (active ingredient: streptocide) and other sulfa drugs.
Preparations-synonyms of Biseptol: Bactrim, Bacterial, Bactramin, Abatsin, Andoprim, Bactifer, Abactrim, Bactramel, Hemitrin, Bactrizol, Ectapprim, Berlocid, Bacticel, Doktonil, Ekspektrin, Gantrin, Falprin, Methomide, Infectrim, Primazol, Microcetim, Oradin, Potesept, Oribact, Resprim, Sumetrolim, Septocid, Uroxen, Bactecod, Trixazole, Trimexazole, Blackson, Vanadil, Aposulfatrin, Bactreduct, Groseptol, Cotrimol, Cotribene, Eriprim, Primotren, Sulfatrim, Rancotrim, Expazol, Novotrimed, Oriprim, Cotrimaxol, Cotrimaxazole, Sinersul, Sulotrim, Trimosul.
Pathogenic bacteria are present in the surrounding space of a person, and therefore in his body. Immune cells do not allow pathogenic microflora to develop, but when immunity is weakened or other factors, microbes begin to actively multiply in the body, causing various diseases.
Pathogenic microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Since these are different biological objects, the treatment should be prescribed in accordance with the pathogen. The doctor prescribes the medicine that will be effective in the fight against this or that microbe. One of the most commonly prescribed drugs against bacteria is Biseptol. What Biseptol helps from and how to take it, we will consider in the article.
For the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, two types of drugs are prescribed: antibacterial and antimicrobial. The former contain substances that kill bacterial cells, while the latter inhibit protein synthesis in an enemy cell and stop its vital activity.
The active ingredients of Biseptol do not have components that are present in the natural natural environment, and therefore the drug does not belong to the group of antibiotics. In other words, the drug is completely synthetic.
The composition of the medicine:
- sulfamethoxazole - the main active ingredient, stops the growth and development of bacteria;
- trimetroprin - has an auxiliary effect, prevents the restoration and reproduction of pathogenic microflora.
Co-trimozole is a synonym for sulfonamides. It is part of Trimethoprim, an antibiotic that is widely used to treat diseases of the urinary system.
Pharmachologic effect:
The bacteriostatic property of the drug is achieved by blocking the biosynthesis of folic acid in bacterial cells by the active substances. Folic acid is involved in metabolic processes, in which microbial protein synthesis occurs with the help of nucleic acids. Violation of biochemical reactions in the cell leads to a cessation of reproduction and to its death from the inside.
Biseptol actively affects the following microorganisms:
- gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria;
- protozoa;
- staphylococci;
- toxoplasma;
- streptococci;
- mushrooms;
- coli.
The pathogenic microflora that causes syphilis and tuberculosis is resistant to sulfonamides.
Indications for use
Biseptol is indicated for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the active substances of the component. Asking the question: “What does Biseptol help from?” It should be understood that you can not self-medicate. It is true to determine whether the drug will be effective or not, only the doctor can after examining the patient.
- The medicine helps with inflammatory diseases bodies respiratory system: rhinitis, bronchitis, pharyngitis, pneumonia, laryngitis and others.
- Bispetol is often prescribed for infectious lesions of the genitourinary system: prostatitis, inflammation of the uterine appendages, pathological processes in the kidneys, bladder, urethra.
- The drug is effective for the treatment of organs digestive system: inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), inflammatory processes in the small and large intestines (enterocolitis), gastritis.
- Biseptol is prescribed for pathologies of the ENT organs accompanied by infection: inflammation of the maxillary sinuses (sinusitis), inflammatory processes occurring in the inner and outer ear (otitis media), purulent inflammation in the tonsils.
Therapeutic effect on prostatitis
Biseptol for prostatitis is one of the most powerful medicines to combat the disease. It is prescribed if the pathology of the prostate gland is infectious. The active ingredients of the drug penetrate deep into the tissues of the prostate, stopping the development of pathogenic bacteria. Reducing the number and activity of bacteria reduces pain, swelling of the prostate, eliminates other symptoms.
note
Prostatitis should be treated with Biseptol only on the recommendation of a doctor. Self-medication can be useless or even harmful. After the examination, the specialist will calculate the dosage that will be optimal.
It is necessary to take the drug for inflammation in the prostate for at least two weeks. The first few days the doctor prescribes the maximum dosage, which then decreases. The patient feels relief after 2-3 days, but it is important not to interrupt the course of treatment, as bacteria can develop resistance to the drug. This, in turn, can lead to a chronic form of prostatitis that is difficult to treat.
