From pneumonia. How and how to treat pneumonia? Video - Treatment of pneumonia at home

Pneumonia- this is a group of different provoking factors, developmental mechanisms, morphological and clinical manifestations acute infectious inflammatory diseases lungs, characterized by a predominant lesion of the alveoli and the development of inflammatory exudation in them. These are the most common lung infections. And the cause of pneumonia is ALWAYS microorganisms, even if you stay in bed for a long time, it will not develop without microorganisms.

The most common infection occurs by airborne droplets. when, upon contact with a sick person (when coughing, sneezing, talking), pathogenic microflora is inhaled. A hematogenous route of infection is possible when the pathogen enters the lungs with blood flow (for example, with sepsis, other infectious diseases). There is also an endogenous mechanism for the development of inflammation of the lung tissue, which is due to the activation of microbes already present in the body. Factors contributing to the development of pneumonia are chronic diseases of the lungs, nasopharynx, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, prolonged bed rest, decreased immunity, smoking, alcohol abuse, etc. Children and the elderly are also at risk.

Causes of pneumonia.

Pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs, is most often caused by various bacteria: pneumo-, staphylo- and streptococci, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in other cases - some viruses, mycoplasmas, fungi. In addition, the occurrence of pneumonia can be influenced by chemical and physical substances - for example, inhalation of gasoline vapors. Pneumonia can be the result of allergic reactions in the lungs or a complication common disease eg acute respiratory infections, influenza. Pathogens penetrate into the lung tissue, usually from the upper respiratory tract, usually in the presence of acute or chronic foci of infection in them.

Pneumonia symptoms.

Manifestations of pneumonia depend on the pathogen, the nature and phase of the course, as well as complications (the formation of a purulent cavity in the lung, pleurisy, and more). Croupous (pneumococcal) pneumonia usually begins acutely, often after hypothermia: the patient experiences a tremendous chill, body temperature rises to 39-40 ° C, pain when breathing on the side of the affected lung increases with cough, initially dry, later with "rusty" or purulent viscous blood-stained sputum. Before application antibiotic therapy high temperature is kept on average for a week, decreasing sharply (critically); under the influence of antibacterial drugs, a gradual decrease in temperature occurs. Staphylococcal pneumonia can also or more severely occur.
Focal pneumonia, bronchopneumonia occur as complications of acute or chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi. The disease may begin with chills. Body temperature rises to 38-38.5 ° C, rarely higher. A cough appears or intensifies, dry or with mucopurulent sputum. Possible pain in the chest when coughing and inhaling. Viral and fungal pneumonias are characterized by fever, headache and muscle pain, severe malaise, but chest pain and cough may be less pronounced. Pneumonia is dangerous for its complications - the appearance of respiratory or heart failure, damage to other organs due to general intoxication.

Cough may be dry or with sputum (mucous, mucopurulent, bloody). "Rusty" sputum is characteristic of croupous pneumonia, bloody viscous - for pneumonia caused by Friedlander's bacillus, purulent bloody sputum is released with streptococcal pneumonia. If the sputum acquires a putrid odor, then this may indicate suppuration of the inflammatory focus.

Hemoptysis- one of the symptoms of pneumonia caused by fungi, a combination of hemoptysis and pain in the side - a sign of pulmonary infarction.

Chest pain. Pain in the area chest with pneumonia, they can be superficial and deep. Superficial pains are the result of inflammation of the intercostal muscles, they usually increase with a deep breath.

deep pain are associated with damage or stretching of the lining of the lung (pleura) and its inflammation. They are usually very intense, aggravated by deep breathing and coughing.

When the focus of inflammation is located in the lower parts of the lungs and the diaphragmatic pleura is involved in the process, the pain can spread to the abdominal cavity and cause a picture of an acute abdomen.

Dyspnea(feeling short of breath) is one of the main symptoms of pneumonia. It is most pronounced in inflammations that have developed against the background of chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system and heart failure. The severity of shortness of breath usually corresponds to the severity of the general condition of the patient.

In addition to the described symptoms characteristic of pneumonia, it should be noted and manifestations of general intoxication of the body. The patient is disturbed chills, temperature increase body up to 39 - 40 ° C, general weakness, sweating, poor appetite nausea, and sometimes vomiting. In sharply weakened and elderly people, a disorder of consciousness can be observed.

Treatment of pneumonia.

Care for patients with mild pneumonia and favorable living conditions can be carried out at home, but most patients require hospitalization. At the height of the disease, bed rest is necessary, a mechanically and chemically sparing diet with limited salt and a sufficient amount of vitamins, especially A and C. The patient needs access to fresh air, for which regular airing of the room is recommended. With recovery, respiratory gymnastics, physiotherapy exercises, and walks are prescribed. The doctor selects antimicrobial therapy individually, depending on the causative agent of the disease. Ill-considered self-medication can lead to complications.