Some patients believe that since Biseptol is not an antibiotic, it can be taken uncontrollably, but this is not so. The drug has serious side effects, and an increased dose of the drug will not cure prostatitis faster. It is necessary to follow the treatment regimen for inflammation of the prostate and follow all the recommendations of the doctor.
Therapeutic effect on other pathologies
Biseptol is prescribed for many inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system and ENT organs. And, sometimes, people believe that it can be taken for acute respiratory infections, but in this case, the drug is useless, since these diseases are caused by viruses. But angina, tonsillitis, sinusitis and other diseases complicated by bacterial microflora, Biseptol treats perfectly.
Biseptol treatment should be treated with caution when it comes to children. Even if in the past the doctor prescribed a drug for the treatment of, for example, tonsillitis, then in case of a repeated illness, in no case should you give the child medicine on your own.
Otherwise, the bacteria will become resistant, and sore throat will appear again and again.
The therapeutic effect of sulfonamides on different organs is manifested in the same way, since the principle of action on bacterial cells is the same. But the doctor determines the dosage and course of treatment individually.
Before you start taking the drug, you must exclude contraindications. Biseptol is not used in the following cases:
- anemia (low folate levels);
- hypersensitivity to active substances;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- severe renal dysfunction;
- children's hyperbilirubinemia;
- damage to the liver parenchyma;
- at risk of developing hemolysis.
When taking the drug, care must be taken by people suffering from bronchial asthma and pathologies in the thyroid gland.
The drug may adversely affect different systems organism: nervous, respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal, hematopoietic system.
Taking the drug may be accompanied by the following side effects:
- dizziness and pain in the head;
- depression, apathy and peripheral neuritis;
- abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting;
- urticaria, rash, erythema;
- cough, choking, bronchospasm;
- anemia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia;
- increased urea concentration, impaired renal function;
- myalgia, arthralgia.
How to take Biseptol for children and adults
For ease of use, Biseptol is available in different dosage forms.
- Tablet form available in two dosages:
- 120 mg - for children;
- 480 mg - for adults.
- Suspension for children with a strawberry scent in a bottle of 80 ml. 1 dose - 5 ml contains 240 mg of active substances.
- Concentrate for solution preparation for the purpose of infusion. 1 ampoule contains 480 mg of active substances.
How to take Biseptol and in what dosage forms depends on the disease and age of the patient.
Treatment in adolescents and adults:
The minimum dose for treatment over 14 days is 480 mg every 12 hours. The standard dosage is 960 mg twice a day, in severe infections the dose is increased to 1440 mg every 12 hours.
- The course of treatment for respiratory tract infections and ENT organs is ten days.
- Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system ranges from fourteen to twenty-one days.
- Diseases gastrointestinal tract treated for at least five days.
- Therapy infectious diseases genitals (soft chancre) spend from seven to fourteen days.
- For the treatment of acute urinary tract infections in women, “shock” therapy is performed, in which a single dose is up to 2880 mg.
- Pneumonia is treated with 960 mg twice a day. Individual dosage is calculated as 30 mg/kg.
- Nocardiosis is treated at a dosage of 2880 mg for at least three months, acute brucellosis - four weeks, typhoid fever - three months.
How to drink Biseptol tablets and suspensions?
Tablets are drunk every 12 hours, so the medication should be taken in the morning and evening. The drug should be taken only after meals, the tablet is washed down with plenty of clean water.
You can not drink the medicine on an empty stomach, otherwise it may cause side effects.
Treatment in children
Up to five years, the drug is prescribed in a standard dosage of 240 mg in the morning and evening. From six to twelve years - 480 mg twice a day. The duration of treatment is seven days.
Children from two months of age to six months, at birth from a mother infected with HIV, the dosage is 120 mg.
For children, Biseptol is most often prescribed for the treatment of intestinal infections, tonsillitis, otitis media, laryngitis and other infectious diseases of the respiratory tract.
The syrup is used from the age of two months, and tablets of 120 mg - from two years.
With an individual dosage, the suspension is calculated based on 36 mg of the drug per 1 kg of weight.
How to drink Biseptol in suspension?
The medicine should be given to the child after meals, it is advisable to observe the time interval between taking the suspension, which is 12 hours. The medicine is drawn with a special measuring syringe through the neck of the vial. Before drawing up the suspension, the bottle must be shaken well so that the liquid is shaken. There are special divisions on the syringe that determine the dosage.
Biseptol suspension has a pleasant berry taste, so children drink it easily. If the child wants to drink the medicine, then you can give him clean water.
It is important to give the child the medicine exactly in the dose prescribed by the doctor; in no case should one show independence in this matter.
The minimum dosage is calculated as follows:
- up to six months - 2.5 ml in the morning and evening;
- up to three years of age - 2.5-5 ml twice a day;
- up to six years of age - 5-10 ml every 12 hours;
- up to twelve years - 10 ml every 12 hours.
Prices:
- Tablets 120 mg 20 pieces - 30 rubles;
- Tablets 480 mg 28 pieces - 90 rubles;
- Suspension 240 mg / 80 ml - 120 rubles.
How are Erespal and Biseptol combined when taking?
Biseptol does not combine well with various drugs and alcohol. In inflammatory diseases of an infectious nature, it is prescribed first of all, if the medicine does not help, then the doctor corrects the treatment.
Erespal is prescribed for the treatment of infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The drugs have different pharmacological effects on the body, so the question of combining the methods of Erespal and Biseptol is best answered by the attending physician.
Some facts about the product:
Instructions for use
Price in the online pharmacy site: from 35
Pharmacological properties
medicinal product Biseptol is medical device having directed bactericidal and bacteriostatic action. The active ingredients of the drug are trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Sulfamethoxazole has a similar structure to para-aminobenzoic acid. Its action is aimed at preventing the processes of synthesizing dihydrofolate reductase in infected cells, which limits the entry of para-aminobenzoic acid into the molecules of these cells. Trimetroprim stops the conversion of dihydrofolate reductase to tetrahydrofolate, which prevents the infected cell from dividing. Also one of the qualities of trimethoprim is an increase pharmacological action sulfamethoxazole substances.
The drug shows the greatest activity in relation to such bacteria as pneumococcus, staphylococcus, listeria monocytogenes, anthrax bacillus, nocardia asteroides, mycobacteria, fecal enterococcus, meningococcus, Escherichia coli, gonococcus, salmonella, cholera vibrio, klebsiella, hemophilic bacillus, pasteurella multicide, whooping cough coli, Citrobacter Freundi, Proteus Mirabilis, Brucellosis, Providencia, Enterobacter, Legionella Pneumophila, Pseudomonas, Shigella Flexner, Serration Marcescens, Pseudotuberculosis Bacillus, Chlamydia, Morgan's Bacterium, Toxoplasma, Immitis Coccidioidosis, Plasmodium, Pneumocystis Pneumonia, Leishmania.
Bacteria such as corynebacteria, Koch's bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leptospirosis, pale treponema remain unchanged when interacting with Biseptol.
The drug has almost one hundred percent bioavailability, is absorbed from the digestive system. It reaches its maximum content in the blood within four hours from the moment of use. The drug is distributed in tissues and organs in approximately the same ratio. Elimination is carried out by the kidneys unchanged.
Composition and form of release
The release of the drug Biseptol is carried out in the form of tablets and suspensions.
For the production of tablets, the following components are used:
- auxiliary substances in the form of potato starch, polyvinyl alcohol, preservative E128, propyl ester of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, propane-1,2-diol.
Tablets have round shape without bulges. The color of the tablets varies from pure white to white with yellowish tints. On each side, a chamfer and an abbreviation denoting the name of the drug are applied along the diameter. Their primary packaging is PVC blister packs containing twenty tablets. One blister plate, together with instructions for use, is packed in a cardboard box.
For the production of the suspension, the following components are used:
- active ingredients trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole;
- excipients in the form of citric acid monohydrate, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, saccharin, sweetener maltitol E965, strawberry aldehyde, purified water, propane-1,2-diol, carmellose sodium, macrogol glyceryl hydroxystearate, magnesium aluminum silicate, sodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate.
The suspension has a homogeneous consistency with a characteristic aroma of wild strawberries. The color varies from pure white to white with creamy undertones. Its primary packaging is a dark glass bottle with a screw cap. The bottle, along with the instructions, is placed in a cardboard box.