Folk remedies for the treatment of pneumonia

Phytotherapy

1 part anise fruit, knotweed herb, pine buds, thyme herb, dill fruit, licorice root.
4 tsp chopped collection pour 1.5 cups of cold boiled water, leave for 2 - 2.5 hours, then bring to a boil and simmer for 5 - 7 minutes. After cooling, strain the broth.
Take 0.5 cups of decoction 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
1 st. l. wormwood herbs, 1 glass of vodka.
Pour wormwood with vodka and leave for 5-6 days in a warm, cool place, shaking daily.
Tincture take 1 teaspoon with water, 4 times a day.
5 st. l. licorice root, 2 tbsp. l. mallow flowers, marshmallow root, self-seed poppy flowers, thyme herb, 1 tbsp. l. coltsfoot leaves, mullein flowers, anise fruits.
5 tsp crushed collection, pour 1 glass of cold boiled water, leave for 2 - 2.5 hours, then bring to a boil and simmer for 5 - 7 minutes. After cooling, strain the broth.
Take the decoction in a warm form, 0.25 cups 3-4 times a day.
1 tsp calendula flowers, chamomile flowers, St. John's wort flowers.
Mix the collection components and pour the resulting mixture with 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, then strain.
Infusion take 0.3 cup 2 - 3 times a day.
1 tsp oregano herbs.
Pour oregano grass with 1 cup of boiling water and insist for 2 - 2.5 hours. Strain.
Infusion take 0.25 cup 3 times a day.
1 glass of oats with husks, 1 liter of milk, 2 tbsp. l. butter, 5 tbsp. l. honey.
Rinse the oats thoroughly and pour cold milk over them. Bring to a boil over low heat and cook for 30 minutes, then strain the broth, add honey and oil.
Take a decoction before going to bed, 1 glass.
4 tbsp. l. herb sage officinalis, 2 tbsp. l. coltsfoot leaves, calendula officinalis flowers, 1 tbsp. l. blue cyanosis roots, common anise fruits, 3 tsp each. chamomile flowers, common thyme herb.
3 tsp crushed collection pour 1 cup boiling water in a thermos, leave for 8 - 10 hours, strain.
Infusion take 0.25 cup 4 - 5 times a day.
4 tbsp. l. spring primrose flowers, 3 tbsp. l. horsetail herbs, 2 tbsp. l. large plantain leaves, 1 tbsp. l. coltsfoot leaves.
1 st. l. collection, pour 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 2 - 2.5 hours. Strain.
Take the infusion in a warm form, 0.3 cups 4-5 times a day.
by 4 tbsp. l. chamomile flowers, peppermint herbs, 2 tbsp. l. herbs of motherwort five-lobed, herbs St. John's wort perforated, 1 tbsp. l. blue cyanosis roots, licorice roots, valerian officinalis roots.
2 tsp crushed collection pour 1 cup boiling water. Boil in a water bath for 10 minutes, then leave for 1 hour, then strain.
Take a decoction of 2 tbsp. l. 5 - 6 times a day.
2 tbsp. l. calendula flowers, 1 glass of medical alcohol with a strength of 50% or vodka.
Pour calendula flowers with alcohol or vodka, insist for 14-15 days in a dark, cool place, then strain the tincture.
Tincture take 20 - 25 drops, diluted in a small amount of water, 3 - 4 times a day for half an hour before meals.
5 st. l. wild rosemary herbs, 4 tbsp. l. oregano herbs, 2 tbsp. l. stinging nettle leaves, 1 tbsp. l. birch buds.
5 tsp crushed collection pour 2 cups of boiling water in a thermos, leave for 3-4 hours, then strain.
Infusion take 0.3 cup 3-4 times a day after meals.
2 tbsp. l. calendula flowers, peppermint herbs, coltsfoot herbs, medicinal sage herbs, tricolor violet herbs, 1 tbsp. l. elecampane roots, common anise fruits, 2 tsp each. eucalyptus leaves, pine buds.
1 st. l. crushed collection pour 1 glass of cold boiled water. Infuse for 12 hours, then boil for 10 minutes over low heat. After cooling, strain the broth.
The decoction is taken warm, 0.25 cups 3 times a day.
2 tbsp. l. aloe leaves, 1 tsp. salt.
Grind aloe into gruel and mix with salt.
Take the mixture in 1 tsp. 3 times a day 1 hour before meals.
2 tbsp. l. coltsfoot leaves, marshmallow root, 1 tbsp. l. oregano herbs.
1 st. l. crushed collection pour 2 cups boiling water. Infuse for 20 - 25 minutes, then strain through 2 - 3 layers of gauze.
Take the infusion warm, 0.5 cup 3 times a day.
1 tsp coltsfoot leaves, knotweed grass, black elderberry flowers.
Plant collection pour 1 cup boiling water. Infuse for 30 minutes, strain.
Infusion take 0.25 cup 4 times a day.
by 4 tbsp. l. coltsfoot leaves, tricolor violet root, 6 tbsp. l. large plantain leaves, 3 tbsp. l. licorice root naked.
3 tsp crushed collection pour 1 cup boiling water in a thermos, leave for 2 - 2.5 hours. Strain.
Take the infusion warm, 0.5 cup 2 times a day.
2 tsp. tricolor violet herbs, wild rosemary herbs, large plantain leaves, coltsfoot leaves, chamomile flowers, marshmallow roots, 1 tsp. herbs and roots of spring primrose, licorice roots, common coriander fruits.
4 tsp crushed collection, pour 1 cup of cold boiled water, bring to a boil in a water bath, but do not boil.
Infuse for 2 hours, then bring to a boil again and immediately strain.
Infusion take 0.3 cup 3 times a day after meals.
1 st. l. asparagus herb, black elderberry flowers, coltsfoot leaves.
Pour vegetable raw materials with 2 cups of boiling water and insist for 1 - 1.5 hours. After this time, strain the infusion.
Drink infusion instead of tea, 1 glass 3 times a day.

Vanga's recipes for the treatment of pneumonia

Leaves of coltsfoot - 2 tsp.
Beautiful piculnik grass - 2.5 tsp.
Swamp cudweed herb - 4 tsp.
Calendula officinalis flowers - 2.5 tsp.
Chamomile flowers - 2.5 tsp.
Blackberry leaves gray - 2 tsp.
Seeds of oats - 5 tsp.
Black currant leaves - 2.5 tsp.
Hawthorn fruits - 5 tsp.
Horsetail herb - 2 tsp.
Melilot herb officinalis - 1.5 tsp.
Scotch pine buds - 1.5 tsp.

May lily of the valley flowers - 1.5 tsp.
Elecampane flowers high - 2 hours
Stinging nettle herb - 2 tsp.
Common lingonberry leaves - 2.5 tsp.
Swamp cudweed herb - 5 tsp.
Large plantain leaves - 2 tsp.
Licorice roots naked - 1.5 tsp.
Herb lungwort officinalis - 3 tsp.
Three-leaf watch grass - 1 hour
Black currant fruits - 5 hours
Rose hips - 5 tsp.
Seeds of oats - 5 tsp.
Melilot herb officinalis - 2 tsp.

Mix fees. Two tablespoons of the mixture pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for one hour in a warm place. You can add honey and lemon. Apply 1/2 cup 5-6 times a day while warm. When using infusion, it is advisable not to go outside.

Eucalyptus tincture is taken orally 20 - 30 drops per 1/4 cup of boiled cooled water 3 times a day. Externally, the tincture is used for rinsing and inhalation.

Make rinses from 20 g of thick-leaved bodan root in a glass of boiling water. It is useful to apply this infusion inside 5-10 drops 3 times a day.

Take an infusion of motherwort 2 tablespoons 3 times a day from 20 g of herbs to a glass of boiling water. You can take a pharmacy tincture of 10 drops 3 times a day.

Vanga recommended a decoction of oats, prepared as follows: mix 2 tablespoons of oats with the same amount of raisins and pour 1.5 liters of cold boiled water. Cook over very low heat or simmer in the oven covered over low heat until half of the liquid has evaporated. Cool slightly, strain, squeeze, add 1 tablespoon of honey to the expressed liquid and mix thoroughly. Take 1 tablespoon several times a day. This product is recommended for children.

Pour the washed oats into the pan by 2/3 and pour milk, without filling it by 2 fingers to the top of the pan, close the lid and put in the oven on low heat. Add milk as it boils to the original volume, until the oats are boiled. Cool the broth, strain, squeeze through gauze. In the resulting liquid, add half the volume of honey in a ratio of 2: 1, mix and take 1 tablespoon 3-5 times a day.

Take a fresh raw carp weighing one pound (450 grams), cut off its head and bleed into a cup. A patient suffering from pneumonia must drink this liquid before it coagulates. Cut the rest of the fish, wrap in cloth and place on the chest. Body temperature is measured every half an hour. When it becomes normal (after about 5 to 6 hours), remove the patch.

In case of pneumonia, a lotion should be applied to the chest, made from dough mixed with homemade yeast, with the addition of 100 g of vinegar, 100 g of vegetable oil and 100 g of wine.

The patient should strip naked, wrap himself in a sheet and lie several times a day for twenty minutes on hot sand.

For expectoration of thick sputum, you can use squeezed cabbage juice and the same amount of honey. Then boil this mixture until thickened over low heat and consume inside.

This is also considered a strong medicine: they take nettle and mustard seeds, squeezed juice of a mad cucumber, anise in equal amounts. All this is mixed with honey and given to the patient.

Take 60 g of fenugreek, 45 g of linseed, the same amount of lentil vetch, 60 g of boiled licorice juice. All this is mixed with almond oil and honey and given to the patient 3 times a day.

You can also take white figs, raisins, pitted, licorice root and Venus hair. Boil this whole composition until soft and give the patient a drink at night.

Cans can be placed on the patient's chest, which are sometimes even placed with an incision.

Suitable food during pneumonia is barley and wheat water, wild mallow decoction, bean juice, and raisins (raisins), especially at the end of the disease. At the height of the disease, the food of the sick should be bread soaked in water, soft-boiled eggs, pine nuts, sweet almonds.