Indications for use
The appointment of the drug Biseptol is carried out for the treatment of the following diseases:
- bronchitis in the acute stage;
- pneumonia;
- inflammation of the middle ear;
- inflammation of the lymph nodes and ulcers on the genitals;
- infectious diseases of the genitourinary system;
- bowel disease caused by salmonella bacteria;
- dysentery;
- frequent liquid stool caused by Escherichia coli;
- disorders of the digestive tract;
- other diseases caused by infectious microbacteria.
Side effects
Side effects after using the drug can occur from various body systems. These include:
- spasm of the muscles of the bronchi;
- feeling of nausea, turning into vomiting;
- cough, difficulty breathing;
- frequent loose stools;
- dizziness, migraine;
- weakness, loss of strength;
- depressive state;
- cramps of the limbs;
- change in appetite;
- inflammation of the pancreas;
- pain in the abdomen;
- inflammation of the oral mucosa;
- cholestatic syndrome;
- increased activity of liver enzymes;
- inflammation of the liver;
- chronic liver disease;
- intestinal inflammation;
- inflammation of the gastric mucosa;
- decrease in the level of leukocytes, platelets, neutrophils;
- anemia;
- blood clotting disorders;
- increased levels of methemoglobin in the blood;
- increased urine production;
- kidney inflammation;
- an increase in the blood content in the urine above the physiological norm;
- pain in the joints;
- muscle pain;
- photosensitivity;
- allergic reactions in the form of itching, burning, dermatitis;
- swelling of the subcutaneous tissue;
- lowering blood sugar;
- an increase in the content of potassium in the blood.
Contraindications
Do not use the drug Biseptol in the presence of one of the following contraindications:
- hypersensitivity to individual components present in the composition of the drug;
- kidney disease in severe form;
- severe blood diseases;
- damage to the liver tissue;
- increased levels of bilirubin in childhood;
- Robison's ether deficiency.
Pregnancy and lactation
Biseptol tablets should not be taken during pregnancy. The suspension should be administered with caution in cases where the intended benefit to the mother is greater than the potential threat to the embryo.
It has been clinically established that the active component of the drug is excreted with breast milk. For this reason, it is recommended to suspend breast-feeding during the period of drug use.
Application: method and features
The drug Biseptol is administered orally. The scheme of therapy, as well as the dosage varies depending on the age of the patient.
Tablets are prescribed:
- adults and children over twelve years of age, two tablets at a dosage of four hundred and eighty milligrams in the morning and evening;
- children from six to twelve years old, one tablet at a dosage of four hundred and eighty milligrams in the morning and evening;
- children from three to six years old, two tablets with a dosage of two hundred and forty milligrams in the morning and evening.
The average duration of a therapeutic course with tablets is from one to two weeks.
Suspension is assigned:
- adults and children over twelve years of age, four scoops in the morning and evening;
- children from six years to twelve, two scoops in the morning and evening;
- children from three to six years old, one or two scoops in the morning and evening.
- children from six months to three years, one scoop in the morning and evening.
- children from three months to six months, half a scoop in the morning and evening.
The average duration of a therapeutic course with a suspension is from ten days to two weeks.
Alcohol compatibility
It is not recommended to drink alcohol-containing drinks during the therapeutic course. Alcohol can reduce the pharmacological properties of the drug. In some cases, disturbances in the functioning of various body systems are possible.
Interaction with other drugs
With the joint use of the drug Biseptol with diuretics, a decrease in the level of platelets is possible.
With simultaneous use with anticoagulants, a decrease in blood clotting is possible.
Drugs that promote the formation of para-Aminobenzoic acid reduce the effectiveness of the active components of Biseptol.
When using antidepressants of the tricyclic type, their effectiveness may decrease.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, the following symptoms occur:
- change in appetite;
- feeling of nausea with vomiting;
- dizziness, migraine;
- impotence, loss of strength;
- temperature increase;
- increased blood levels in the urine;
- fainting;
- depressive state;
- impaired concentration.
To eliminate these symptoms, it is necessary to immediately stop taking the medication, gastric lavage in order to quickly remove the remnants of the drug from the body. Frequent fluid intake and competent supportive care are recommended.
special instructions
Side effects most often occurred in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Does not affect control vehicles as well as to engage in activities that require heightened attention.
Analogues
The drug has the following analogue drugs similar in spectrum of action: Baktiseptol, Bebitrim, Bactrim, Bi-Sept-Farmak, Oriprim, Raseptol, Soluseptol, Sumetrolim, Triseptol.