It is recommended in the treatment of pneumonia to use all substances that cleanse, eliminate stiffness and soften. These are, for example, licorice root infusion, violet infusion, cucumber core, chicory seeds, quince seed mucus.

Once every two days it is recommended to give the patient a medicine of the following composition: take 50 g of laxative cassia and pitted raisins, pour about 200 g of water and cook until the composition is reduced by half. Then remove the mixture from heat and add 100 g of nightshade juice. All this amount can be given at one time to a patient whose strength is not too exhausted, and half of this amount is recommended to a weak and exhausted patient.

Use medicinal dressings and compresses prepared with barley flour, white sweet wine, dates, dry figs.

If the disease in the patient is accompanied by a strong fever, then he is given honey-sweetened water with barley juice. If the heat is low, then a decoction of hyssop is recommended, in which thyme, common shandra, and figs were boiled.

Take the seeds of marshmallow, mallow, cucumber, melon, pumpkin, thickly boiled licorice juice, fragrant rush inflorescences, medicinal sweet clover inflorescences, and violet. From all this, make cakes, add linseed mucus and give the patient to drink with fig juice.

Pour one tablespoon of coltsfoot with 1 cup of boiling water. Insist 30 minutes. Take chilled 5 times a day. Pour 4 tablespoons of needles (Siberian spruce) with 2.5 cups of boiling water, leave for 3 days. Take 3 tablespoons 5 times a day.

Ground aloe, 1 teaspoon salt, let stand in water. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day before meals for 1 hour.

Pour 50 g of unmelted amber with 0.75 g of grape vodka, leave for 10 days, periodically shaking the contents, do not filter. Use for rubbing the chest and back when high temperature. When the tincture runs out, the same portion of amber can be used again, after crushing the amber and pouring vodka again. In the morning, add 2-3 drops of this tincture to herbal decoctions.

Infusion of marshmallow root (1 teaspoon per 1 glass of water) take 1 tablespoon every 2 hours.

Infusion of marshmallow root (1 tablespoon), coltsfoot leaves (1 tablespoon), oregano herb (1 teaspoon) should be taken after 2 hours to calm the cough.

Infusion of rhizomes and roots of elecampane (1 tablespoon per 1 cup of boiling water) take 3-5 tablespoons per day.

A decoction of thyme herb (1 tablespoon), tricolor violet herb (1 tablespoon), pine buds (1 tablespoon), plantain leaves (1 teaspoon), marsh cudweed grass (1 teaspoon) taken warm in % cup 4 - 5 times a day before meals.

Ginseng infusion take 20 drops 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.

home remedies for pneumonia

With pneumonia, garlic mustard plasters help well. Spread finely chopped garlic on rags previously greased with vegetable oil and put them on the chest or back. If your skin is sensitive, you should first put a cloth moistened with vegetable oil on the body, and then apply garlic mustard plaster on it. It is necessary to keep such mustard plasters for 15-20 minutes so that there are no unpleasant sensations and overexcitation.

An excellent diaphoretic with a strong bactericidal, anti-inflammatory effect: 5 cloves (spice), 4 cloves of garlic, 1 tablespoon of granulated sugar, pour 0.3 liters of water and 0.3 liters of Cahors red wine. Cook in a covered pot over low heat until half of the liquid remains. Strain. Infusion immediately drink as hot as possible, go to bed with a heating pad and wrap yourself well. Health portal www.7gy.ru

Take 300 g of garlic, crushed into gruel, insist in a tightly sealed container for 30 minutes. Collect 200 g of settled slurry from the bottom, pour 1 liter of Cahors wine, leave for 2 weeks, periodically shaking the contents, strain. Take 1 tablespoon hot every hour for pneumonia. At the same time, rub this tincture 1-2 times a day into the chest and back.

Pour 1 cup of oat grains and 1 chopped head of garlic with 2 liters of milk and simmer for 1.5-2 hours in the oven or oven, strain. Take slow sips in a tolerably hot form, 1 glass before bedtime. The infusion has a good expectorant, antitussive, tonic effect. It is also recommended for debilitated patients.

Mix 100 g of garlic gruel with 500 g of goose fat. Put in a boiling water bath. In case of chronic and severe pneumonia, apply the mixture thickly on parchment paper and attach to the chest, carefully tying it with a woolen scarf. Put the compress at night. Before going to bed, drink 1 glass of tolerably hot oatmeal-garlic-milk mixture. To prepare it, pour 1 cup of oat grains and 1 chopped head of garlic into 2 liters of milk and put in the oven for 1-2 hours. Strain. Apply compresses daily for 2 weeks. Then take a break for 1 week. If necessary, continue treatment courses until complete recovery.

Take 4 medium potatoes, wash, cut out the eyes, but do not peel, cut into cubes, add 2 tablespoons of flax seeds, chopped head of garlic into gruel, pour 1 liter of water, cook in a sealed container over low heat for 20 minutes. After cooling to 30°C, use the enema decoction. Enema put 2 times a day until complete recovery.

Cut a hole in the radish and pour 2 tablespoons of liquid honey into it. Put the radish in a bowl, cover with waxed paper or cut off the top, let stand for 3 hours. For severe cough, take 1 teaspoon of juice several times a day before meals.

Add 3-4 drops of fir oil to an enamel pot with boiling water, inhale the steam, covering your head. After inhalation, rub the chest with oil and cover with a warm blanket. For inhalation, you can also use the Mahold inhaler.

Mix onion juice in a 1:1 ratio with honey and consume 1 teaspoon 3-4 times a day 15-20 minutes before meals for pneumonia.

Finely chop half of the onion, boil in 1 glass of milk, insist, wrapped, 4 hours, strain. Take 1 tablespoon every 3 hours. With a strong cough, take 2 onions for 1 glass of milk.

To get rid of a cough after pneumonia, boil 1 cup of fresh unpasteurized milk with 2 dried white figs. Drink hot 2 times a day, 1 glass after meals with pneumonia.

Rub an ointment of the following composition into the chest or back: grind and mix 1 part of wax and 4 parts of goose fat (you can replace it with chicken fat or sheep fat) until a thick ointment is obtained.

Almond oil is used for pneumonia, it has a cooling effect. Patients should be given 1 tablespoon of oil 3-4 times a day.

Along with the main treatment, potato wrapping is recommended: sew a bag, put freshly boiled potatoes in their skins, crush them beforehand and mix with 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil, 1 tablespoon of alcohol and 1 tablespoon of mustard. Apply the hottest bag to the focus of the disease (bypassing the heart area, as in all thermal external procedures), wrap it with cellophane, cover it with warm clothes and bandage it on top. Put on at night, such a compress will be hot until the morning.

Herbs and fees for the treatment of pneumonia

Brew 1 tablespoon of ivy-shaped budra with 3 cups of boiling water and leave for 1 hour. Drink an infusion of budra herb 2 tablespoons 4 times a day 2 hours before meals for pneumonia.
Attention! Do not exceed the dose in order to avoid the toxic effect of budra.

Brew 2 teaspoons of stork grass with 1 cup boiling water and insist, wrapped, for 1 hour. Drink 0.5 cup 2-4 times a day 20 minutes before meals for pneumonia.