International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)
According to international classification diseases (ICD-10), the diagnoses for which this medication is used have the following coding:
- typhoid fever (A01.0);
- brucellosis (A23.9);
- whooping cough (A37);
- scarlet fever (A38);
- pneumocytosis (B59);
- otitis externa (H60);
- acute sinusitis (J01);
- acute laryngitis (J04.0);
- acute bronchitis (J20).
Terms of sale
In pharmacies, Biseptol is sold in accordance with the instructions of the attending physician.
Storage rules, expiration date
According to the instructions, the drug should be stored in a place closed from sunlight at a temperature of less than twenty-five degrees Celsius for no more than three years.
Release form
Tablets
Compound
Active ingredient: Co-trimoxazole [Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim] (Co-trimoxazolum) Concentration active ingredient(mg): Sulfamethoxazole 400 mg, trimethoprim 80 mg
Pharmacological effect
Combined antibacterial drug, contains sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Sulfamethoxazole, similar in structure to PABA, disrupts the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid in bacterial cells, preventing the inclusion of PABA in its molecule. for protein metabolism and microbial cell division. It is a broad-spectrum bactericidal drug. Active against gram-positive aerobic bacteria: Streptococcus spp., including Streptococcus pneumoniae (hemolytic strains are more sensitive to penicillin), Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides , Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium spp. (including Mycobacterium leprae, excluding Mycobacterium tuberculosis); gram-negative aerobic bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli (including enterotoxogenic strains), Salmonella spp. (including Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi); Vibrio cholerae, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Bordetella pertussis, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pasteurella spp., Francisella tularensis, Brucella spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Legionella pneumopbila, Providencia, some Pseudomonas species ( except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Serratia marcescens, Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Morganella spp., and against Chlamydia spp. (including Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia psittaci); for Gram-positive anaerobes: Actinomyces israelii; for protozoa: Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii; pathogenic fungi: Coccidioides immitis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Pneumocystis carinii, Leishmania spp. Resistant to the drug: Corynebacterium spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Treponema spp., Leptospira spp., viruses. Inhibits the vital activity of Escherichia coli, which leads to a decrease in thiamine synthesis , riboflavin, nicotinic acid and other B vitamins in the intestine. The duration of the therapeutic effect is 7 hours.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption After taking the drug inside, the active substances are quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax in blood plasma is reached within 1-4 hours after ingestion. cerebrospinal fluid. The binding of trimethoprim to plasma proteins is 50%; sulfamethoxazole - 66%. Removal T1 / 2 of trimethoprim - 8.6-17 hours, sulfamethoxazole - 9-11 hours. The main route of excretion is the kidneys; while trimethoprim is excreted unchanged up to 50%; sulfamethoxazole - 15-30% in active form.
Indications
Treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug: - respiratory tract infections (including bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, pleural empyema); - otitis media, sinusitis; - infections of the genitourinary system (including pyelonephritis, urethritis, salpingitis, prostatitis); - gonorrhea; - gastrointestinal infections (including typhoid fever, paratyphoid, bacterial dysentery, cholera, diarrhea); - skin and soft tissue infections (including furunculosis, pyoderma).
Contraindications
Established damage to the liver parenchyma; - severe renal dysfunction in the absence of the ability to control the concentration of the drug in the blood plasma; - severe renal failure (CC less than 15 ml / min); - serious illnesses blood (aplastic anemia, B12 deficiency anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, megaloblastic anemia, anemia associated with folic acid deficiency); - hyperbilirubinemia in children; - deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (risk of hemolysis); - pregnancy; - lactation; - childhood up to 3 years (for this dosage form); - hypersensitivity to the components of the drug; - hypersensitivity to sulfonamides.
Precautionary measures
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Biseptol is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
Dosage and administration
Set individually. The drug is taken after meals with a sufficient amount of liquid. For children aged 3 to 5 years, the drug is prescribed 240 mg (2 tablets of 120 mg) 2 times / day; children aged 6 to 12 years - 480 mg (4 tablets of 120 mg or 1 tablet of 480 mg) 2 times / day. In case of pneumonia, the drug is prescribed at the rate of 100 mg of sulfamethoxazole per 1 kg of body weight / day. The interval between doses is 6 hours, the duration of admission is 14 days. For gonorrhea, the dose of the drug is 2 g (in terms of sulfamethoxazole) 2 times / day with an interval between doses of 12 hours. Adults and children over 12 years old are prescribed 960 mg 2 times / day, with long-term therapy - 480 mg 2 times / day. The duration of the course of treatment is from 5 to 14 days. At severe course diseases and / or chronic infections, it is possible to increase a single dose by 30-50%. If the course of therapy lasts more than 5 days and / or an increase in the dose of the drug, it is necessary to control the picture of peripheral blood; when pathological changes folic acid should be prescribed at a dose of 5-10 mg / day. In patients with renal insufficiency with a CC of 15-30 ml / min, the standard dose of Biseptol should be reduced by 50%.