Berries of viburnum ordinary insist on hot honey for 6-7 hours. Pour 1 tablespoon of berries with 1 cup of boiling water, insist, wrapped, 2 hours, strain. Take the infusion warm, 0.3 cups several times a day with a strong cough, wheezing. Health portal www.7gy.ru

Mix 1 part pine buds, 2 parts scented violet root and 4 parts Icelandic moss. Pour 1 glass cold water 4 teaspoons of the mixture, leave for 2 hours, boil for 4 minutes, cool and strain. Drink the infusion warm 3 times a day. > For inflammation of the lungs, take an infusion of motherwort: 1 tablespoon of herbs in 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, strain. Drink 2 tablespoons 3 times a day. Pharmacy tincture take 10 drops 3 times a day for pneumonia.

Take equally the fruits of anise, marshmallow root, licorice root, pine buds, sage leaf. Steam 1 tablespoon of the collection in 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain through cheesecloth and take 1 cup every 3 hours for pneumonia.

Take 2 parts of linden flowers, 3 parts of mullein flowers, forest mallow flowers and lungwort grass. Pour 40 g of the mixture into 1 liter of boiling water, insist overnight, strain. Drink 0.25 cups every hour with a dry, debilitating cough.

Take 3 parts each of buckwheat flowers, self-seed poppy flowers, bittersweet nightshade shoots, 4 parts each of forest mallow flowers, coltsfoot leaves, lungwort grass, St. primrose flowers. Pour 4 tablespoons of the mixture into 1 liter of boiling water, leave for 8-10 hours, strain, drink the infusion warm during the day in small sips for pneumonia.

Take 20 g of aloe leaf, blueberry leaf, lingonberry leaf, wild rosemary rhizomes with roots, 20 ml of beet juice, swede juice. Collection pour 1 liter of vodka, leave for 10-12 days, add honey and butter and drink 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for pneumonia.

Take equally anise fruits, fennel fruits, hoof root, licorice root, thyme herb, pine buds. 4 teaspoons of the collection insist on 1 glass of water for 2 hours and bring to a boil. Drink for 1 day in 3 divided doses for pneumonia.

Take 6 parts of forest mallow flowers, 1 part of buckwheat flowers, self-seed poppy flowers, coltsfoot flowers, lungwort grass. Pour 50 g of the mixture into 1 liter of boiling water, insist overnight, strain and drink a day in 5 doses with a dry cough.

Take 2 parts of fennel fruits and mullein flowers, 8 parts of marshmallow root, 3 parts of licorice root, 4 parts of coltsfoot leaf. Infuse 1 tablespoon of the mixture for 2 hours in 1 glass of cold water, boil for 10 minutes, strain after cooling and drink the infusion warm for 1 day in several doses for pneumonia.

Take 2 parts of anise fruits and mullein flowers, 4 parts of coltsfoot leaf, 8 parts of marshmallow root, 3 parts of licorice root, 10 parts of calamus rhizome. Brew 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain through gauze and take 0.5 cups every 3 hours for pneumonia.

Take equally the fruits of anise, raspberries, willow bark, linden flowers and coltsfoot leaves. Brew 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 2 cups of boiling water, boil for 5-10 minutes and strain through cheesecloth. Drink like tea, hot for pneumonia.

Take 2 parts of raspberries and coltsfoot leaves, 1 part of oregano herb. Pour 1 tablespoon of the mixture with 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain and drink warm at night for pneumonia.
Attention! Not recommended for pregnant women.

Diet for pneumonia

Before deciding on a diet, it is recommended to cleanse the patient's stomach with some kind of laxative. At the very beginning of focal inflammation, it is useful to give hot or warm milk by adding a drop of purified turpentine to a glass of milk. For food, give the patient broth, milk, but do not force him to eat much, since food by force is very harmful. To lower the temperature, give water with lemon or cranberry juice. Very weak and old patients can be given a little wine to raise their strength. Before a crisis, it is good to give something diaphoretic - an infusion of lime blossom, mint or sage.

Inflammation of the lungs is infection which can be caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi. The type and severity of the disease depends on the pathogen, provoking factors, the protective functions of the body and timely diagnosis.

Causes of the disease

The reason for the development of the disease is always the same - the penetration and reproduction of an infectious agent, only the factors under which this occurs differ:

untreated viral, bacterial or fungal diseases;
complications after past illnesses;
damage to the respiratory system by various chemical reagents or vapors when inhaled;
increased level of radiation with the addition of infection;
allergies that affect the respiratory system;
colds due to hypothermia;
thermal burns of the lungs in case of fire;
penetration foreign body into the respiratory tract.

Any condition that creates a favorable environment for the growth of microbes and the development of pneumonia can be considered the cause of the disease. Therefore, physicians subdivide pneumonia into a hospital form and out-of-hospital.

In addition, pneumonia is divided into types depending on the pathogen, the severity of the disease also depends on this. clinical picture:

streptococci are the most common pathogens, the disease always proceeds in a severe form, often causing death;
mycobacteria - children and young people are often infected;
chlamydia infection often occurs among the younger generation and middle-aged people, mainly in facilities equipped with artificial ventilation;
Haemophilus influenzae usually affects the respiratory organs of smokers and patients with chronic diseases lungs and bronchi;
enterobacteria infection is rare, as a rule, it occurs with patients diabetes and suffering from diseases of the heart, kidneys and liver;
staphylococcal pneumonias are more likely to develop in older people who have had the flu;
there are pneumonias caused by unknown or rare fungi and bacteria.

Causes of the disease

When making a diagnosis and prescribing treatment, it is necessary to take into account the etiology of pneumonia, the pathogen, anamnesis and the presence of third-party diseases. Often pneumonia is treated on an outpatient basis, in severe cases the patient is hospitalized.

The first signs of pneumonia in adults

Previously, among patients with pneumonia there was a fairly high mortality rate. Today's medicine in the treatment of the disease gives a positive prognosis, subject to timely treatment. Therefore, you need to know how they manifest:

a sharp increase in body temperature, chills;
cough, the first days may be dry, then wet;
runny nose;
general malaise;
hard breath.

It must be remembered that incubation period pneumonia has a very short, only 2-3 days, then the disease begins to progress rapidly, and if treatment is not carried out on time, the patient may die. Therefore, it is important to contact a medical institution at the first signs of pneumonia.

The onset of the disease is always acute, but the symptoms depend on age, immune system and individual characteristics of the organism. The first signs of pneumonia in different people may differ significantly. Some may not have a fever or cough, especially if the person was previously treated with antibiotics while being treated for another illness.

Additional symptoms in adult patients appear later:

purulent sputum begins to separate;
pain in the chest;
respiratory failure;
cyanosis of the skin, especially on the face, this is due to oxygen starvation;
tachycardia, low blood pressure.

The main of the first signs of pneumonia is a cough of varying intensity. At first it can be infrequent and dry, then, if treatment has not been started, it turns into a wet one. Purulent greenish sputum appears.

Chest pain

If a person falls ill with ARVI, then his condition should improve in a week, if this did not happen, and the condition worsened, pneumonia can be suspected. In this case, the temperature is usually very high, only atypical pneumonia is accompanied by subfebrile temperature. It often happens that the patient begins to feel relief, but there is a sharp increase in temperature and the condition worsens. As a rule, medicinal antipyretic drugs have no effect. This is a signal for an urgent visit to the doctor.

Often the sick person feels pain in the chest when coughing or breathing, this alarm symptom indicates that the pleura is involved in the inflammatory process. The person becomes pale, it is difficult for him to breathe, sweating increases, fever, delirium and other symptoms of intoxication of the body appear.

All these manifestations can be considered the first signs of pneumonia, which requires immediate examination. It should be noted that the first signs of pneumonia in women are no different from men, the only difference is that, due to smoking, men are more likely to expose themselves to this disease than women.

The first signs in children

With inflammation of the lungs, the first signs in children are significantly different from adults. Parents are encouraged to pay attention to the slightest changes in the well-being of the child. The first symptoms of pulmonary inflammatory processes can be considered:

high, non-falling temperature, usually above 39 0 C, which is not reduced even by antipyretics;
the child becomes lethargic, refuses to eat, constantly cries;
increased sweating;
it must be borne in mind that in infants, the function of thermoregulation is not yet fully regulated and the temperature may not be high;
in babies, the rhythm of breathing is disturbed, it becomes frequent, if you pay attention to the chest of the child, one side will be late when breathing. Newborn babies may have foam from the nose or oral cavity, a child due to shortness of breath can puff out his cheeks;
if atypical pneumonia develops, the symptoms may be similar to SARS, but shortness of breath and fever are alarming factors;
the cough is usually progressive, first there is a cough, then a dry cough, turning into a wet one;
infants may suffer from diarrhea and vomiting;
the baby is naughty, refuses to breastfeed, often cries, does not sleep well.

With such symptoms, you should immediately call a doctor; with timely treatment, pneumonia usually has a positive prognosis and resolves without complications.

Forms of pneumonia

Inflammation of the lungs according to the localization of the process and the severity of the disease is divided into four forms, which have different first signs:

The acute form of inflammation is not dangerous with timely treatment. Complications may occur if left untreated. It develops due to the penetration of an infectious agent, may be the result of past diseases. The first symptom is high fever and cough.
A chronic form of pneumonia, the causative agent of which is constantly present in the tissues and mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. This form of the disease has phases of exacerbation and remission, develops in rare cases, but is dangerous due to the protracted course and blurred symptoms. The very first sign of this form of the disease is a weakened immune system, and if the patient is not treated on time, inflammation can turn into pleurisy and end in death.
Croupous pneumonia is characterized by the defeat of a larger lobe of the lung and is considered the most dangerous form. Treatment is carried out in a hospital under the supervision of doctors. This form of the disease is usually a continuation of an acute or chronic form of pneumonia and the first sign is shortness of breath and high fever.
Focal pneumonia develops in a certain segment of the lungs, it does not pose a danger, but timely treatment is necessary, otherwise an acute or chronic form may develop with all the ensuing consequences.

In order to determine the form of pneumonia, it is necessary to conduct a series of blood tests and make a chest x-ray.

To understand the severity of the disease, it is enough to pay attention to the first signs and additional symptoms, the brighter the clinical picture, the more dangerous pneumonia is for human life.

What to do at the first sign of pneumonia?

It is important to stay in bed

Knowing how the first signs of pneumonia appear, you can consult a doctor in time and start treatment. Some forms of the disease are almost asymptomatic, which makes them difficult to diagnose. If we are talking about children or the elderly, therapy is required immediately when the characteristic signs of pneumonia appear.

First of all, it is necessary to provide the patient with bed rest and rest. If the body temperature is very high, you need to take an antipyretic. You can give tea with lemon.

Antibacterial therapy should be prescribed by a doctor after sputum examination and identification of the pathogen. You may need antiviral therapy in parallel.

At home, you can drink herbal tea, badger fat and honey. In no case should warming procedures be performed on the chest. At the first signs of pneumonia, you should immediately consult a doctor, the measures that will be aimed at treating the disease in the first 7-9 hours determine the duration and prognosis of treatment.

Complications caused by pneumonia

Complications of pneumonia are very dangerous

Inflammatory processes of the respiratory organs can lead to serious complications. This is due to the fact that the blood washes the lungs, and can spread the infection throughout the body, thereby provoking:

blood poisoning, sepsis;
inflammation of the brain, meningitis;
inflammation of the heart muscle, endocarditis, pericarditis.

If pneumonia develops in an elderly person after surgical treatment, this poses a double threat. Inflammation of the lungs during pregnancy can provoke infection of the fetus with staphylococcus aureus or pneumococcus, which will lead to miscarriage or premature birth. If a pregnant woman has breathing problems, it is urgent to contact the clinic.

You can not self-medicate, pneumonia cannot be cured folk methods. Home treatment can muffle the symptoms and give a misleading picture of improvement, while the inflammatory process will gradually increase.

Treatment

Treatment is usually with medications and antiviral drugs.

Treatment should be complex, including various activities. First of all, this is drug therapy:

antibiotics to fight the causative agent of the disease, if they are used for more than a week, it is advisable to replace them with another drug in order to avoid the emergence of bacterial resistance to the drug;
if necessary, prescribe antiviral or antifungal agents;
anti-inflammatory drugs, antipyretics (used at temperatures above 38 0 C);
mucolytic and bronchodilator drugs to thin sputum and remove it from the respiratory tract, the use of these drugs is mandatory, accumulated sputum can cause inflammation in a new circle;
often doctors prescribe inhalations using essential oils eucalyptus, pine and cedar;
taken to eliminate toxins antihistamines and preparations for blood purification;
in parallel, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system;
in cases where complications relate to the heart and blood vessels, cardiopreparations are prescribed.

Self-treatment cannot be stopped, in the absence of symptoms, the inflammatory process can continue and worsen over time, only in severe form. During the recovery period, it is recommended to perform breathing exercises, monitor your diet and take walks in the fresh air.

Therapeutic tactics in acute pneumonia changed as knowledge, experience and ideas about the role of individual pathogens of this disease, the body's reactivity, the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs and various methods of treatment accumulated. The requirement to ensure proper care and monitoring of patients with pneumonia remained unchanged. Unfortunately, insufficient attention is now paid to the care of patients with pneumonia. Perhaps this is due to the fact that antibacterial treatment is considered the main one, and all other methods of therapy are considered obsolete and have lost their significance. This erroneous judgment is quite widespread even among medical professionals.

Patients with pneumonia should be treated in a hospital. This is especially important for the treatment of lobar pneumonia and severe forms of focal pneumonia. In a hospital setting, you can use the entire arsenal of modern diagnostic and medicinal products and achieve a speedy recovery without complications.

In cases where the treatment of pneumonia for one reason or another is not possible in a hospital and is carried out at home, it is carried out by a doctor who prescribes the necessary therapy, guided by the course of the disease and changes that occur in the patient's condition as a result of the use of antibacterial drugs, symptomatic medications and other therapeutic methods.

A patient with pneumonia must observe a sparing regimen, even if the disease is relatively mild. A sparing regimen during antibiotic therapy is an important condition for the successful treatment of pneumonia and the prevention of complications. Expansion of the mode is carried out immediately after the temperature drops and the composition of the peripheral blood improves.

Powerful antimicrobial drugs such as antibiotics and sulfonamides are used to treat pneumonia. Their use requires compliance with certain rules related to the features of the antimicrobial action of these drugs. If treatment is started with one or another antibiotic, then it is necessary to complete the course in full and in exactly the doses prescribed by the doctor. Sometimes patients, after a decrease in temperature and an improvement in their condition, are inclined to stop treatment, since their weakness disappears, cough decreases, and they consider themselves recovered.

Indeed, antibacterial drugs quickly stop the reproduction and development of microbes, the phenomena of intoxication of the body decrease, and therefore the condition and well-being of patients improves, but this does not mean at all that the patient has recovered. Anatomical changes that have arisen in the lungs as a result of the inflammatory process undergo reverse development much more slowly than improvement in well-being occurs. The patient feels well, but the pneumonia has not ended yet. Therefore, it is important to remember that after the temperature drops and the condition improves, it is necessary for another 2-3 days, depending on the doctor's instructions, to continue treatment with antibiotics or sulfanilamide preparations, i.e., to complete the treatment according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor. In case of unauthorized termination of the administration of drugs, the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of antibiotics or sulfa drugs decreases prematurely when pneumonia has not yet passed, and pathogens again get the opportunity to grow and develop.