Side effects
From the side of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: headache, dizziness; in some cases - aseptic meningitis, depression, apathy, tremor, peripheral neuritis. From the respiratory system: bronchospasm, suffocation, cough, pulmonary infiltrates. From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, gastritis, abdominal pain, glossitis, stomatitis, cholestasis, increased activity of hepatic transaminases, hepatitis, sometimes with cholestatic jaundice, hepatonecrosis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, pancreatitis. From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia, aplastic and hemolytic anemia, eosinophilia, hypoprothrombinemia, methemoglobinemia. From the urinary system: polyuria, interstitial nephritis, impaired renal function, crystalluria, hematuria, increased urea concentration, hypercreatininemia, toxic nephropathy with oliguria and anuria. From the musculoskeletal system: arthralgia, myalgia. Allergic reactions: itching, photosensitivity, urticaria, drug fever, rash, erythema multiforme exudative (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome), toxic epidermal necrolysis (syndrome Lyell), exfoliative dermatitis, allergic myocarditis, fever, angioedema, scleral hyperemia. From the side of metabolism: hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia. The drug is usually well tolerated.
Overdose
Symptoms: lack of appetite, intestinal colic, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, fever, hematuria, crystalluria are also possible. Bone marrow depression and jaundice may develop later. After acute poisoning with trimethoprim, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, depression, confusion, depression of bone marrow function are possible. It is not known what dose of co-trimoxazole can be life-threatening. Chronic poisoning: use co-trimoxazole in high doses over a long period can lead to suppression of bone marrow function, manifested by thrombocytopenia, leukopenia or megaloblastic anemia. drug or induce vomiting), drink plenty of fluids if diuresis is insufficient and kidney function is preserved. Enter calcium folinate (5-10 mg / day). The acidic environment of the urine accelerates the excretion of trimethoprim, but may also increase the risk of crystallization of the sulfonamide in the kidneys. The blood picture, plasma electrolyte composition and other biochemical parameters should be monitored. Hemodialysis is moderately effective, and peritoneal dialysis is not effective.
Interaction with other drugs
With the simultaneous use of Biseptol with thiazide diuretics, there is a risk of developing thrombocytopenia and bleeding (the combination is not recommended). Co-trimoxazole increases the anticoagulant activity of indirect anticoagulants, as well as the effect of hypoglycemic drugs and methotrexate. Co-trimoxazole reduces the intensity of hepatic metabolism of phenytoin (increases its T1 / 2 by 39%) and warfarin, enhancing their effect. Rifampicin reduces T1 / 2 trimethoprim. With the simultaneous use of pyrimethamine in doses exceeding 25 mg / week, it increases the risk of developing megaloblastic anemia. With the simultaneous use of diuretics (often thiazides) increase the risk of developing thrombocytopenia. Benzocaine, procaine, procainamide (as well as other drugs, the hydrolysis of which forms PABA) reduce the effectiveness of Biseptol. Between diuretics (including thiazides, furosemide) and oral hypoglycemic agents (sulfonylurea derivatives), on the one hand, and antibacterial agents groups of sulfonamides - on the other hand, the development of a cross-allergic reaction is possible. Phenytoin, barbiturates, PAS increase the manifestations of folic acid deficiency when used simultaneously with Biseptol. Salicylic acid derivatives enhance the effect of Biseptol. Ascorbic acid, hexamethylenetetramine (as well as other drugs that acidify urine) increase the risk of developing crystalluria during the use of Biseptol. Colestyramine reduces absorption when taken simultaneously with other drugs, so it should be taken 1 hour after or 4-6 hours before taking co-trimoxazole. When used simultaneously with drugs that depress bone marrow hematopoiesis, increases the risk of myelosuppression. In some cases, Biseptol may increase the concentration of digoxin in the blood plasma in elderly patients. Biseptol may reduce the effectiveness of tricyclic antidepressants. In patients after kidney transplantation, while using co-trimoxazole and cyclosporine, there is a passing dysfunction of the transplanted kidney, manifested by an increase in serum creatinine concentrations, which is probably caused by the action of trimethoprim. It reduces the effectiveness of oral contraception (inhibits the intestinal microflora and reduces the enterohepatic circulation of hormonal agents).