Diseased lung tissue is highly susceptible to further damage. So there are various complications, in particular, the disease can take a protracted or chronic course. Therefore, the treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics and sulfa drugs must be continued even after the temperature has normalized for several days (2-3 or more, depending on the doctor's instructions).

It is impossible to allow an arbitrary reduction in the dose of drugs. In the treatment of pneumonia, antibiotics and sulfa drugs are prescribed in doses that provide the necessary concentration of antibacterial substances in the focus of infection. Without this, recovery may not occur. Treatment of pneumonia with sulfonamides and antibiotics is prescribed and changed by the doctor, depending on. the patient's condition and the course of the disease. But general principle remains unchanged: effective treatment can only be provided that the content of the antibacterial drug in the patient's body is sufficient, i.e., when creating a therapeutic concentration.

Sometimes patients, and more often their relatives, show unjustified vigilance and even a negative attitude towards prescribing a medicine in such large doses, in their opinion. Outwardly agreeing with the medical staff in the need for a course of therapy, they then independently reduce the dose, thereby bringing not benefit, but serious harm to the patient: this is especially true for drugs administered by injection. It is clear that injections do not give pleasure to the patient, but this is a necessary remedial measure, without which it is still impossible to do in the treatment of pneumonia.

In the treatment of pneumonia at home, in addition to the strictest implementation drug therapy, it is very important to organize proper patient care. First of all, this concerns the creation of the necessary conditions similar to hospital ones. Bed rest is important, especially in the early days of illness. Nurse, relatives and friends caring for the patient, it is necessary to monitor the slightest changes in the patient's condition, reporting everything to the doctor at his next visit. With a clear deterioration in the patient's condition, it is urgent to seek medical help. Especially it is necessary to be on the alert during the period of temperature decrease, when a sharp drop is possible. blood pressure and development of vascular collapse. In these cases, urgent therapeutic assistance is required. With the appearance of mental excitement, delirium, the patient must be monitored around the clock by relatives and urgently call a doctor.

Clean air in the room where the patient with pneumonia is located is an important condition for successful treatment, so it is necessary to ventilate the room several times a day, even if the patient has a high temperature. During ventilation, it is necessary to cover the patient well, especially the head, leaving only the face open.

The nutrition of a patient with pneumonia should be varied, easily digestible, high-calorie, but not burdensome. In the first days of illness, when appetite is usually reduced, one should not particularly insist on eating. In the absence of appetite, strong broths, sour dairy products, fruits or fruit juices are given. With the appearance of appetite, you can expand the diet. It is very important to give the patient fluids (up to 2 liters per day if there is no circulatory failure), since a febrile patient loses a lot of fluid through sweat. In addition, the abundant introduction of liquid helps to free the patient from toxic metabolic products that poison the body. These can be syrups, fruit drinks, fruit decoctions, juices, etc. In cases where the patient takes sulfanilamide drugs, alkaline liquids are also needed - borzhom, soda water, etc. They contribute to a better dissolution of these drugs and provide a more complete removing them from the body. A hot drink is useful: milk with soda, tea with raspberries, since, according to most doctors, profuse sweating reduces intoxication and thus contributes to a speedy recovery.

It is necessary to monitor the oral cavity to avoid secondary infection (rinsing after eating, and in severe patients - wiping the oral cavity with a swab moistened with a weak, 1% hydrogen peroxide solution). normal function intestines is regulated by the diet (prunes, boiled beets with vegetable oil on an empty stomach, yogurt, kefir) or the appointment of appropriate medications and procedures (taking laxatives, vaseline oil, cleansing enemas).

If sleep is disturbed, it is necessary to ensure its normalization with the help of sedatives and hypnotics.

From symptomatic remedies for inflammation of the lungs, antitussive, expectorant, antipyretic, analgesic, cardiac and vascular drugs are used, which are prescribed by a doctor depending on the indications.

The use of oxygen undoubtedly contributes to a more successful course of treatment of pneumonia. At home, the patient can use oxygen bags by inhaling oxygen through nasal catheters (rubber tubes of small diameter) inserted into the nasal passages.

Of the physiotherapeutic methods of treatment at home, it is possible to use cans and mustard plasters on the affected side. Warming up the diseased half of the chest with dry warm compresses or woolen cloth is very good.

Patients who are in serious condition need the most careful care. At high temperatures, oral care, rubbing the skin with alcohol, washing the face with tepid water, and cleansing enemas are especially important.

If the patient cannot swallow the tablets, they must be crushed, mixed in water and given to drink with a sufficiently large amount of liquid. In case of refusal to take medication, it is necessary to be persistent and achieve the administration of the drug. Without the permission of the doctor, in no case should you cancel, at least once, the prescribed medication.

Thus, in the treatment of a patient with pneumonia, in addition to the usual general hygienic care of the patient, monitoring his nutrition, etc., the following requirements must be met: 1) exactly observe the time of taking the prescribed medication and the dose prescribed by the doctor; 2) the introduction of sulfanilamide preparations combined with the appointment of plentiful drinking, especially alkaline liquids; 3) carefully monitor the patient in order not to miss the appearance of possible complications, including those from taking medications; if any changes in the patient's condition appear, immediately inform the attending physician about this in order to take the necessary measures to eliminate the complications that have arisen.

Thanks to modern highly effective methods of treatment, pneumonia in the vast majority of cases ends in recovery. However, sometimes the disease can be accompanied by a variety of complications, both directly to the lungs and pleura, and to other organs. Among the organ complications respiratory system include: prolonged course of pneumonia, effusion pleurisy, pulmonary suppuration (abscess), proliferation of connective tissue in the lungs (pneumosclerosis), transition to chronic pneumonia, etc.

Inflammation of the lungs can be accompanied by damage to a wide variety of systems and organs, for example, inflammation of the meninges (meningitis), damage to the kidneys (nephritis), liver (hepatitis), inflammation of the membranes of the heart (endocarditis, pericarditis), etc. Complications from inflammation of the lungs are sometimes so severe that they lead to disability, up to a complete loss of ability to work. This indicates the need for timely and proper treatment for the fastest recovery of the patient without any complications. The organization of good patient care is one of the important sections complex treatment pneumonia.

Diseases of the respiratory system are of high danger to humans. One of these common pathologies is pneumonia, which causes inflammation of the lung tissue and irreversible changes in it. To avoid oxygen starvation of tissues, the disease must be treated on time.

How to treat pneumonia at home in adults

Pneumonia is more often of a viral nature, but even in other cases, it is joined bacterial infections Therefore, adults are required to undergo antibiotic therapy, prescribing 1-2 drugs at a time. Treatment standards take into account several factors:

type of pneumonia
volume of damage to lung tissue;
health and age of the patient;
concomitant diseases of the heart, kidneys or lungs.