special instructions
With caution, the drug is prescribed with a burdened allergic history. With long-term (more than a month) courses of treatment, regular blood tests are necessary, since there is a possibility of hematological changes (most often asymptomatic). These changes can be reversible with the appointment of folic acid (3-6 mg / day), which does not significantly impair the antimicrobial activity of the drug. Particular caution is necessary in the treatment of elderly patients or patients with suspected initial folate deficiency. The appointment of folic acid is also advisable for long-term treatment drug in high doses. For the prevention of crystalluria, it is recommended to maintain a sufficient volume of urine. The likelihood of toxic and allergic complications of sulfonamides increases significantly with a decrease in the filtration function of the kidneys. It is also inappropriate to consume foods containing a large amount of PABA during treatment - green parts of plants (cauliflower, spinach, legumes), carrots, tomatoes. Excessive sunlight and UV exposure.Risk side effects significantly higher in patients with AIDS. It is not recommended to use the drug for tonsillitis and pharyngitis caused by group A β-hemolytic streptococcus, due to the widespread resistance of strains. Trimethoprim may change the results of determining the level of methotrexate in serum, carried out by the enzymatic method, but does not affect the result when choosing a radioimmunological method. Co-trimoxazole can increase by 10% the results of the Jaffe reaction with picric acid for the quantitative determination of creatinine.
Combined antibacterial drug is Biseptol. Instructions for use recommends taking 120 mg and 480 mg tablets, suspension or syrup for the treatment of tonsillitis, pneumonia, prostatitis, chronic pyelonephritis, dysentery.
Release form and composition
Pharmacies receive:
- Biseptol tablets 120 and 480 mg: flat, round, yellowish (in blisters of 20 pcs., 1 blister in a carton box);
- oral suspension: light cream, with the smell of strawberries (in dark glass bottles of 80 ml, 1 bottle in a cardboard box);
- concentrate for solution for infusions (injections) - Biseptol 480.
The active substances are sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim.
pharmachologic effect
Biseptol has bactericidal (killing bacteria) and bacteriostatic (preventing the growth of bacteria) properties. The drug is effective against staphylococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, pneumococci, typhoid fever, dysentery and protea.
It is not used in the fight against tuberculosis microbacteria, spirochetes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The drug is rapidly absorbed in oral intake. The maximum content of Biseptol components in the blood is reached within 3 hours after ingestion. The effect persists for 7 hours.
The highest content of the components of the drug is noted in the lungs and kidneys. It is excreted from the body during the day with urine.
What helps Biseptol?
Indications for the use of the drug include the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:
- skin and soft tissue infections (including furunculosis, pyoderma);
- infections of the genitourinary system (including pyelonephritis, urethritis, salpingitis, prostatitis);
- gonorrhea;
- otitis, sinusitis;
- respiratory tract infections (including bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, pleural empyema);
- gastrointestinal infections (including typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, bacillary dysentery, cholera, diarrhea).
Instructions for use
Biseptol (tablets)
Taken orally after meals. Washed down with a sufficient amount of liquid. The dosage is determined by the doctor, taking into account the individual indications of the patient.
- Children 3-5 years old are prescribed 240 mg 2 times a day.
- Children 6-12 years old - 480 mg 2 times a day.
In the treatment of pneumonia, the daily dose is calculated: 100 mg of sulfamethoxazole per 1 kg of body weight. The drug should be taken every 6 hours. The duration of therapy is 2 weeks.
For the treatment of gonorrhea, 2 g of sulfamethoxazole is prescribed 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours between doses. Adults and children over 12 years of age take 960 mg 2 times a day. With a long course of treatment - 480 mg 2 times a day.
The duration of therapy is from 5 to 14 days. In severe cases or in chronic infections, an increase in a single dose by 30-50% may be required.
If therapy lasts more than 5 days or the patient takes higher doses of the drug, monitoring of peripheral blood is necessary. In case of pathological changes, folic acid is prescribed at a dose of 5-10 mg per day.
If you miss a dose, the drug should be taken as soon as possible. If a double dose is required, the previous dose should be skipped. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.