Antibiotics

Adults are prescribed antibiotics for pneumonia, taking into account their age, and even with a slight effectiveness of one drug, it is not changed for 3 days or until the patient's sputum analysis is deciphered. For the treatment of pneumonia, modern popular drugs are used under the names:

Ceftriaxone. As a release form, white powders for the preparation of injections are used. The course of treatment for pneumonia is determined by the doctor depending on the severity. For an adult, the dose is 1-2 g daily. The solution for injections is prepared from 500 mg of the drug and 2 ml of a 1% solution of lidocaine, and 5 ml of sterile water is used for droppers. Price from 25 rubles, sold by prescription.
Sefpotek. Antibiotic, also allowed for a child from 12 years old. Effective in the treatment of pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. Adults need to take 200 mg - 1 tablet, with an interval of 12 hours. It is necessary to finish the course of treatment in 2 weeks. Price from 120 rubles.
Sumamed. In addition to tablets, it is available as a powder or lyophilisate. It is indicated for infectious and inflammatory diseases, including the respiratory tract. From pneumonia, you need to take 500 mg of the drug per day with a course of treatment equal to 3 days. Price from 520 rubles.

Folk remedies

Alternative treatment of pneumonia in adults is effective in combination with taking medicines if therapy is carried out at home. To do this, you can use the following recipes:

A decoction of raisins. Rinse 0.5 tbsp. dark raisins, pass it through a meat grinder. Fill with a glass of boiling water, sweat under the lid for about 10 minutes. It is necessary to treat pneumonia with such a decoction by drinking 1.5 tbsp. daily.
Fig milk. Prepare 3 dried white figs. Heat the milk, pour the fruits, cook over low heat for about half an hour. For pneumonia, drink 2 cups a day until symptoms improve.
Infusion on nuts. Take 500 ml of dry red wine. Fill them with 50 g of peeled nuts. Sweat the product over low heat for about a quarter of an hour. Use 1 tbsp. before every meal.

exercise therapy

To begin with, it is recommended to change your position in bed more often and not lie on the side that hurts. After 3-4 days, when the acute period of the disease is already behind, you can start breathing exercises, for which lie on your back and put your hands on your stomach. Breathe out after deep breath, but do it slowly, tensing the abdominal muscles. Approaches should be at least 5 per day, each of which includes 15 repetitions. It is recommended to use exercise therapy for the prevention of pneumonia.

Features of the treatment of pneumonia

Treatment of pneumonia in an adult depends on many factors, the first of which is the type of this disease. Therapy for the elderly is carried out necessarily in a hospital, in other cases, the decision is made by the doctor. The treatment algorithm consists of several stages. First, pneumonia is diagnosed, then the focus of inflammation is eliminated with antibiotics. Further, additional drugs are prescribed for the remaining signs of the disease.

Segmental

In adults, this form occurs more often than others and is divided into right-sided and left-sided. A private variety is bilateral, when there are lesions in both lungs. Treatment of pneumonia in an adult is carried out in a hospital with the use of antibiotics, physiotherapy, inhalations and the elimination of allergic reactions. With a unilateral or bilateral form, it is necessary to ensure the correct position of the patient - semi-sitting to improve lung function.

Viral

Bronchopneumonia

This type of pneumonia is also called focal. It develops against the background of bronchitis, therefore it is especially dangerous for its consequences - pleuropneumonia, abscess and even gangrene, therefore, treatment methods are chosen only by a doctor. Antibiotics become mandatory in therapy, and they are chosen according to the degree of impact on the intestinal microflora. Ecoantibiotics are often used. In addition, adults are treated with agents that thin, remove sputum and restore the immune system.

atypical

The most serious of all is the atypical form, because it is caused by atypical pathogens and such pneumonia often occurs in an adult without fever. The disease is also insidious in that it has a latent period when symptoms are practically absent. Antibiotics are often unable to cope with the manifestations of this type of pneumonia, so an adult is prescribed immunoglobulins and special procedures to suck fluid in the lungs. Treatment is supplemented with a complex of vitamins and antipyretics.

Radical

One more complex shape pneumonia is hilar. It is difficult to diagnose, because the symptoms are similar to tuberculosis and central lung cancer. Drugs for treatment are prescribed immediately after diagnosis, and several drugs at the same time, so that the condition is alleviated after 2-3 days and the patient can be prescribed warm-ups and exercise therapy.

Treatment of pneumonia in the hospital

Indications for hospitalization are the deterioration of the patient's condition or the inability to use the necessary drugs at home. With timely treatment, relief occurs in 2-4 days, but possible complications increase the length of stay in the hospital up to 10 days, and often up to 4 weeks. The patient is given injections or put on droppers with antibiotics, then in the same way a saline solution is injected to detoxify the body. In combination with these drugs, adults are prescribed expectorants and antipyretics.

Doesn't present a problem at present. However, first you need to make a diagnosis, choose medications, prescribe correct dosage- all this is in the area of competence and responsibility of the doctor.

This article will discuss the features of the treatment of pneumonia at home. The information below is for guidance only and should not be used for self-treatment of pneumonia at home.

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When can pneumonia be treated at home?

Treating pneumonia at home is an exceptional case.

Inflammation of the lungs is serious illnesses which, if not properly treated, can be life threatening. It affects people with a weakened immune system, with comorbidities. Pneumonia develops acutely and rapidly, accompanied by severe intoxication, fever. Out of habit, patients seek medical help at the last moment, calling an emergency team of doctors. Upon arrival of the ambulance, patients are often in a critical condition, in a confused mind (delirious). Emergency detoxification therapy, intravenous antibiotics, x-rays, and other tests are required. All this can be done quickly, only by hospitalizing a person in a hospital.

Children and the elderly are subject to unambiguous hospitalization. The issue of hospitalization of young patients aged 20-40 years is decided in each case separately. It is believed that in this age group, with a mild course of the disease and good body resistance, it is possible to treat pneumonia at home.

The question of home or hospital treatment is at the discretion of the doctor. There are clear criteria by which a patient with pneumonia is subject to mandatory hospitalization. These criteria will be discussed below.

Tactics for the treatment of pneumonia at home in adults

A dangerous disease, which, firstly, must be accurately established, and secondly, must be treated under the supervision of a physician.

Do not allow self-treatment of the disease, accompanied by coughing.

Antibiotics

Treatment of pneumonia at home with antibiotics and antibacterial drugs involves the use of drugs from the following groups:

penicillins;
macrolides;
cephalosporins;
fluoroquinolones.

Penicillins (Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Flemoxin) are prescribed at a dosage of 500 mg + 125 mg or 875 mg + 125 mg every 8 hours at the beginning of a meal.

Macrolides (Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Sumamed) are used at a dose of 500 mg once a day.

Cephalosporins (Supraks, Pancef, Ceftriaxone) are taken at a dosage of 200 mg twice a day during or after meals.

Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Sparfloxacin) are prescribed 500 mg twice a day after meals.

In the treatment of pneumonia, antibiotics are recommended for the first 2-3 days. intravenous administration. Further treatment is continued at the same dosage orally.

Antibiotics should be continued for at least 10 days.

Expectorants

Cough is an indispensable symptom of pneumonia in adults. With inflammation of the lungs, in most cases, the cough is wet and is accompanied by sputum discharge. At the same time, microbes that cause inflammation change the composition and consistency of sputum, making it thicker. A purulent component may appear in the sputum, which further complicates its withdrawal to the outside. In order to facilitate the drainage of the lower respiratory tract, patients with pneumonia should definitely take mucolytics. The most famous of them are preparations based on acetylcysteine:

Acetylcysteine;
Acestine;
Mukonex;
Mukobene.

Preparations based on acetylcysteine retain their secretion-thinning properties in the presence of pus, which makes them indispensable in the treatment of pneumonia and its complications.

The dosage of acetylcysteine for pneumonia in adults is 600 mg per day, which can be divided into several doses or taken once.