At kidney failure(CC 15-30 ml / min) the recommended dose is reduced by 2 times. With CC less than 15 ml / min, the drug is not recommended.
Syrup
Biseptol in the form of a suspension is taken orally, after a meal with a sufficient amount of liquid. Adults and children over 12 years of age take 960 mg every 12 hours. In severe infections, the dose is increased to 1440 mg every 12 hours.
The duration of therapy for urinary tract infections is 10-14 days, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis - 2 weeks, traveler's diarrhea and shigellosis - 5 days. The minimum dose is 480 mg every 12 hours. With a duration of treatment of more than 14 days, the minimum dose is used.
Children from 2 months (or 6 weeks at birth from mothers with HIV infection) up to 5 months take 120 mg 2 times a day. Children from 6 months to 5 years old take 240 mg with an interval of 12 hours. Children 6-12 years old are prescribed 480 mg every 12 hours.
Duration of therapy for urinary tract infections and acute otitis media- 10 days, shigellosis - 5 days. In the treatment of severe infections in children, the dose can be increased by 2 times.
The minimum duration of therapy for acute infections is 5 days. After the disappearance of symptoms, therapy should be continued for another 2 days. If after 2 weeks there is no improvement, you need to re-examine.
In the treatment of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii, 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight is prescribed 4 times a day with an interval of 6 hours. The duration of therapy is 2-3 weeks.
For adults and children over 12 years of age, 960 mg per day is prescribed. Total daily dose for children under 12 years of age should not exceed 1920 mg. Reception is carried out for 3 consecutive days every week.
Soft chancre - 960 mg every 12 hours. If after 7 days the skin element does not heal, you can extend the drug for another 7 days. The lack of effect may indicate the resistance of the pathogen.
In acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women, a single dose is 1920-2880 mg. It is recommended to take the drug in the evening after meals or at bedtime.
With others bacterial infections the dose is selected individually, taking into account age, body weight, kidney function and severity of the disease. With nocardiosis, adults take 2880-3840 mg per day for at least 3 months. The course of treatment for acute brucellosis is 3-4 weeks.
Contraindications
Biseptol children are not prescribed:
- suspension - up to 2 months (or up to 1.5 months if the child was born from a mother with HIV infection);
- tablets - up to 3 years.
Side effects
- apathy;
- angioedema;
- arthralgia;
- abdominal pain;
- bronchospasm;
- gastritis;
- hematuria;
- headache;
- hyperemia of the sclera;
- hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia;
- dizziness;
- diarrhea;
- depression;
- interstitial nephritis;
- cough;
- leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic anemia, aplastic and hemolytic anemia, eosinophilia;
- medicinal fever;
- hives;
- myalgia;
- erythema multiforme exudative (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome);
- impaired renal function;
- increase in body temperature;
- polyuria;
- loss of appetite;
- rash;
- stomatitis;
- tremor;
- nausea, vomiting;
- suffocation;
- photosensitivity.
Children, during pregnancy and lactation
Suspension Biseptol can be prescribed to children older than 2 months. Tablets - from 3 years. Children born to mothers with HIV infection may be given the drug after 6 weeks of age. With jaundice in children, the use of the drug is prohibited. During pregnancy and lactation, the drug is contraindicated.
special instructions
Caution in the use of Biseptol should be observed in people suffering from alcoholism, with nutritional deficiencies and malabsorption.
To prevent crystalluria during therapy, it is recommended to drink enough liquids, this will also prevent blockage of the kidney tubules. While taking Biseptol, it is recommended to avoid being in direct sunlight.
drug interaction
With the simultaneous use of Biseptol with thiazide diuretics, there is a risk of developing thrombocytopenia and bleeding (the combination is not recommended).
Co-trimoxazole increases the anticoagulant activity of indirect anticoagulants, as well as the effect of hypoglycemic drugs and methotrexate, and also reduces the intensity of hepatic metabolism of phenytoin (increases its T1 / 2 by 39%) and warfarin, enhancing their effect.
Biseptol's analogs
According to the structure, analogues are determined:
Holiday conditions and price
The average price of Biseptol (80 ml suspension) in Moscow is 136 rubles. In Kiev, you can buy medicine for 117 hryvnia, in Kazakhstan - for 680 tenge. In Minsk, pharmacies offer an analogue of Co-trimoxazole (tablets 480 mg No. 20) for 2-3 bel. ruble. It is released from pharmacies by prescription.