Bronchodilators

Pneumonia is often accompanied by bronchopulmonary obstruction, i.e. narrowing of the airway. As a result, breathing becomes difficult, shortness of breath appears, which can accompany a person even at rest. In these cases, inhalation of bronchodilators is required:

Berotek;
Salbutamol.

Berodual and Berotek carry out inhalations using a nebulizer. Initial dosage - 20 drops as needed, but not more than 4 times a day.

Aerosol Salbutamol is sprayed in the inhalation phase 1 time four times a day.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies are of secondary importance in the treatment of pneumonia. The effectiveness of herbal infusions and decoctions is significantly inferior to medicines. Nevertheless, while being treated at home, it would be wrong to completely ignore the benefits that nature gives us.

By its action folk remedies used in the treatment of pneumonia can be divided into the following groups:

bacteriostatic;
expectorants;
immuno-strengthening.

bacteriostatic agents

Plants have an "immunity" that protects them from microorganisms. These substances - volatile, with a pronounced aroma, aggressive, burning - are called phytoncides.

What is a lot of phytoncides:

horseradish;
garlic;
ginger;
all essential oils.

Most of the listed products do not kill microorganisms, but create an environment in which their ability to reproduce is reduced. Thus, a bacteriostatic effect is achieved. Therefore, with pneumonia, you should not only eat more garlic and ginger, but also inhale the vapors of onions or horseradish 2-3 times a day.

eucalyptus;
Pine;
Carnation;

Expectorants

Herbs with expectorant action:

St. John's wort;
sage;
calendula;
althea root.

They can be added to tea or infused separately, mixes of several herbs at the same time.

Herbal decoctions are best done in a water bath, heating them for 15-20 minutes.

Pharmacies sell special chest fees in 4 options. All of them are approximately equally effective and act not only as an expectorant, but also have a bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory effect.

Immuno-fortifying agents

All plants that a person uses in medicinal purposes, contain biologically active substances that have, to one degree or another, an immuno-strengthening effect. Among them there are several with a pronounced stimulating effect:

echinacea;
rose hip;
eleutherococcus;
ginseng.

These herbs are general rule should not be brewed with boiling water or boiled. Water bath - the most The best way preparation of infusions. As a rule, use 1 tbsp. l. vegetable raw materials in 1 glass of water. After the water bath, the infusion is cooled, the evaporated volume is restored by adding ordinary boiled water.

Breathing exercises and massage

V recovery period role should not be underestimated. The exercises are easy and can be performed by a person of any age.

There are special gymnastic series developed, for example, by Strelnikova A.N., Buteyko K.P. But you can just inflate air balloons(measuredly, without haste!).

The essence of breathing exercises is in the natural stimulation of work respiratory organs. Thanks to it, positive processes are initiated in the lungs and bronchi:

improves blood flow to tissues;
metabolism is accelerated;
regeneration processes go faster, cells are replaced with new ones;
regenerating tissues are cleared of bacterial toxins.

Massage of the back and chest has a similar effect. However, breathing exercises, being a complex of active exercises, are more preferable.

Treatment of pneumonia at home involves compliance with the regimen and the fulfillment of certain conditions, in particular:

minimize mobility (bed rest);
do not go out;
to sleep more;
eat well;
drink more fluids (water, juices, tea, decoctions and infusions);
no smoking.

Treatment of pneumonia in children at home

There are no fundamental differences in the treatment of pneumonia in children. Adult dosages should be reduced according to age:

6-14 years - 2/3 of the adult dose.
2-6 years - 1/3 of the adult dose.

Children with pneumonia are always hospitalized. At home, the treatment of pneumonia in children is not carried out.

When is hospitalization necessary?

Treatment in a hospital is clearly indicated in cases of severe or complicated course of the disease.

Criteria for unequivocal hospitalization for pneumonia:

confusion;
temperature above 40 degrees C;
tachycardia over 120 bpm;
blood pressure below 90/60 mmHg;
shortness of breath with a respiratory rate of more than 30 per minute;
wheezing, asthma attacks, respiratory failure;
defeat of several segments, lobe or whole lung;
bilateral inflammation;
the presence of chronic bronchopulmonary disease;
the presence of concomitant diseases (heart, kidney, liver);
children, elderly people.

Signs of ineffective treatment

Treatment of infectious inflammation is considered ineffective if the symptoms remain intense or continue to progress on the 3rd day of therapy. The lack of effect of treatment indicates the wrong choice of antibiotic. In order to reduce the likelihood of such an outcome, 2 antibacterial agents from different groups.

Possible complications with self-medication

The lungs provide the most important function - human breathing. Their defeat by an acute inflammatory process can turn into a protracted form. Wrong treatment pneumonia often leads to critical, life-threatening consequences.

The parts of the lung affected by inflammation in some rare cases can create conditions for the penetration of air from the respiratory tract into the pulmonary membrane - into the pleural cavity. The air pressure created in the cavity leads to the collapse of the part of the lung directly adjacent to the area of pneumothorax localization.

As a result, the respiratory function of the lung is reduced. Stagnation begins, which create conditions for the further spread of infection and provoke inflammation. The area of pneumothorax may increase over time, causing even more collapse of the lung.

Another complication associated with pleural cavity- pleurisy. Progressive inflammation of the lungs leads to a gradual expansion of the focus of infection in the lung tissue. Bacteria, once in the membrane surrounding the lungs, cause inflammation, accumulation of fluid, sometimes pus (pleural empyema). The symptoms are generally similar to those observed in pneumonia. The danger of pleurisy is the appearance of adhesions, which can limit the mobility of the lungs, reduce their functionality, lead to congestion and increase the risk of new infection of the lungs.

Abscess

Lung abscess - essentially the same pneumonia, but with the formation of purulent cavities in the lung. Accompanied severe pain in the chest, decreased respiratory function of the lungs. After a breakthrough of pus into the bronchus, the patient coughs up an unpleasant substance, often with an admixture of blood. Requires large doses of antibiotics. The affected area is difficult to sanitize. Therefore, often the abscess turns into a protracted form, when the improvement is replaced by a period of another inflammation.

Respiratory failure

Respiratory failure occurs in patients with pneumonia associated with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases: bronchial obstruction,. It can also be formed against the background of a pulmonary abscess, pleurisy, pneumothorax, other pulmonary pathologies, and cardiovascular disorders.

At the same time, gas exchange in the lungs worsens so much that the concentration of oxygen in the blood decreases critically and ceases to satisfy the needs of the body. Shortness of breath appears, mucous membranes and the skin acquires a bluish tint. The patient suffers cognitive abilities, he may lose consciousness. There is a risk of respiratory arrest.

Heart failure

Oxygen starvation resulting from respiratory failure causes the heart to work harder. In the elderly, as well as in patients with cardiovascular disorders, this type of compensation over time leads to an overload of the right, and then the left, ventricle.

Pneumonia is a dangerous lung disease that requires competent and timely treatment. With the right treatment regimen, it can be done at home. In the following video, you can see the general scheme for the treatment of pneumonia.

Conclusion

Thus, the treatment of pneumonia at home is possible in exceptional cases, when the course of the disease and the state of health suggest the success of therapy outside the hospital. At the same time, the patient must be provided with medicines, qualified medical care, live in satisfactory sanitary and living conditions.

Severity of illness, potential complications, need for emergency medical care, the presence of concomitant pathologies - all these factors in most cases cast doubt on the feasibility of treating pneumonia at home.

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